{"id":39250,"date":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:28:41","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:28:41","slug":"rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","title":{"rendered":"Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 7: N\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 7: N\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/475781030b157d85aa9e9a1dc7ea7c6b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bu not, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 haqq\u0131nda d\u00f6vr\u00fc tamamlay\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131da, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn rahat olan x\u00fcsusi serverin (v\u0259 ya VPS) m\u0259ntiqi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131ndan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lacaq v\u0259 q\u0259za hallar\u0131nda serverin ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259d\u0259n s\u00fcr\u0259tli b\u0259rpa variant\u0131 t\u0259klif edil\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ishodnye-dannye\">M\u0259lumatlar<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>X\u00fcsusi serverl\u0259r ad\u0259t\u0259n, birinci s\u0259viyy\u0259 RAID array\u0131n\u0131 (kopyalanma) t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn minimum iki s\u0259rt disk\u0259 malikdir. Bu, bir disk s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qda serverin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini davam etdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r bu adi bir x\u00fcsusi serverdirs\u0259, ayr\u0131 bir hardware RAID kontrolleri ola bil\u0259r, SSD-d\u0259 aktiv \u00f6n yadda\u015f texnologiyas\u0131 il\u0259, bel\u0259likl\u0259 adi s\u0259rt diskl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq bir v\u0259 ya daha \u00e7ox SSD qo\u015fula bil\u0259r. B\u0259zi hallarda, yaln\u0131z SATADOM (ki\u00e7ik diskl\u0259r, konstruktiv olaraq \u2014 SATA portuna qo\u015fulan flash s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc) olan x\u00fcsusi serverl\u0259r t\u0259klif olunur, yaxud x\u00fcsusi daxili portda qo\u015fulan adi bir ki\u00e7ik (8-16 Gb) flash s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, m\u0259lumatlar is\u0259 ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f saxlama \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259si (Ethernet 10G, FC v\u0259 s.) il\u0259 qo\u015fulmu\u015f S\u00c7D-d\u0259n al\u0131nacaq. B\u0259zi x\u00fcsusi serverl\u0259r, birba\u015fa S\u00c7D-d\u0259n y\u00fckl\u0259nir. Bel\u0259 variantlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259k ist\u0259mir\u0259m, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu hallarda serverin ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131, ad\u0259t\u0259n S\u00c7D-ni idar\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis\u0259 ke\u00e7ir, orada m\u00fcxt\u0259lif brend texnologiyalar\u0131 il\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259rinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131, daxili deduplication v\u0259 dig\u0259r administratorun rahatl\u0131qlar\u0131 var ki, bunlar da bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259lki hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir. X\u00fcsusi serverin disk array\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259cmi qo\u015fulmu\u015f disk say\u0131na v\u0259 h\u0259cmin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 on terabayta \u00e7ata bil\u0259r. VPS hal\u0131nda is\u0259 h\u0259cml\u0259r daha modestdir: ad\u0259t\u0259n 100 Gb-dan \u00e7ox olmur (amma daha da \u00e7ox ola bil\u0259r), v\u0259 bel\u0259 VPS-l\u0259rin tarifl\u0259ri bu eyni providerin \u0259n ucuz x\u00fcsusi serverl\u0259rind\u0259n daha baha ola bil\u0259r. VPS-d\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n bir disk olur, \u00e7\u00fcnki alt\u0131nda S\u00c7D (v\u0259 ya n\u0259s\u0259 hiper konvergent) olacaqd\u0131r. B\u0259z\u0259n VPS-d\u0259 f\u0259rqli m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn f\u0259rqli x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 malik bir ne\u00e7\u0259 disk olur:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ki\u00e7ik sistem disk \u2014 \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn;<\/li>\n<li>b\u00f6y\u00fck disk \u2014 istifad\u0259\u00e7i m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n\u0131n saxlanmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sistem yenil\u0259ndikd\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 paneli il\u0259 istifad\u0259\u00e7i m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu disk silinmir, ancaq sistem diski tamamil\u0259 yenid\u0259n yaz\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, VPS il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olaraq, provayder VPS (ya da diskin) v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n bir d\u00fcym\u0259ni t\u0259klif ed\u0259 bil\u0259r, lakin \u00f6z \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminizi qura\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda v\u0259 ya VPS daxilind\u0259 laz\u0131mi xidm\u0259ti aktivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi unutdu\u011funuzda, m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 itiril\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu d\u00fcym\u0259ni \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq, \u00e7ox vaxt m\u0259hdud olan m\u0259lumat saxlama xidm\u0259ti t\u0259klif olunur. Ad\u0259t\u0259n bu, FTP v\u0259 ya SFTP protokolu il\u0259 giri\u015f imkan\u0131 olan bir hesabd\u0131r, b\u0259z\u0259n SSH il\u0259 birlikd\u0259, k\u0259silmi\u015f shell (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, rbash) il\u0259, ya da authorized_keys (ForcedCommand vasit\u0259sil\u0259) il\u0259 \u0259mr icras\u0131 m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259ti il\u0259 verilir. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>T\u0259chiz olunmu\u015f server iki 1 Gbit\/s s\u00fcr\u0259tind\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 qo\u015fulub, b\u0259z\u0259n bu, 10 Gbit\/s s\u00fcr\u0259tind\u0259 olan kartlar da ola bil\u0259r. VPS-l\u0259rd\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 interfeysi \u0259sas\u0259n bir d\u0259n\u0259dir. \u018fn \u00e7ox data m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri data m\u0259rk\u0259zi daxilind\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tini m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131r, lakin internet\u0259 giri\u015f s\u00fcr\u0259tini m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bel\u0259 t\u0259chiz olunmu\u015f serverin v\u0259 ya VPS-in tipik y\u00fck\u00fc veb server, veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131, t\u0259tbiq serveridir. B\u0259zi hallarda, veb server v\u0259 ya veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u0259lav\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i xidm\u0259tl\u0259r qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259r: axtar\u0131\u015f m\u00fch\u0259rriki, po\u00e7t sistemi v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rinin saxlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f server istifad\u0259 olunur, bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 daha \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat veril\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"logicheskaya-organizaciya-diskovoy-sistemy\">Disk sisteminin m\u0259ntiqi t\u0259\u015fkili<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u018fg\u0259r RAID n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7isi varsa, ya da bu bir diskl\u0259 VPSdirs\u0259 v\u0259 disk alt sisteminin i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 x\u00fcsusi t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r yoxdursa (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ayr\u0131, s\u00fcr\u0259tli disk) \u2013 b\u00fct\u00fcn bo\u015f sah\u0259 bel\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: bir b\u00f6lm\u0259 yarad\u0131l\u0131r, onun \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 LVM h\u0259cmi qrupla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, burada bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259cml\u0259r yarad\u0131l\u0131r: 2 ki\u00e7ik, eyni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259, k\u00f6k fayl sistemi kimi istifad\u0259 olunur (yenil\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r zaman\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259tli geri d\u00f6nm\u0259 imkan\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0131rayla d\u0259yi\u015fdirilir, bu fikri Calculate Linux distrosundan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb), bir daha is\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, qalan bo\u015f sah\u0259 is\u0259 tam konteynerl\u0259r, virtual ma\u015f\u0131nlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn disk, \/home-da (h\u0259r hesab \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z fayl sistemi) fayl sisteml\u0259ri, t\u0259tbiq konteynerl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn fayl sisteml\u0259ri kimi istifad\u0259 olunan ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cml\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Vacib qeyd: h\u0259cml\u0259r tam m\u00fcst\u0259qil olmal\u0131d\u0131r, y\u0259ni bir-birin\u0259 v\u0259 ya k\u00f6k fayl sistemin\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131 olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Virtual ma\u015f\u0131nlar v\u0259 ya konteynerl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu, avtomatik olaraq yerin\u0259 yetirilir. \u018fg\u0259r t\u0259tbiq konteynerl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya ev kataloqlar\u0131 varsa \u2014 veb serverin konfiqurasiya fayllar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri bir-birind\u0259n ay\u0131rmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, h\u0259cml\u0259r aras\u0131nda as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131 minimuma endir\u0259k. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, h\u0259r veb sayt \u00f6z istifad\u0259\u00e7isind\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259yir, sayt\u0131n konfiqurasiya fayllar\u0131 istifad\u0259\u00e7inin ev kataloqunda yerl\u0259\u015fir, veb serverin konfiqurasiya fayllar\u0131nda saytlar\u0131n konfiqurasiya fayllar\u0131 \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/ yolu il\u0259 deyil, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \/home\/ yolu il\u0259 daxil edilir.<em>.conf, amma, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \/home\/<\/em>\/configs\/nginx\/*.conf<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 disk varsa \u2014 proqraml\u0131 RAID massivi yaratmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (\u0259g\u0259r ehtiyac v\u0259 imkan varsa, onun SSD-d\u0259 \u00f6n yadda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259k olar), onun \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 is\u0259 yuxar\u0131da t\u0259qdim olunan qaydalara uy\u011fun LVM m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259sini qurmaq olar. Bu halda ZFS v\u0259 ya BtrFS istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k d\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr, amma burada bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r: bunlar resurslara daha ciddi yana\u015fma t\u0259l\u0259b edir, h\u0259m d\u0259 ZFS Linux n\u00fcv\u0259si il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 g\u0259lmir.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u0130stifad\u0259 olunan sxem\u0259d\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 disk \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin yazma s\u00fcr\u0259tini \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k v\u0259 sonra \u015f\u0259kil yed\u0259kl\u0259ri yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bo\u015f yerin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc hesablamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u0259g\u0259r serverimiz m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 saniy\u0259d\u0259 10 megabayt s\u00fcr\u0259ti il\u0259 yazacaqsa v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259lumatlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn massiv 10 terabaytd\u0131rsa \u2014 sinxronizasiya vaxt\u0131 bir g\u00fcn\u0259 (22 saat \u2014 bel\u0259 bir h\u0259cmi 1gbit\/s \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k 22 saat \u00e7\u0259k\u0259c\u0259k) \u00e7ata bil\u0259r \u2014 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 800 gigabayt ayr\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259nd\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259m daha az olacaq, onu rahatl\u0131qla lojiq h\u0259cml\u0259rin say\u0131na b\u00f6l\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ustroystvo-servera-hraneniya-rezervnyh-kopiy\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn server qur\u011fusu<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn serverin \u0259sas f\u0259rqi \u2014 b\u00f6y\u00fck, ucuz v\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n yava\u015f diskl\u0259rdir. M\u00fcasir HDD-l\u0259r art\u0131q bir diskd\u0259 10TB s\u0259rh\u0259dini ke\u00e7diyind\u0259n \u2014 m\u00fctl\u0259q t\u0259sdiq edil\u0259n fayl sisteml\u0259ri v\u0259 ya RAID il\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki massiv qurark\u0259n v\u0259 ya fayl sistemini b\u0259rpa ed\u0259rk\u0259n (bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259!) ikinci disk artan y\u00fck s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xa bil\u0259r. 1TB tutumlu diskd\u0259 bu o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 hiss olunmurdu. \u0130zah etm\u0259yi asanla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn diskl\u0259rin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rini iki eyni \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259 hiss\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259si (yen\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, LVM vasit\u0259sil\u0259) n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>serverl\u0259rd\u0259 istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n h\u0259cml\u0259r, istifad\u0259\u00e7i m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n\u0131 saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (bura yoxlama m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u0259n son yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si qurulacaq);<\/li>\n<li>h\u0259cml\u0259r, BorgBackup-an \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259c\u0259k m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259ri olaraq istifad\u0259 edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fleyi\u015f prensibi, her bir sunucu i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 hacimler olu\u015fturulmas\u0131d\u0131r, bunlar BorgBackup depolar\u0131d\u0131r ve bu depolara aktif sunuculardan veri gidecektir. Depolar yaln\u0131zca ekleme modunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in veri silinmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir; ayr\u0131ca deduplikasyon ve depolar\u0131n eski yedeklerden d\u00fczenli olarak temizlenmesi sayesinde (y\u0131ll\u0131k kopyalar, son bir y\u0131l i\u00e7in ayl\u0131k kopyalar, son bir ay i\u00e7in haftal\u0131k kopyalar, son bir hafta i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck kopyalar, gerekirse son g\u00fcn i\u00e7in saatlik kopyalar: toplamda 24 + 7 + 4 + 12 + y\u0131ll\u0131k \u2014 her bir sunucu i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 kopya) sa\u011flan\u0131r.<br \/>\nBorgBackup depolar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca ekleme modunu etkinle\u015ftirmez, bunun yerine .ssh\/authorized_keys i\u00e7inde yakla\u015f\u0131k \u015fu \u015fekilde bir ForcedCommand kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">from=\"sunucu adresi\",command=\"\/usr\/local\/bin\/borg serve --append-only --restrict-to-path \/home\/sunucu_ad\u0131\/borgbackup\/\",no-pty,no-agent-forwarding,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-user-rc AAAAA.......<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Belirtilen yolda, i\u015flemci parametreleriyle birlikte ikili dosyay\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, veri al\u0131m\u0131 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra yedek geri y\u00fckleme s\u00fcrecini de ba\u015flatan bir sarmalay\u0131c\u0131 betik bulunur. Bu sarmalay\u0131c\u0131 betik, ilgili depo ile birlikte bir i\u015faret dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Veri y\u00fckleme s\u00fcrecinin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, yap\u0131lan son yedek otomatik olarak ilgili mant\u0131ksal hacme geri y\u00fcklenir.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Bu yap\u0131, zaman zaman gereksiz yedekleri temizlemeye olanak tan\u0131r ve aktif sunucular\u0131n yedekleme sunucusunda herhangi bir \u015feyi silmelerine engel olur.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-rezervnogo-kopirovaniya\">Yedekleme s\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Yedeklemenin ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, kendisi olan \u00f6zel sunucu veya VPS'tir; bu t\u00fcr bir yap\u0131, bu sunucu taraf\u0131ndan yedekleme s\u00fcreci \u00fczerinde daha fazla kontrol sa\u011flar. \u0130lk olarak, aktif k\u00f6k dosya sisteminin durumu bir anl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc (snapshot) al\u0131narak yedekleme sunucusuna BorgBackup ile y\u00fcklenir. Veri al\u0131m\u0131 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra anl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve silinir.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ki\u00e7ik bir m\u0259lumat bazas\u0131 (h\u0259r sayt \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 1 GB-dan az) oldu\u011fu halda, m\u0259lumat bazas\u0131n\u0131n bir n\u00fcsx\u0259si yarad\u0131l\u0131r ki, bu da m\u00fcvafiq m\u0259ntiqi h\u0259cmd\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131r, dig\u0259r h\u0259min sayt\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 il\u0259 bir yerd\u0259, lakin n\u00fcsx\u0259nin veb-server vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u0259l\u00e7atan olmamas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn. B\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259lumat bazalar\u0131 olduqda is\u0259, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, MySQL \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xtrabackup v\u0259 ya PostgreSQL \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn archive_command il\u0259 WAL i\u015fini qurmaqla 'isti' m\u0259lumat \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259lidir. Bu halda, m\u0259lumat bazas\u0131 saytlar\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ca b\u0259rpa edil\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u018fg\u0259r konteynerl\u0259r v\u0259 ya virtual ma\u015f\u0131nlar istifad\u0259 olunursa, qemu-guest-agent, CRIU v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r laz\u0131mi texnologiyalar konfiqurasiya edilm\u0259lidir. Dig\u0259r hallarda \u0259lav\u0259 konfiqurasiyalara \u00e7ox vaxt ehtiyac olmur \u2014 sad\u0259c\u0259, k\u00f6k fayl sisteminin v\u0259ziyy\u0259t \u015f\u0259kli il\u0259 eynil\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k loqikal h\u0259cml\u0259rin \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rini yarad\u0131n. M\u0259lumatlar al\u0131nd\u0131qdan sonra \u015f\u0259kill\u0259r silinir.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Daha sonra i\u015f, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rinin saxland\u0131\u011f\u0131 serverd\u0259 davam edir:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>h\u0259r bir repositoriyada son yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si yoxlan\u0131l\u0131r,<\/li>\n<li>m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 prosesinin ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n qeyd fayl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu yoxlan\u0131l\u0131r,<\/li>\n<li>m\u00fcvafiq lokal h\u0259cml\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n b\u0259rpa edilm\u0259si h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir,<\/li>\n<li>qeyd fayl\u0131 silinir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"process-vosstanovleniya-rabotosposobnosti-servera\">Serverin i\u015fl\u0259k v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin b\u0259rpas\u0131 prosesi<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u018fg\u0259r \u0259sas server s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rsa, onu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir standart imic il\u0259 y\u00fckl\u0259n\u0259n analoji ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f server i\u015f\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 ehtimal ki, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259c\u0259k, lakin serveri konfiqurasiya ed\u0259n M\u0259rk\u0259zi Ofis \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 bu standart imici d\u0259rhal diskl\u0259rd\u0259n birin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u0259 bil\u0259r. Y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 yadda\u015fa ba\u015f verir, bundan sonra b\u0259rpa prosesi ba\u015flay\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f serverin k\u00f6k fayl sistemini \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n blok cihaz\u0131na iscsinbd v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r b\u0259nz\u0259r loqikal h\u0259cm protokolu vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qo\u015fulma \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sor\u011fu g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir; k\u00f6k fayl sistemi ki\u00e7ik olmal\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 bu m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259qiq\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 tamamlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fckl\u0259yici d\u0259 b\u0259rpa olunur;<\/li>\n<li>lokal loqikal h\u0259cml\u0259rin strukturu b\u0259rpa edilir, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 serverind\u0259n loqikal h\u0259cml\u0259r dm_clone n\u00fcv\u0259si modulu vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qo\u015fulur: m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r d\u0259rhal lokal diskl\u0259r\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00f6vcud fiziki diskl\u0259rl\u0259 konteyner i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131n\u0131r \u2014 serverin i\u015fl\u0259k v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti tamamil\u0259 b\u0259rpa olunur, lakin azalm\u0131\u015f m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131qla;<\/li>\n<li>m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n sinxronizasiyas\u0131 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131qdan sonra, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 serverind\u0259n loqikal h\u0259cml\u0259r ayr\u0131l\u0131r, konteyner ba\u011flan\u0131r, server yenid\u0259n ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Yenid\u0259n ba\u015fland\u0131qdan sonra server, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259nin yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ank\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 v\u0259 eyni zamanda b\u0259rpa prosesi zaman\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri ehtiva ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Dig\u0259r m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/449282\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 1: Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259nin m\u0259qs\u0259di, \u00fcsullar\u0131n v\u0259 texnologiyalar\u0131n icmal\u0131<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/452630\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259m\u0259, hiss\u0259 2: rsync \u0259sasl\u0131 ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin icmal\u0131 v\u0259 testi<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454420\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 3: duplicity, duplicati-nin icmal\u0131 v\u0259 test edilm\u0259si<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454734\/#first_unread\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 4: zbackup, restic, borgbackup-\u0131n icmal\u0131 v\u0259 test edilm\u0259si<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/459550\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 5: Bacula v\u0259 Veeam Backup for Linux-un test edilm\u0259si<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/468963\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259: oxucular\u0131n xahi\u015fi il\u0259 hiss\u0259: AMANDA, UrBackup, BackupPC-nin icmal\u0131<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/470802\/\">Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si, hiss\u0259 6: Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u00fcqayis\u0259si<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nEhtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 7: N\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>T\u0259klif olunan variant\u0131 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t edir\u0259m, diqq\u0259tiniz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcr edir\u0259m!<\/p>\n<p>M\u0259nb\u0259: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/472776\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 VPS), \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0412\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 RAID \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":29456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.0.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 7: \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:28:41+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:28:41+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, hiss\u0259 7: N\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r | ProHoster","description":"Bu qeyd ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 haqq\u0131nda d\u00f6vr\u00fc tamamlay\u0131r.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"az_AZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 7: \u0412\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-7-vyvody","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:28:41+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:28:41+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"39250","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-24 01:28:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 00:53:37","updated":"2026-01-24 01:28:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39250"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39250\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}