Microsoft t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131 burax\u0131lan Windows OS \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yenil\u0259m\u0259d\u0259, eyni komp\u00fcterd\u0259 Windows il\u0259 paralel qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Linux sisteml\u0259rinin y\u00fckl\u0259nm\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan bir problem a\u015fkar edilib. Problemin s\u0259b\u0259bi, 2022-ci ild\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259ldilmi\u015f GRUB y\u00fckl\u0259yicisind\u0259ki k\u00f6hn\u0259 z\u0259ifliyi (CVE-2022-2601) aradan qald\u0131rma\u011fa y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f bir d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015fdir. Microsoft, yaranan q\u00fcsurla ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259lik b\u0259yanat verm\u0259yib v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259yib. <\/p>\n
D\u0259yi\u015fikliyin qeydl\u0259rind\u0259, yaln\u0131z Windows istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n sisteml\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting) siyas\u0259tinin t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259c\u0259yi, bununla yana\u015f\u0131, ikili y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 konfiqurasiyalar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sir etm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yi bildirilib (d\u0259yi\u015fiklik, yaln\u0131z Windows qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sisteml\u0259rd\u0259 UEFI Secure Boot-u a\u015fmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6hn\u0259 GRUB y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rinin istifad\u0259sini bloklad\u0131). H\u0259m\u00e7inin, k\u00f6hn\u0259 GRUB versiyas\u0131 il\u0259 sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan sisteml\u0259rin iso g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259rinin y\u00fckl\u0259nm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 probleml\u0259r yarana bil\u0259c\u0259yi qeyd edilib. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n, probleml\u0259r yeni Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Ubuntu 24.04 v\u0259 Debian 12.6) istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n ikili y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 sisteml\u0259ri olan istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcb, burada GRUB-da olan z\u0259iflik \u00e7oxdan aradan qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. <\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f «Verifying shim SBAT data failed: Security Policy Violation. Something has gone seriously wrong: SBAT self-check failed: Security Policy Violation». \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 UEFI \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 SBAT, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c Secure Boot \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0439 Linux-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 UEFI Secure Boot, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, Ubuntu, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 «mokutil —set-sbat-policy delete», \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c Linux-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 SBAT. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c Secure Boot \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0435. <\/p>\n
SBAT mexanizmi Red Hat t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Microsoft il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 GRUB y\u00fckl\u0259yicisind\u0259ki v\u0259 shim qat\u0131ndak\u0131 z\u0259iflikl\u0259ri bloklamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, bu, r\u0259q\u0259msal imzan\u0131n l\u0259\u011fv edilm\u0259d\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. SBAT, UEFI komponentl\u0259rinin icra edil\u0259n fayllar\u0131na istehsal\u00e7\u0131, m\u0259hsul, komponent v\u0259 versiya haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 metadata daxil edilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. Qeyd edilmi\u015f metadata r\u0259q\u0259msal imza il\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259nir v\u0259 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda UEFI Secure Boot \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn icaz\u0259 verilmi\u015f v\u0259 ya qada\u011fan edilmi\u015f komponentl\u0259r siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. SBAT, r\u0259q\u0259msal imzan\u0131n ayr\u0131 versiya n\u00f6mr\u0259l\u0259rini l\u0259\u011fv etm\u0259d\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan tan\u0131y\u0131r. <\/p>\n
SBAT vasit\u0259sil\u0259 z\u0259iflikl\u0259rin bloklanmas\u0131 UEFI-nin l\u0259\u011fv edilmi\u015f sertifikatlar siyah\u0131s\u0131ndan (dbx) istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259d\u0259n, imzalar\u0131n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 GRUB2, shim v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259min edil\u0259n y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 artefaktlar\u0131n\u0131n yenil\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daxili a\u00e7ar\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. SBAT t\u0259tbiq olunmadan \u0259vv\u0259l, z\u0259ifliyin tamamil\u0259 bloklanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn l\u0259\u011fv edilmi\u015f sertifikatlar siyah\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n (dbx, UEFI L\u0259\u011fv Siyah\u0131s\u0131) yenil\u0259nm\u0259si m\u0259cburi idi, \u00e7\u00fcnki h\u00fccum ed\u0259n, istifad\u0259 olunan \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq, UEFI Secure Boot-u pozmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6hn\u0259 z\u0259if GRUB2 versiyas\u0131 il\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015f y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 vasit\u0259sind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bilirdi. \u0412 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Microsoft \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u041e\u0421 Windows \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 Linux-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441 Windows. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2022-2601) \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e 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M\u0259nb\u0259: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"