Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

ВсСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ ΠΌΠ°Π΅ OTUS запускаСт ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Ρƒ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ инфраструктуры Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Zabbix, Prometheus, Grafana ΠΈ ELK. Π’ связи с этим Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ дСлимся ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅.

Blackbox экспортСр для Prometheus позволяСт Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… сСрвисов Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, TCP, ICMP. Π’ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ я ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒ Π²Π°ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP/HTTPS с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Blackbox экспортСра. Π—Π°ΠΏΡƒΡΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Blackbox экспортСр Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ Π² Kubernetes.

ΠžΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅

Нам потрСбуСтся ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅:

  • Kubernetes
  • Prometheus Operator

ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ blackbox экспортСра

ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Blackbox Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ConfigMap для настройки http модуля ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π²Π΅Π±-слуТб.

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
data:
  blackbox.yaml: |
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        http:
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ http_2xx ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π±-сСрвис Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ состояния HTTP 2xx. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ конфигурация blackbox экспортСра описана Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ.

Π”Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΉ blackbox экспортСра Π² Kubernetes кластСр

ΠžΠΏΠΈΡˆΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Deployment ΠΈ Service для развёртывания Π² Kubernetes.

---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 9115
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  labels:
    app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus-blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
        - name: blackbox-exporter
          image: "prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 1000
          args:
            - "--config.file=/config/blackbox.yaml"
          resources:
            {}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 9115
              name: http
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: http
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /config
              name: config
        - name: configmap-reload
          image: "jimmidyson/configmap-reload:v0.2.2"
          imagePullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
          securityContext:
            runAsNonRoot: true
            runAsUser: 65534
          args:
            - --volume-dir=/etc/config
            - --webhook-url=http://localhost:9115/-/reload
          resources:
            {}
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /etc/config
              name: config
              readOnly: true
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: prometheus-blackbox-exporter

Blackbox экспортСр ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ monitoring относится ΠΊ Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f blackbox-exporter.yaml

Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всС слуТбы Π·Π°ΠΏΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring get all --selector=app=prometheus-blackbox-exporter

ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Blackbox

Π’Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ доступ ΠΊ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйсу Blackbox экспортСра с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ port-forward:

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-blackbox-exporter 9115:9115

ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ ΠΊ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйсу Blackbox экспортСра Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Π²Π΅Π±-Π±Ρ€Π°ΡƒΠ·Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу localhost:9115.

Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

Если Π²Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ адрСсу http://localhost:9115/probe?module=http_2xx&target=https://www.google.com, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ URL (https://www.google.com).

Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠΈ probe_success Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ 1 ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΡƒ. Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 0 Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎΠ± ошибкС.

Настройка Prometheus

ПослС развСртывания BlackBox экспортСра, настраиваСм Prometheus Π² prometheus-additional.yaml.

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  scrape_interval: 1w
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://www.google.com
      - http://www.example.com
      - https://prometheus.io
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

Π“Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ Secret, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρƒ.

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌ additional-scrape-configs для Prometheus Operator, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ additionalScrapeConfigs.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheuses k8s
...
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs

Π—Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π² Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйс Prometheus, провСряСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring port-forward svc/prometheus-k8s 9090:9090

Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

Π’ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ Blackbox.

Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» для ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (alert)

Для получСния ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ Blackbox экспортСра Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π² Prometheus Operator.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: blackbox-exporter
    rules:
    - alert: ProbeFailed
      expr: probe_success == 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "Probe failed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Probe failedn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowProbe
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow probe (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox probe took more than 1s to completen  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpStatusCode
      expr: probe_http_status_code <= 199 OR probe_http_status_code >= 400
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP Status Code (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP status code is not 200-399n  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateWillExpireSoon
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate will expire soon (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate expires in 30 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SslCertificateHasExpired
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time()  <= 0
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: error
      annotations:
        summary: "SSL certificate has expired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "SSL certificate has expired alreadyn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: HttpSlowRequests
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_http_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "HTTP slow requests (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "HTTP request took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"
    - alert: SlowPing
      expr: avg_over_time(probe_icmp_duration_seconds[1m]) > 1
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Slow ping (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Blackbox ping took more than 1sn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

Π’ Π²Π΅Π±-интСрфСйсС Prometheus ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» Status => Rules ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ для blackbox-exporter.

Prometheus: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ HTTP Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· Blackbox экспортСр

Настройка ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± истСчСнии срока дСйствия SSL-сСртификатов Kubernetes API Server

Π”Π°Π²Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ настроим ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ истСчСния срока дСйствия SSL-сСртификатов Kubernetes API Server. Он Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ увСдомлСния ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Ρ€Π°Π· Π² нСдСлю.

ДобавляСм ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒ Blackbox экспортСра для Kubernetes API Server Authentication.

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit configmap prometheus-blackbox-exporter
...
      kube-api:
        http:
          method: GET
          no_follow_redirects: false
          preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
          tls_config:
            insecure_skip_verify: false
            ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
          bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
          valid_http_versions:
          - HTTP/1.1
          - HTTP/2
          valid_status_codes: []
        prober: http
        timeout: 5s

ДобавляСм scrape-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Prometheus

- job_name: 'kube-api-blackbox'
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [kube-api]
  static_configs:
   - targets:
      - https://kubernetes.default.svc/api
  relabel_configs:
   - source_labels: [__address__]
     target_label: __param_target
   - source_labels: [__param_target]
     target_label: instance
   - target_label: __address__
     replacement: prometheus-blackbox-exporter:9115 # The blackbox exporter.

ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Prometheus Secret

PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG=$(cat prometheus-additional.yaml | base64)
cat << EOF | kubectl --namespace=monitoring apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: additional-scrape-configs
type: Opaque
data:
  prometheus-additional.yaml: $PROMETHEUS_ADD_CONFIG
EOF

ДобавляСм ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ

kubectl --namespace=monitoring edit prometheusrules prometheus-k8s-rules
...
  - name: k8s-api-server-cert-expiry
    rules:
    - alert: K8sAPIServerSSLCertExpiringAfterThreeMonths
      expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry{job="kube-api-blackbox"} - time() < 86400 * 90 
      for: 1w
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate will expire after three months (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
        description: "Kubernetes API Server SSL certificate expires in 90 daysn  VALUE = {{ $value }}n  LABELS: {{ $labels }}"

ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ссылки

ΠœΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Docker

Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊ: habr.com