{"id":53060,"date":"2019-11-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-22T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/sistema-nepreryvnogo-proizvodstvennogo-planirovaniya-rodova-sovetskaya-lean-erp-1961-goda-vzlet-zakat-i-novoe-rozhdenie"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:55","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:55","slug":"sistema-nepreryvnogo-proizvodstvennogo-planirovaniya-rodova-sovetskaya-lean-erp-1961-goda-vzlet-zakat-i-novoe-rozhdenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/sistema-nepreryvnogo-proizvodstvennogo-planirovaniya-rodova-sovetskaya-lean-erp-1961-goda-vzlet-zakat-i-novoe-rozhdenie","title":{"rendered":"Rodova davaml\u0131 istehsal planlamas\u0131 sistemi - 1961-ci ilin sovet Lean-ERP-si. U\u00e7u\u015f, \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 yeni do\u011fu\u015f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Piterkin S.V., sergey.piterkin@rightstep.ru<\/i><\/p>\n

Giri\u015f<\/h3>\n

\n\u0130stehsal\u0131n planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 \u2014 indiki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 yerli m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n 'aktual' v\u0259 'qaranl\u0131q' probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. ERP sisteml\u0259ri formas\u0131nda IT-nin t\u0259tbiqin\u0259 dair m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r, k\u00f6hn\u0259lmi\u015f \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi MRP-II v\u0259 ya m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l, lakin 'nervli' APS alqoritml\u0259ri il\u0259 birg\u0259, daha \u00e7ox onlar\u0131n z\u0259ifliyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir; 's\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istehsal' geni\u015f t\u0259tbiq olunsa da, \u0259sas\u0259n 5S, vizualla\u015fd\u0131rma, kaizen v\u0259 s. s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 icra edils\u0259 d\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 istehsal\u0131n planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn real bir vasit\u0259 t\u0259qdim etmir.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259n populyar istehsal planla\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 sistemi \u2014 Rodova Sistemi haqq\u0131nda t\u0259svir v\u0259 onun indiki d\u00f6vr istehsal probleml\u0259rinin h\u0259llin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f dirilm\u0259si var.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNovo\u00e7erkasskaya Davaml\u0131 \u0130stehsal Planla\u015fd\u0131rma Sistemi, y\u0259ni Rodova Sistemi, ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 yarad\u0131l\u0131b. V\u0259, q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 \u2014 \u0259n t\u0259l\u0259bkar v\u0259 konservativ idar\u0259etm\u0259 dair\u0259l\u0259ri, istehsal m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u0259ri, planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, dispet\u00e7erl\u0259r, istehsal \u015f\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0259bul edilib (m\u00fcqayis\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn indiki ERP sisteml\u0259rinin geni\u015f 'q\u0259bulunu' g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcn...). <\/p>\n

Bu, onun \u0259sas istehsal m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259llind\u0259 son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 sad\u0259 v\u0259 effektiv olmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u015f verd\u0131: istehsal 'd\u00fcz zamanda', 'd\u00fcz miqdarda'; ritmik; minimal x\u0259rcl\u0259rl\u0259; ba\u015f ver\u0259nl\u0259rin maksimum \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259kl\u0259. Sisteminin populyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 yay\u0131lmas\u0131 o q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck idi ki, h\u0259tta indi 'fraktal' sisteml\u0259rinin \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 alternativl\u0259rinin olmamas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n bir \u00e7ox zavodlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istehsal\u0131n idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131nda h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. Lakin, qeyd etm\u0259liy\u0259m ki, bu 'fraktallar' \u0259la deyil v\u0259 x\u00fcsusi bir effekt yaratm\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Buna baxmayaraq, Rodova Sistemi, \u0259n az\u0131ndan onun \u0259sas elementl\u0259ri m\u00fcasir \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 v\u0259 edilm\u0259lidir. Nec\u0259 \u2014 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da m\u00fczakir\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259k. Rodova Sisteminin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, onun t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin, \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259rinin v\u0259 m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259sviri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 IT v\u0259 m\u00fcasir idar\u0259etm\u0259 texnologiyalar\u0131ndan, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n S\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u0130stehsal (Lean), T\u0259sir Z\u0259nciri (TOC) istifad\u0259 edil\u0259r\u0259k onun dirilm\u0259si.<\/p>\n

Rodova Sistemi<\/h3>\n

\n1. M\u0259hsul t\u0259rkibi<\/b>. '\u00dcmumi' v\u0259 ya \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsul<\/b>yarad\u0131l\u0131b, zavodun istehsal etdiyi b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259hsullar\u0131n kombinasiyas\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 edir. Novo\u00e7erkassk zavodunda sistemin yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259d\u0259, '\u00fcmumi' m\u0259hsul kimi elektrik lokomotivi g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc, bu eyni zamanda planla\u015fd\u0131rma \u00fcf\u00fcq\u00fcnd\u0259 onun modifikasiyalar\u0131, \u00f6z planlar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 istehsal olunan ehtiyat hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, birlikd\u0259 istehsal edil\u0259n modullar v\u0259 m\u0259hsullar, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 TNP \u0259lav\u0259 edilirdi. Daha m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b hallarda \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsul olaraq sutka-komplektl\u0259r g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc.
\n: Sonuncunu g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, m\u0259nim hal\u0131mda, icra etdikd\u0259n sonra t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi<\/u>. \u015e\u0259rti m\u0259hsul m\u00fcasir ERP sisteml\u0259rinin planned item v\u0259 ya future item-d\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u015fey deyil.<\/i> <\/p>\n

2. \u0130stehsal plan\u0131<\/b> \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsul \u2014 istehsal c\u0259dv\u0259li<\/b>. Kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r uzun bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (sistem yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u2013 bir il, amma, kvartal d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri il\u0259) saxlan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rti ma\u015f\u0131nlar \u015f\u0259klind\u0259, il ba\u015f\u0131ndan v\u0259 ya istehsal\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q n\u00f6mr\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259rc olunurdu, h\u0259r bir m\u0259hsula ba\u011fl\u0131 tarixl\u0259r il\u0259 \u2013 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u015f\u0259kil bax\u0131n.<\/p>\n

\"Rodova
\n
\n3. Planla\u015fd\u0131rma<\/b>. \u015e\u0259rti m\u0259hsulun d\u00f6vr\u00fc c\u0259dv\u0259li montaj\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c tarixin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 normativl\u0259\u015fdirilirdi:<\/p>\n

a. H\u0259r bir emalatxana \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn normativl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 \u0259msal\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259xsus idi (ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq) v\u0259 \"Zad\u0259<\/b>\" detallarda idi. <\/p>\n

b. Zavodun b\u00fct\u00fcn NqP-sind\u0259n zad\u0259ni \u00e7\u0131xardaraq, emalatxana h\u0259r detal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, tamamlanm\u0131\u015f (toplanm\u0131\u015f) \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsul n\u00f6mr\u0259sini al\u0131rd\u0131. <\/p>\n

c. Emalatxanan\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di \u2014 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f ritmd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k, y\u0259ni, bug\u00fcn toplanan \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsul n\u00f6mr\u0259si il\u0259 detald\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, b\u0259lirli \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsullar\u0131n il \u00fczr\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r v\u0259 davaml\u0131 istehsal\u0131na olan \u0259sasland\u0131rmaya \u0259saslanaraq, h\u0259r bir emalatxana haz\u0131r m\u0259hsul istehsal plan\u0131 al\u0131rd\u0131, bu da \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsulda ifad\u0259 olunurdu. Zavodlarda, h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 Rodov sistemini t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fark\u0259n, onun ad\u0131 f\u0259rqli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131: \"seri hesab\", \"seri\", \"ma\u015f\u0131n d\u0259stl\u0259ri\" v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n

: Sonuncunu g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, m\u0259nim hal\u0131mda, icra etdikd\u0259n sonra t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi<\/u><\/p>\n

\"Zad\u0259\" haqq\u0131nda bir az daha \u0259trafl\u0131 dayanmal\u0131y\u0131q, \u00e7\u00fcnki y\u0259qin ki, Rusiya istehsal n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox yanl\u0131\u015f ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u0259n bir anlay\u0131\u015f yoxdur \u2014 Rodov sisteminin populyarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259ks t\u0259r\u0259fi. \"Zad\u0259\", Rodovun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259, NqP s\u0259viyy\u0259sidir, ya da daha d\u0259qiq des\u0259k, say il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259 vaxt\u0131d\u0131r ki, emalatxana s\u00fcr\u0259tli komplektl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn detallar t\u0259qdim etm\u0259lidir. Amma bu \"sakral\" m\u0259nas\u0131 indi itirilib. \u0130stehsal\u00e7\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \"zade\" \u2014 bu, b\u0259z\u0259n tamamil\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, ya da daha pis, Rodov metodikasas\u0131na \u0259saslanaraq davaml\u0131 v\u0259 stabil istehsal plan\u0131 il\u0259 hesablanm\u0131\u015f bir anbar s\u0259viyy\u0259sidir ki, emalatxanalar\u0131n davaml\u0131 i\u015f \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. B\u0259li, el\u0259 bel\u0259dir, davaml\u0131 v\u0259 ritmik istehsal<\/u>! Plan\u0131n\/ sifari\u015fin\/sifari\u015fl\u0259rin vaxt\u0131nda yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si deyil, m\u0259hz emalatxanaya istehsal etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r, y\u0259ni dur\u011funluq olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \"S\u0131xma\" \u0259n pis hal\u0131nda! Amma \"zade\", Rodovun n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutdu\u011fu kimi, he\u00e7 n\u0259dir, sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq d\u00f6vriyy\u0259d\u0259 olan kanban kartlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131d\u0131r y\u0259ni \u00e7\u0131xartma! \u018ftrafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat \u2014 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da.<\/i><\/p>\n

4. \u0130\u015f\u0259 salma<\/b>. H\u0259r bir emalatxana (v\u0259 daha sonra \u2014 sah\u0259l\u0259r) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun detallar nomenklaturas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \"Proportionality C\u0259dv\u0259li<\/b>\u00bb. <\/p>\n

\"Rodova
\n
\n\u00abProportionality Filing\u00bb \u00fc\u00e7 raftan (h\u0259r raf bir ay) ibar\u0259t olan bir dolab idi v\u0259 ay\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259r var idi. H\u0259r \u00abay\u00bb\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259, ay\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 planlar \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsullarla g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015fdir. H\u0259r b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259, istehsal edici \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n burax\u0131lan detallar\u0131n kartlar\u0131 var. H\u0259r detal\u0131n kart\u0131, h\u0259min detal il\u0259 t\u0259chiz olunan maksimum ma\u015f\u0131n n\u00f6mr\u0259si il\u0259 uy\u011fun b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilir. Yeni bir detal partiyas\u0131n\u0131n istehsal\u0131 zaman\u0131 kartda qeyd edilir v\u0259 o, sa\u011fa, bu detal\u0131n yeni partiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259min olunan ma\u015f\u0131n n\u00f6mr\u0259si il\u0259 uy\u011fun b\u00f6lm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/p>\n

\u00abProportionality Filing\u00bb Rodova sistemind\u0259 \u0259sas, son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 sad\u0259 v\u0259 ayd\u0131n inter-\u015f\u00f6b\u0259 sinxronizasiyas\u0131, \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 idar\u0259si v\u0259 vizualla\u015fd\u0131rma obyekti idi. \u0130deoloji bax\u0131mdan, o, Kanban idar\u0259etm\u0259 l\u00f6vh\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fundur (Toyota sistemi o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 yeni yaran\u0131rd\u0131): <\/p>\n

\u2014 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik \u00abbug\u00fcn\u00bb i\u015far\u0259si sa\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr;<\/p>\n

\u2014 \u00abbug\u00fcn\u00bb\u0259 yax\u0131n olan kart (kanban) i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r (kanban istehsalata \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr), \u00abbug\u00fcn\u00bbd\u0259n sola olan kart \u2014 i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nma vaxt\u0131 ke\u00e7ib.<\/p>\n

: Sonuncunu g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, m\u0259nim hal\u0131mda, icra etdikd\u0259n sonra t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi<\/u>. Proportionality Filing ideologiyas\u0131 Kanban idar\u0259etm\u0259 l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rinin ideologiyas\u0131na b\u0259nz\u0259yir:<\/p>\n

1) detal kart\u0131 \u2014 d\u00f6vriyy\u0259d\u0259 olan bir kanband\u0131r, f\u0259rq ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, onlar istehsalata \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259dil\u0259r, yaln\u0131z istehsala ba\u015flama\u011f\u0131n laz\u0131m oldu\u011funu bildir\u0259n m\u0259lumat \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc;<\/p>\n

2) d\u00f6vriyy\u0259d\u0259 olan kanbanlar\u0131n say\u0131 \u2014 Rodova sistemind\u0259ki \u00abrezerv\u00bbdir. Y\u0259ni, N\u043e\u041f (normativ olmayan v\u0259 normaya tabe olmayan!) s\u0259viyy\u0259sidir, lakin yaln\u0131z xarici t\u0259l\u0259bd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r (o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bat illik plana b\u0259rab\u0259r idi) v\u0259 konkret bir detal\u0131n istehsal m\u0259saf\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. <\/i><\/p>\n

5. \u0130stehsal t\u0259\u015fkili<\/b>. \u00abBug\u00fcn\u00bb\u0259 yax\u0131n olan kartlar (detallar) m\u00fcvafiq sah\u0259l\u0259rin ustalar\u0131na \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Detallar\u0131n sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 birba\u015fa i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nmas\u0131, tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si \u0259vv\u0259lki b\u0259nd\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259yirdi.<\/p>\n

a. H\u0259r sah\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dolablar m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilirdi, h\u0259r biri on i\u015f yeri (10 icra\u00e7\u0131) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn. H\u0259r i\u015f yerin\u0259 (h\u0259r i\u015f\u00e7iy\u0259) dolabda, ay \u0259rzind\u0259ki i\u015f g\u00fcnl\u0259ri say\u0131na uy\u011fun b\u00f6lm\u0259 var idi. H\u0259r b\u00f6lm\u0259nin \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259, istehsalat plan\u0131, \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsullarla ifad\u0259 edilmi\u015f v\u0259 tarixl\u0259r\u0259 (b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259) uy\u011fun yerl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdi. H\u0259r b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259 spesifik i\u015f yerin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat detal kartlar\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilirdi. \u018fm\u0259liyyat detal kartlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si prinsipi, istehsal \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin proportionality filing-d\u0259ki detallar\u0131n kartlar\u0131n\u0131n yerl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si prinsipi il\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n

b. H\u0259r i\u015f\u00e7i h\u0259r ax\u015fam \u00f6z r\u0259fin\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r, (\u00f6z ba\u015f\u0131na!) sabah \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259zif\u0259 kartlar\u0131ndan tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q t\u0259rtib edir v\u0259 onu ustaya t\u0259qdim edirdi. Ustan\u0131n v\u0259zif\u0259si i\u015f yerini tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri materiallarla, al\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259, avadanl\u0131qlarla v\u0259 \u00e7ertyojlarla t\u0259min etm\u0259k idi.<\/p>\n

: Sonuncunu g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, m\u0259nim hal\u0131mda, icra etdikd\u0259n sonra t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi<\/u><\/p>\n

1. H\u0259min kanban vizual l\u00f6vh\u0259si, plus \u2014 i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin birba\u015fa \"\u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si\".<\/p>\n

2. Diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, bu c\u00fcr sxeml\u0259r yaln\u0131z g\u00fccl\u0259rin balanslanmas\u0131ndan v\u0259 hiss\u0259-\u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n (mar\u015frutlar\u0131n) i\u015f yerl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m ba\u011flanmas\u0131ndan sonra t\u0259tbiq oluna bil\u0259r. TPS il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ba\u015fqa bir paralel...<\/i><\/p>\n

6. Hesabat<\/b>. Hesabat sistemi hiss\u0259-\u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n ba\u015fa \u00e7atmas\u0131, hiss\u0259l\u0259rin sexd\u0259n sex\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti v\u0259 bu m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u0259l il\u0259, a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar, hiss\u0259-\u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n v\u0259 hiss\u0259l\u0259rin hesabat kartlar\u0131na daxil edilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. Bu arada, kartlarda saxlan\u0131lan \u0259sas m\u0259lumat anbar m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 deyil, amma n\u00f6vb\u0259ti ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsulun s\u0131ra n\u00f6mr\u0259si m\u0259lumat\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, hesabat prosedurlar\u0131 m\u00fcasir hesablamalar\u0131n \u0130T sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \"adi\" idi. Lakin bu \"adi\" prosedurlar 1961-ci ild\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r! <\/p>\n

7. \u00dcmumi monitorinq<\/b> \u0259sas istehsalat sexl\u0259rinin i\u015finin biri sad\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259ntiqi vizual formas\u0131nda apar\u0131l\u0131r, \"Proporcionality Qrafiki<\/b>\u201c. Onun \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di \u2014 \u0259sas istehsalat sexl\u0259rinin v\u0259 \u201cyard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131\u201d b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rin montaj sexl\u0259ri il\u0259 ritm bax\u0131m\u0131ndan nec\u0259 sinxron i\u015fl\u0259diyini n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirm\u0259kdir. H\u0259r sex \"D\u00fczg\u00fcn-Zaman\u0131nda\" istehsal etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r, y\u0259ni h\u0259r sexin boz zola\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259rti m\u0259hsullar \u201cbug\u00fcn\u201d tarixini \u0259ks etdirm\u0259lidir. Bu arada, ba\u011flanmam\u0131\u015f son m\u0259hsul, sexin \u0259n az\u0131 bir detal il\u0259 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f m\u0259hsuldur. H\u0259r b\u00f6lm\u0259nin \u201cbug\u00fcn\u201d g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259n geri d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si g\u00fcnd\u0259lik m\u00f6vqel\u0259r kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir \u2013 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 r\u0259smd\u0259. <\/p>\n

\"Rodova
\n
\nAl\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r \u201cPlan-\u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015f-Ritm\u201d, A.Rodov, D.Krutyansky. Rostov Kitab N\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131, 1964.
\nEynil\u0259, h\u0259r bir sah\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 ox\u015far qrafikl\u0259r qurulurdu. <\/i><\/p>\n

8. Sisteminin son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli elementi \u2014 i\u015f\u00e7inin \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131n\u0131n<\/b> v\u0259 montaj c\u0259dv\u0259li il\u0259 sinxron istehsal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn motivasiyan\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259sidir. D\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r sad\u0259, lakin prinsipiald\u0131r: sexin \u00fcmumi \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131 c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259 geri qalma g\u00fcnl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259nasib olaraq azal\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: 1 g\u00fcn geri qalma \u2014 1% azalma. Sonra \u2013 c\u0259dv\u0259ld\u0259n geri qalan b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131 azal\u0131r, daha sonra \u2013 konkret icra\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 v\u0259 vizualla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 h\u0259m \u0130TR, h\u0259m d\u0259 OPR sexl\u0259ri ist\u0259nil\u0259n g\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259m\u0259k haqlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r itir\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini g\u00f6r\u0259 bilirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Rodov Sisteminin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/h3>\n

\nRodova Sistemi, ya da Novocherkasskaya S\u00fcrekli Operasyonel Planlama Sistemi, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi genelinde h\u0131zla yayg\u0131nl\u0131k kazand\u0131 - baz\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re en az 1500 i\u015fletme bunu kulland\u0131.Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapacak olursak, \u015fu anda \u00fcretim planlamas\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in MRP-II veya TPS \u00fcretim y\u00f6netimi ilkelerini kullanan fabrikalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ele alal\u0131m!<\/i>) Ve bunda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fey yok, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rodova Sistemi, fabrikalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n y\u00f6netim \u00f6zellikleri ve d\u0131\u015f talep \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak tasarland\u0131. Bu arada, TPS yeni geli\u015fme a\u015famas\u0131ndayken ve ERP sistemlerini hayal etmek zor oldu\u011funda, Rodova, en iyi Lean planlama ilkelerine kendili\u011finden ula\u015ft\u0131 ve modern ERP sistemlerinin \u00abdo\u011fru\u00bb muhasebe ideolojisini (bilgisayars\u0131z!) kurdu. Evet, Rodova, gereksizlikle sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in do\u011frudan bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmedi, ancak ritmik olmayan d\u00f6nemsel planlama ve \u00fcretimdeki bu t\u00fcr \u00abstoklar\u00bb ba\u015fka nerede var? \u00abStoklar\u00bb, hala ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini kaybetmemi\u015ftir.
\n\u2003
\nAncak, Rodova Sistemi, b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir yap\u0131 olarak \u00fcretim y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015famad\u0131. Sistem, yerle\u015fmi\u015f produksiyonlar i\u00e7in, d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olmayan yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi s\u00fcre\u00e7leri i\u00e7in \u00abkesildi\u00bb ve son derece verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131; d\u0131\u015f talep olduk\u00e7a istikrarl\u0131 ve belirgin oldu\u011funda. Post-perestroyka sanayi krizinde ve y\u00f6netici ve m\u00fchendis kayb\u0131nda, Rodova Sistemi ters y\u00f6nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131: \u00fcretime kar\u015f\u0131. Ve, sistemde bir\u00e7ok rezerv olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, o d\u00f6nemde sisteme uyum sa\u011flanacak \u00abyeni Rodova\u00bb bulunamad\u0131. Olaylar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten temelde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi bir zamand\u0131. puzigiyalar<\/i> y\u00f6netici ve teknik kadro kayb\u0131, Rodova Sistemi'nin tam ters y\u00f6nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu. Ve, sistemde bir\u00e7ok rezerv olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, o d\u00f6nemde sisteme uyum sa\u011flayacak \u00abyeni Rodova\u00bb ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Zira \u015fartlar ger\u00e7ekten de k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fim ge\u00e7irdi. <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Pazar talebi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, bununla birlikte sabit ve bir \u015fekilde tahmin edilebilir bir \u00fcretim plan\u0131 olu\u015fturamad\u0131k. <\/li>\n
  2. M\u00fc\u015fteri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, kendi \u00f6zel gereksinimleri ile, bununla birlikte - bitmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve modifikasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck serilere ge\u00e7ilmesi veya tekil \u00fcretim ve temele g\u00f6re sipari\u015f \u00fczerine modifiye edilmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretilmesi gereksinimi belirdi. <\/li>\n
  3. Rakipler, hem Bat\u0131l\u0131 hem de Do\u011fulu, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar, bu da h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn nesil de\u011fi\u015fimi, h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015ftirme ve yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnleri pazara s\u00fcrme gereksinimi yaratt\u0131.<\/li>\n
  4. Bu belirsizliklerin sonucunda - bir\u00e7ok modifikasyon ve m\u00fchendislik de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/li>\n
  5. Sonu\u00e7 olarak - belirli bir ko\u015fullu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn gerekli planlama ufkunu belirleme, ko\u015fullu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretim plan\u0131 ile belirli tarihlere ba\u011flama imk\u00e2n\u0131 kayboldu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nD\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 Rodov sisteminin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti o n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131 ki, sat\u0131n al\u0131nan \/ istehsal edil\u0259n 90% ehtiyatlar MTS anbarlar\u0131nda \/ istehsalat zavodlar\u0131nda qal\u0131b, bu da bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u2013 maliyy\u0259 hesabatlar\u0131nda \u00abaktivl\u0259rin\u00bb yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl t\u00f6hf\u0259 verir v\u0259 eyni zamanda sifari\u015fl\u0259rin yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si m\u00fcdd\u0259tl\u0259rinin pozulmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. <\/p>\n

    : Sonuncunu g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, m\u0259nim hal\u0131mda, icra etdikd\u0259n sonra t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi<\/u>Rodov Sisteminin \u00abehtiyatlar\u0131\u00bb istehsal sah\u0259l\u0259rimizin beyinl\u0259rin\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259rin k\u00f6k sal\u0131b ki, h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 bir \u00e7ox zavodlar istehsalda \u00abehtiyatlar\u0131\u00bb normala salma\u011fa, yaratma\u011fa, izl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, \u00abehtiyatla\u00bb i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k, \u00abseriya ba\u011flamaq\u00bb, deqlosiz ma\u015f\u0131n d\u0259stl\u0259rini PDO \/ PROSK-a y\u0131\u011fma zavodunun anbar\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131b. V\u0259 daxili istehsal idar\u0259etm\u0259 \u00abelmi\u00bb h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 \u00abM\u00fcasir istehsal\u0131n \u0130dar\u0259edilm\u0259si\u00bb adl\u0131 toplu adla yeni n\u0259\u015frl\u0259r buraxmaqdad\u0131r (v\u0259, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, bilikl\u0259ri), burada ehtiyatlara v\u0259 onlar\u0131n hesablanma metodlar\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck rol verilir. <\/p>\n

    Bir daha: Rodov Sisteminin \u00abehtiyatlar\u0131\u00bb ehtiyat deyil, Ncp-nin norma deyil, azalmayan qal\u0131q deyil. Bu, konkret bir detal\u0131n daha \u0259vv\u0259l haz\u0131rlanan vaxt\u0131n\u0131 say\u0131sal ifad\u0259 il\u0259 ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n, onun \u00abtam zaman\u0131nda\u00bb montaja t\u0259qdimat\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 hesablanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r!
    \nM\u0259hz bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259, olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 itir\u0259n v\u0259 yeni he\u00e7 n\u0259 yaratmayan \u0130stehsal Planla\u015fd\u0131rma Sisteml\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fc v\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r zavodlar\u0131m\u0131zda, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi, postsovet zavodlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131xmay\u0131blar. Bunun \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259: kimisi ERP sisteml\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 MRP-II \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259y\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131lma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, kimisi is\u0259 kanban v\u0259 just-in-time idar\u0259etm\u0259 metodlar\u0131na baxaraq, bunun \u00e7\u0259tin oldu\u011funu ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, kimisi - b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 u\u011fursuz olmadan - \u00f6z sisteml\u0259rini istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, kimisi \u2013 bunlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti, idar\u0259etm\u0259ni sat\u0131\u015f \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k - sonuncular \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 hiss\u0259-hiss\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k haqq\u0131 il\u0259.<\/i><\/p>\n

    Rodov Sistemi. \u0130kinci do\u011fu\u015f.<\/h3>\n

    \nAmma v\u0259ziyy\u0259t, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n bazar, d\u0259yi\u015fir. \u0130ndi m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tli m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259ri, m\u0259hsullar\u0131na sabit t\u0259l\u0259bat var v\u0259 yaln\u0131z sabah\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259r\u0259k ya\u015fam\u0131rlar. Lean ideyalar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259lilik u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rin yaln\u0131z istehsal\u0131nda daha kompetent olduqlar\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131 buraxma\u011fa diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flamas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. V\u0259 baxmayaraq ki, modifikasiya say\u0131 azalm\u0131r, bu art\u0131q, \u0259n az\u0131ndan, \u00ab\u00fct\u00fcl\u0259rin v\u0259 helikopterl\u0259rin\u00bb istehsal\u0131 deyil. <\/p>\n

    V\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r Rodov sistemi bu q\u0259d\u0259r dahi idis\u0259, ki, m\u0259n c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 iddia edir\u0259m ki, bel\u0259dir, niy\u0259 onu yenil\u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 b\u0259zi istehsal n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131nda istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259k? X\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259, Rodov bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 inki\u015faf rezervl\u0259rini, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n daxili v\u0259 xarici istehsal m\u00fchitinin b\u00f6y\u00fck qeyri-sabitlik \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k imkan\u0131n\u0131 daxil edib.
    \nRodova sisteminin inki\u015faf\u0131, IT texnologiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 Lean\/TOS al\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u2014 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da.<\/p>\n

    1. \u015e\u0259xsi m\u0259hsul<\/b>. \u015e\u0259xsi m\u0259hsul, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi m\u0259nada, aradan qalxmal\u0131d\u0131r. Onun \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 \u2014 spesifik sifari\u015f strukturu olan sifari\u015f m\u0259hsul (sifari\u015f), h\u0259r hans\u0131 birini v\u0259 ya eyni zamanda bunu (bu, t\u0259l\u0259bin konfiqurasiyas\u0131ndan v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259nin istehsal etdiyi m\u0259hsuldan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r) arzu etdiyiniz kimi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz. g\u00fcnl\u00fck-komplekt<\/b> (g\u00fcnd\u0259lik istehsal) v\u0259 ya takt-komplekt<\/b>. Y\u0259ni, istehsal olunan m\u0259hsul (m\u0259hsul qruplar\u0131) g\u00fcnd\u0259lik v\u0259 ya bu m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015f takt \u00fczr\u0259 istehsal olunur.<\/p>\n

    2. \u0130stehsal c\u0259dv\u0259li y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 qrafiki \u2014 sifari\u015f (sifari\u015f m\u0259hsul) v\u0259 haz\u0131r olunma tarixi \u00fczr\u0259dir. V\u0259 ya g\u00fcn (takt) komplekti, haz\u0131rl\u0131q tarixin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> 3. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 \u2013 \" <\/p>\n

    fondlar\". Fondlardan, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 istehsal c\u0259dv\u0259lini montaj tarixin\u0259 normalla\u015fd\u0131rmaqdan \u2014 imtina edirik. Onlar\u0131 dinamik (y\u0259ni, davaml\u0131) il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z edirik<\/i>planlaman\u0131n , \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259si dinamik vaxt\u0131n ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015fini hesablamad\u0131r (m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq planlama), istehsal c\u0259dv\u0259li, burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131. Rodova Sistemind\u0259 planlama dem\u0259k olar ki, m\u00f6vcud deyildi, \u00e7\u00fcnki xarici v\u0259 daxili \u015f\u0259rait yava\u015f d\u0259yi\u015fdi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, ax\u0131n\u0131 yaratd\u0131qda, \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259 onun d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 monitorinqidir. Haz\u0131rda v\u0259ziyy\u0259t - f\u0259rqlidir. Daxili v\u0259 xarici v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r d\u0259yi\u015fir v\u0259 \u00e7ox s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259. (Yenid\u0259n) planlama h\u0259r g\u00fcn yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259lidir. Bununla proqram-texniki vasit\u0259l\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131r.<\/b>Planlama konsepsiyas\u0131 h\u0259r bir m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259nin biznes ehtiyaclar\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r, lakin onun \u00fcmumi elementl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin\u0259n bel\u0259dir. <\/p>\n

    a. H\u0259r bir istehsal c\u0259dv\u0259li elementi \u2014 sifari\u015f (sifari\u015f m\u0259hsul) ayr\u0131ca planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, haz\u0131r m\u0259hsuldan \u201ca\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d v\u0259 \u201csola\u201d, spesifikasiyaya v\u0259 montaj d\u00f6vr\u00fc c\u0259dv\u0259lin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n. H\u0259r bir detal, d\u00fcy\u00fcn v\u0259 ya material\u0131n ba\u015f sifari\u015f il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qoruyaraq. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259, h\u0259r bir emalatxana istehsal etm\u0259li olduqlar\u0131 detallar\u0131n sifari\u015fini g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k, v\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259, h\u0259r bir sifari\u015f is\u0259 onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istehsal olunan konkret detallar\u0131n nec\u0259 istehsal olundu\u011funu \u201cg\u00f6r\u0259c\u0259k\u201d. Bu \u2014 m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259rinin sifari\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanan istehsal\u0131n \"direktiv\" plan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Kapasitelerin hesablanmas\u0131nda \u015f\u0259rh. M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259nin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq, planla\u015fd\u0131rma zaman\u0131 kapasiteler n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaya bil\u0259r (bu halda takt vaxt\u0131 m\u0259hsul qruplar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 hesablan\u0131r v\u0259 takt \u00fczr\u0259 kapasitelerin balanslanmas\u0131 icra olunur, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Lean al\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259) v\u0259 ya planla\u015fd\u0131rma m\u00f6vcud resurslar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n optimizasiya alqoritml\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259. <\/p>\n

    \"Rodova
    \n
    \nT\u0259chizat g\u00fccl\u0259rinin hesablanmas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh. M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259nin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq, planla\u015fd\u0131rmada g\u00fccl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaya bil\u0259r (bu halda m\u0259hsul qruplar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 takt vaxt\u0131 hesablan\u0131r v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259rin t\u0259kc\u0259 takt \u00fczr\u0259 balansla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 apar\u0131l\u0131r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Lean al\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259), ya da planla\u015fd\u0131rma m\u00f6vcud resurslar n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131naraq, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n optimalla\u015fd\u0131rma alqoritml\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir.<\/i><\/p>\n

    b. Eyni tip m\u0259hsullar\u0131n istehsal\u0131 v\u0259 yar\u0131-stabillik istehsal c\u0259dv\u0259li hal\u0131nda, elektron kanbanlarla \u00e7\u0259kili\u015f sxemi il\u0259 \"rezervl\u0259r\" idar\u0259 etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu, \"\u00e7\u0259km\u0259-it\u0259l\u0259m\u0259\" planla\u015fd\u0131rma sxeminin realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r, \"drum-buffer-rope\" alqoritml\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilir v\u0259 TOC-nin r\u0259ngli siqnalizasiya sistemini \u0259hat\u0259 edir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u015f\u0259kil\u0259 bax\u0131n. <\/p>\n

    \"Rodova
    \n
    \n4. Proportionality C\u0259dv\u0259li<\/b>. Avtomatik planla\u015fd\u0131rmadan sonra (ya da m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti anbar\u0131n doldurulmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \"kanban\" avtomatik yarad\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra) h\u0259r bir sex\/hiss\u0259\/i\u015f\u00e7i yeri h\u0259m istehsal plan\u0131n\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 spesifik sifari\u015fl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn konkret detallar\u0131n i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama plan\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r - elektron formatda \"propor\u00e7ional kartoteka\" (\u0130\u015f\u0259 salma<\/b> \u2013 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u015f\u0259kil\u0259 bax\u0131n). Ehtiyacdan daha b\u00f6y\u00fck bir say\u0131 i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama plan\u0131 h\u0259r bir sex\/hiss\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edil\u0259n \"i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259si\" zaman\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u00fcayin\u0259 olunur. Avtomatik \u00e7\u0259kili\u015f siqnallar\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda - i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama plan\u0131, yaln\u0131z m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti anbar\u0131 doldurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131lan kanbanlarla m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu \"elektron kartoteka\"da \"m\u0259hsul kart\u0131\" rolunu elektron kanban kart\u0131 oynay\u0131r, \u00e7ap olunan (\u015ftrix-kodla) v\u0259 i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama siqnal\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t s\u0259n\u0259di v\u0259 mar\u015frut kart\u0131n\u0131n analoqu (ya da tam uy\u011funlu\u011fu) rolunu oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \"Rodova
    \n
    \n5. \u0130stehsal t\u0259\u015fkili<\/b>. \u018fn yax\u015f\u0131 halda, bu, Rodova Sistemin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259r bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259 bil\u0259r: h\u0259r bir i\u015f\u00e7i yeri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama plan\u0131 formala\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 elektron formatda d\u0259rc olunur. \u0130\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama plan\u0131 yuxar\u0131da t\u0259qdim olunanlarla ox\u015fard\u0131r, lakin detallar v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar (ya da hiss\u0259l\u0259rin giri\u015fl\u0259ri, y\u0259ni - \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n qruplar\u0131) il\u0259 qeyd olunur, istehsal\u0131n haz\u0131r olma r\u0259ng siqnal\u0131 (texnologiya prosesi\/\u00c7P\u00dc proqram\u0131, al\u0259t, avadanl\u0131q, materiallar\/xammal v\u0259 ya \u0259vv\u0259lki hiss\u0259d\u0259n yar\u0131\u00e7\u0131q m\u0259hsulun m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu). Sonra ya hiss\u0259 ustas\u0131, ya da birba\u015fa icra\u00e7\u0131, m\u00f6vcud olan i\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flama p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259n v\u0259 t\u0259minat\u0131ndan kanban\u0131 (ya da sovet kanban\u0131n\u0131n analoqu - mar\u015frut kart\u0131n\u0131) \u00e7ap edir v\u0259 istehsala ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu variantda \"\u0130\u015f yerl\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 \u0130stifad\u0259y\u0259 G\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259\" sexin\/hiss\u0259nin d\u00fcz monitorunda, ya da touch-screen-l\u0259rl\u0259, mobil v\u0259 kommunal xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259 terminallar\u0131na ox\u015far bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u00f6vcud edilir. Sonuncu halda i\u015f\u00e7i, \u00f6z m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na giri\u015fini, maqnit ke\u00e7idi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

    6. Hesabat<\/b> i\u015fl\u0259rin yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t (z\u0259ruri olduqda) detallar\u0131n sah\u0259l\u0259r \/ sexl\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si barkodla\u015fd\u0131rma, sah\u0259d\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n kanban v\u0259 ya mar\u015frut kartlar\u0131n\u0131n skan edil\u0259r\u0259k h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. H\u0259m\u00e7inin \/ ya - m\u0259lumat\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i \/ icra\u00e7\u0131 \/ n\u0259zar\u0259t\u00e7i t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \"\u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f terminallar\u0131\" vasit\u0259sil\u0259 daxil edilm\u0259si il\u0259. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n qeydiyyat\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 \u0259m\u0259k x\u0259rcl\u0259rini \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 azald\u0131r v\u0259 istehsal plan\u0131n\u0131n yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259k operativliyi v\u0259 etibarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir - m\u0259lumat daxil edildiyi anda avtomatik olaraq \"sifari\u015fl\u0259rin \/ takt komplektl\u0259rinin\" \"\u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f\" hesablamas\u0131 icra edilir v\u0259 \"Ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\" (yuxar\u0131da bax\u0131n) v\u0259 \"Sinkronluq\" (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bax\u0131n) \u00fczr\u0259 m\u0259lumat vizualla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, bu halda h\u0259r bir icra\u00e7\u0131, n\u00f6vb\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259ri d\u0259rhal g\u00f6r\u00fcr v\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n g\u00fcnd\u0259 y\u0131\u011fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 pul (n\u00f6vb\u0259li v\u0259 ya m\u00fckafat sistemin\u0259 \u0259saslanan \u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259) g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    7. Monitoring<\/b>.<\/p>\n

    a. H\u0259r g\u00fcn, istehsal tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si fakt\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n istehsal plan\u0131n\u0131n \"hesablama\" versiyas\u0131 yaran\u0131r, prinsip olaraq: fakt + qalan i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc (vaxt).<\/p>\n

    b. \"Proportionall\u0131q c\u0259dv\u0259li\", y\u0259ni \"Sinkronluq\" - sexl\u0259rin i\u015f takt\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas n\u0259zar\u0259t al\u0259tidir - \"proportionall\u0131q c\u0259dv\u0259lind\u0259\" (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da) \"direktiv\" v\u0259 \"hesablanan\" plan\u0131n m\u00fcqayis\u0259si yolu il\u0259 in\u015fa olunur.<\/p>\n

    \"Rodova
    \n
    \nc. V\u0259, istehsal t\u0259dar\u00fck\u00fc z\u0259ncirinin daxili t\u0259dar\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda daima analiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha inc\u0259 bir al\u0259t - \"T\u0259dar\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc statusu\". <\/p>\n

    \"Rodova
    \n<\/p>\n

    N\u0259tic\u0259<\/h3>\n

    \nYuxar\u0131da g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n sistem, Planlama v\u0259 N\u0259zar\u0259t Sistemi ad\u0131n\u0131 alaraq, komandam\u0131z t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u0259rzind\u0259 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 2009-cu ill\u0259 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f forma v\u0259 metodologiya qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti il, istehsal planlama m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 daha yax\u015f\u0131 h\u0259ll yollar\u0131 axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yenid\u0259n Rodova Sistemini k\u0259\u015ff etdik. Bunun ard\u0131nca \"Ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\" ( <\/p>\n

    T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, yuxar\u0131da t\u0259qdim olunan planla\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t konsepsiyas\u0131, Rodova Sisteminin elementl\u0259ri il\u0259, yenid\u0259n \u015f\u00fcurland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 yeni idar\u0259etm\u0259 metodlar\u0131n\u0131n bazas\u0131na qoyulmu\u015f olaraq, \u0259n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b istehsalatlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259tbiq oluna bil\u0259r v\u0259 u\u011furla istifad\u0259 oluna bil\u0259r. Daha sad\u0259 halda \u2014 h\u0259ll daha asan, daha s\u00fcr\u0259tli v\u0259 ideal olaraq \u2014 'qabdan birba\u015fa' (indiki m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bu m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259yirik). \u00dcst\u0259lik, bu sistem \u00f6z m\u00fc\u0259sis\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n icra oluna bil\u0259r - Rodova sisteminin ilkin versiyas\u0131 kimi. Amma burada ad\u0259t\u0259n mane\u0259 yaradan, m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq g\u00fcc\u0259 v\u0259 anlay\u0131\u015fa malik olan, orta m\u00fcdirlik s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 iddialar olan N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259dir v\u0259 \u0259n sonuncusu - istehsalat m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin \u00fcmumi s\u0259viyy\u0259sidir. \u0130lk iki \u015f\u0259rt \u2014 u\u011fur \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m v\u0259 kifay\u0259tdir, sonuncu is\u0259 yeni sistem\u0259 ke\u00e7id zaman\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. <\/p>\n

    T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, birinci, ikinci v\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259rin indiki durumu \u2014 1961-ci ilin Rodova v\u0259 Krutyan\u0131n s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259n (s\u0259tirl\u0259r aras\u0131nda) \u00e7ox a\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259z\u0259dir, amma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259kar r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259r ciddi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, istehsalat m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, m\u0259hsul t\u0259rkibl\u0259ri v\u0259 anbarlarda\/istehsalatda elementar hesabdan tutmu\u015f, emalatxana v\u0259 \u00fcmumi istehsalat idar\u0259etm\u0259si metodlar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r, daima \u00e7at\u0131\u015fm\u0131r. \u00dcmid ed\u0259k v\u0259 bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015faq ki, bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yen\u0259 d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259c\u0259k. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, yuxar\u0131da t\u0259svir olunan metodlar\u0131n dir\u00e7\u0259li\u015fi d\u0259.
    \n
    M\u0259nb\u0259:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0421.\u0412., sergey.piterkin@rightstep.ru \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u2014 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u00ab\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439. \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 IT \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 ERP \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 MRP-II \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438\u00bb APS \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u00bb, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0437\u0430\u00bb \u043d\u0438\u0445; \u00ab\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u00bb \u2014 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Davaml\u0131 istehsal planla\u015fd\u0131rma sistemi Rodova \u2014 1961-ci ilin sovet Lean-ERP-si. 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