{"id":119185,"date":"2024-08-08T09:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-08-08T07:43:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie"},"modified":"2024-08-08T09:43:01","modified_gmt":"2024-08-08T07:43:01","slug":"uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-ghostwrite-predostavlyayushhaya-polnyj-dostup-k-fizicheskoj-pamyati-na-cpu-risc-v-xuantie","title":{"rendered":"RISC-V XuanTie CPU-da fiziki yadda\u015fa tam giri\u015f imkan\u0131 ver\u0259n GhostWrite z\u0259ifliyi","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Gelmholts M\u0259lumat T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi M\u0259rk\u0259zinin (CISPA) t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 RISC-V arxitekturas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan prosessorlar\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259rc edib v\u0259 GhostWrite kod ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f z\u0259iflik haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131blar. Bu z\u0259iflik, \u00c7in istehsal\u0131 T-Head (Alibaba-n\u0131n bir \u0259m\u0259kda\u015f\u0131) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istehsal olunan RISC-V XuanTie C910 prosessorlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sir edir v\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q layih\u0259l\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirilir. Z\u0259iflik, sistem\u0259 qeyri-priviliyal\u0131 m\u0259hdud giri\u015f\u0259 malik bir h\u00fccum\u00e7unun fiziki yadda\u015f\u0131n ist\u0259nil\u0259n sah\u0259l\u0259rini oxumaq v\u0259 yazmaq, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 MMIO (Memory-Mapped Input\/Output) istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n periferik cihazlara giri\u015f \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. <\/p>\n

Z\u0259iflik, RISC-V komandalar sistemini geni\u015fl\u0259ndir\u0259n, istehsal\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u0259lav\u0259 etdiyi prosessor t\u0259limatlar\u0131n\u0131n izolyasiyas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar prosessor arxitekturas\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlardan qaynaqlan\u0131r v\u0259 DRAM-a birba\u015fa giri\u015f imkan\u0131 verir, bu da virtual yadda\u015f mexanizml\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 edir. B\u0259zi geni\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f t\u0259limatlar\u0131n fiziki yadda\u015fla birba\u015fa i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si, prosesl\u0259r aras\u0131nda yadda\u015f\u0131n izolyasiyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fma\u011fa imkan tan\u0131y\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 100% \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438 sandbox-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 rvv-bench \u043d\u0430 33% (\u0432 \u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0443 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e 77%, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 — 33%, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 memcpy \u043d\u0430 33%, \u0430 memset \u043d\u0430 8%), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. <\/p>\n

XuanTie C910 CPU-lar\u0131 bazarda olan \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k performansl\u0131 RISC-V \u00e7ipl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir v\u0259 art\u0131q serverl\u0259r<\/a> bulud sisteml\u0259ri v\u0259 noutbuklarda geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, bu problem Scaleway Elastic Metal RV1 serverl\u0259rind\u0259, Lichee Cluster 4A klasterl\u0259rind\u0259, Lichee Book 4A noutbuklar\u0131nda, Lichee Console 4A oyun konsolunda, Lichee Pocket 4A portativ komputerind\u0259, Sipeed Lichee Pi 4A, Milk-V Meles v\u0259 BeagleV-Ahead t\u0259k plit\u0259li PC-l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir. <\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir n\u00fcmun\u0259 exploit, qeyri-priviliyal\u0131 bir istifad\u0259\u00e7inin Linux-da k\u00f6k h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259sin\u0259 imkan tan\u0131y\u0131r. Bu exploit, fiziki \u00fcnvanlara aid olan ist\u0259nil\u0259n virtual \u00fcnvanlarla \u0259laq\u0259li olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn virtual \u00fcnvanlar\u0131n fiziki \u00fcnvanlara \u00e7evrilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yadda\u015fda s\u0259hif\u0259 c\u0259dv\u0259linin m\u0259zmununu d\u0259yi\u015fdirir. Eyni zamanda, yadda\u015f\u0131n m\u0259zmununu oxumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ba\u015fqa bir exploit n\u00fcmun\u0259si haz\u0131rlay\u0131b ki, bu da yadda\u015fda saxlan\u0131lan \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 a\u00e7arlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 parollar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa imkan verir.

\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 — \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u044b T-Head XuanTie C906, \u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f T-Head XuanTie C908. \u041e\u0431\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b CPU. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0445 T-Head XuanTie, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 sunucusu<\/a>. <\/p>\n

Probleml\u0259r, CPU-lar\u0131 fuzzing-testind\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f RISCVuzz \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259si il\u0259 a\u015fkar edilib. Bu \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif CPU-larda eyni geni\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f t\u0259limatlar\u0131n icras\u0131nda f\u0259rql\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir, bunun s\u0259b\u0259bi is\u0259 RISC-V komandalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vahid geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259 reyestrinin olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif istehsal\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ipl\u0259rind\u0259 eyni \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 kodla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan t\u0259limatlar f\u0259rqli h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Yoxlama, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif RISC-V CPU-lar\u0131nda prosessor t\u0259limatlar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcqayis\u0259si v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015flardak\u0131 f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259ri analiz etm\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdir.
\n
M\u0259nb\u0259: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b RISC-V \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f GhostWrite. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 RISC-V-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u044b XuanTie C910, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 T-Head (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Alibaba) \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 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