{"id":53278,"date":"2019-11-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-27T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/9-podhodov-dlya-vyyavleniya-anomalij"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:10","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:10","slug":"9-podhodov-dlya-vyyavleniya-anomalij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/az\/blog\/news\/9-podhodov-dlya-vyyavleniya-anomalij","title":{"rendered":"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/477206\/\">ke\u00e7\u0259n m\u0259qal\u0259mizd\u0259<\/a><\/noindex> Biz zaman ke\u00e7id ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259 etdik. M\u0259ntiqi davam\u0131 anomaliyan\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bir m\u0259qal\u0259 olacaq. <\/p>\n<h3>\u0130stifad\u0259<\/h3>\n<p>\nAnomaliyan\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur: <\/p>\n<h3>1) Avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nasazl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>\nBel\u0259 ki, 2010-cu ild\u0259 \u0130randak\u0131 m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rin centrifuqalar\u0131 Stuxnet virusu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u00fccuma m\u0259ruz qald\u0131, bu da avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n qeyri-optimal i\u015f rejimini ortaya \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sini s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131. <\/p>\n<p>\u018fg\u0259r avadanl\u0131qda anomaliyan\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si algoritml\u0259ri istifad\u0259 olunsayd\u0131, nasazl\u0131q v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olard\u0131. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/ea0ea13fb9d18be333eaeb43cbd0fadc.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nAvadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 anomaliyan\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si yaln\u0131z atom s\u0259nayesind\u0259 deyil, metallurgiyada, hava turbinalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 d\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bilm\u0259y\u0259n nasazl\u0131qlar zaman\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn itkil\u0259rin daha ucuz oldu\u011fu dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259.<\/p>\n<h3>2) F\u0131r\u0131ldaq\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u018fg\u0259r siz Podolskda istifad\u0259 etdiyiniz kartdan Albaniyada pul \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131rsa, y\u0259qin ki, \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 yoxlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Anomal istehlak\u00e7\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u018fg\u0259r m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ril\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si anormal davran\u0131\u015f g\u00f6st\u0259rirs\u0259, ehtimal olunur ki, g\u00fcnd\u0259lik i\u015finizd\u0259 bilm\u0259diyiniz bir problem var.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Anormal t\u0259l\u0259b v\u0259 y\u00fck\u00fcn a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u018fg\u0259r FMCG ma\u011fazas\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015flar proqnozun etimad intervallar\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rs\u0259, ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259nin s\u0259b\u0259bini tapmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Anomaliyan\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si yana\u015fmalar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>1) T\u0259k sinifli D\u0259st\u0259k Vektor Metodu - One-Class SVM<\/h3>\n<p>\nBu metod normal paylanma il\u0259 olan t\u0259lim d\u0259stin\u0259 uy\u011fun g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 v\u0259 test d\u0259stind\u0259 anomaliyalara sahib olduqda uy\u011fundur.<\/p>\n<p>T\u0259k sinifli d\u0259st\u0259k vektoru metodu koordinatlar\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c \u0259traf\u0131nda qeyri-x\u0259tti bir s\u0259thi qurur. Anomaliyal\u0131 hesab edil\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n k\u0259sici s\u0259rh\u0259dini t\u0259yin etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>DATA4 komandam\u0131z\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq, One-Class SVM anomaliyalar\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunan algoritmdir. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/2a9a33456ce1a96e89dfde27cdd84428.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>2) \u0130zolyasiya me\u015f\u0259si metodu - isolate forest<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u201cT\u0259sad\u00fcfi\u201d a\u011faclar\u0131n qurulma \u00fcsulu il\u0259, \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131lar erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 (a\u011fac\u0131n az d\u0259rinliyind\u0259) yarpaqlara d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259k, y\u0259ni \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u201cizolyasiya\u201d etm\u0259k daha asan olacaq. Anomaliyal\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259si algoritman\u0131n ilk iterasiyalar\u0131nda ba\u015f verir.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/5a8023f2ec0c68ee554c8fea70982d97.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>3) Elliptik qapaq v\u0259 statistik metodlar<\/h3>\n<p>\nM\u0259lumatlar normal paylanma olduqda istifad\u0259 olunub. \u00d6l\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259r paylanmalar\u0131n quyru\u011funa daha yax\u0131n olduqda, d\u0259y\u0259r o q\u0259d\u0259r anormald\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sinf\u0259 dig\u0259r statistik metodlar da daxildir.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/049b2ea6236b6c1b70a4a976251099fe.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/d7b47d7ab35ae001ab924509d9f52362.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>dyakonov.org sayt\u0131ndan \u015f\u0259kil<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>4) Metrik metodlar<\/h3>\n<p>\nMetodlara k \u0259n yax\u0131n qon\u015fu, ABOD (bucaq \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131 a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si) v\u0259 ya LOF (lokal \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131 faktoru) kimi algoritmlar\u0131 daxildir.<\/p>\n<p>Uygun g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259, x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259saf\u0259l\u0259r b\u0259rab\u0259rdir yaxud normalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (y\u0259ni boa il\u0259 papaq saymaq ist\u0259m\u0259sin). <\/p>\n<p>K \u0259n yax\u0131n qon\u015fular alqoritmi normal d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin \u00e7oxlu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc m\u00fcy\u0259ss\u0259ustun bir sah\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyini, anomaliyalar\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259riyy\u0259 c\u0259dv\u0259lin\u0259 olan m\u0259saf\u0259nin is\u0259 ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hiperplandan daha b\u00f6y\u00fck oldu\u011funu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/4759e0c1f2b858adbbccc04e8d337932.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>5) Klaster metodlar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>\nKlaster metodlar\u0131n\u0131n mahiyy\u0259ti ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, \u0259g\u0259r d\u0259y\u0259r klaster m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259n daha uzaqdad\u0131rsa, bu d\u0259y\u0259r anomaliya kimi q\u0259bul edilm\u0259lidir. <\/p>\n<p>\u018fsas m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259, veril\u0259nl\u0259rin d\u00fczg\u00fcn klasterl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini t\u0259min ed\u0259n alqoritmd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kdir, bu is\u0259 konkret tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qdan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/89ee7d8f70e0a66672c9859296eed2d7.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>6) \u018fsas komponentl\u0259rin metodu<\/h3>\n<p>\nVaryans\u0131n \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rini ay\u0131rd ed\u0259n yerl\u0259rd\u0259 uy\u011fundur.<\/p>\n<h3>7) Vaxt seriyalar\u0131n\u0131n proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda alqoritml\u0259r<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u0130deya ondad\u0131r ki, \u0259g\u0259r d\u0259y\u0259r proqnozla\u015fd\u0131rma g\u00fcv\u0259n intervallar\u0131ndan k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rsa, bu d\u0259y\u0259r anomaliya hesab olunur. Vaxt seriyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn proqnozla\u015fd\u0131rma alqoritml\u0259ri kimi \u00fc\u00e7qat yum\u015fatma, S(ARIMA), boosting v\u0259 s. istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n<p>Vaxt seriyas\u0131n\u0131n proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 alqoritml\u0259ri \u0259vv\u0259lki m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/5dc3bcee7f7b1e9bacc108e5300181b5.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>8) M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 (regressiya, t\u0259snifat)<\/h3>\n<p>\n\u018fg\u0259r veril\u0259nl\u0259r imkan verirs\u0259, x\u0259tti regressiyadan ba\u015flayaraq rekurent \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r alqoritml\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirik. Proqnoz v\u0259 faktiki d\u0259y\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rqi \u00f6l\u00e7\u0259c\u0259yik v\u0259 veril\u0259nl\u0259rin normadan n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259c\u0259yik. Alqoritmin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 malik olmas\u0131, \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 d\u0259stinin anomaliyal\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n ay\u0131rd edilm\u0259si vacibdir.<\/p>\n<h3>9) Model testl\u0259ri<\/h3>\n<p>\nAnomaliyalar\u0131 tapma m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131 kimi yana\u015faca\u011f\u0131q. X\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r matrisimizi SVD v\u0259 ya faktorla\u015fd\u0131rma ma\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 il\u0259 par\u00e7alayaca\u011f\u0131q, yeni matrisd\u0259ki d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 orijinaldan f\u0259rql\u0259ndikd\u0259 anomaliyal\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul ed\u0259c\u0259yik. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9 yana tapma \u00fcsulu\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/32bb36c5fd31d113de3351fdc1bcd022.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<i>dyakonov.org sayt\u0131ndan \u015f\u0259kil<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>N\u0259tic\u0259<\/h3>\n<p>\nBu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 anomaliyalar\u0131n a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas yana\u015fmalar\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259 etdik. <\/p>\n<p>Anomaliyalar\u0131n a\u015fkar edilm\u0259si \u00e7oxluqla bir s\u0259n\u0259t kimi q\u0259bul edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259ll ed\u0259n ideal alqoritm v\u0259 ya yana\u015fma yoxdur. M\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti metodlar\u0131n bir kombinasiyas\u0131 daha \u00e7ox spesifik hal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur. Anomaliyalar\u0131n a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 t\u0259k sinifli podpor vektorlar\u0131, izolyasiya me\u015f\u0259si, metrik v\u0259 klaster metodlar\u0131, \u0259sas komponentl\u0259r v\u0259 vaxt seriyalar\u0131n\u0131n proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u018fg\u0259r dig\u0259r metodlar\u0131 bilirsinizs\u0259, m\u0259qal\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh yaz\u0131n.<br \/>\n<br \/>M\u0259nb\u0259: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/477450\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432. \u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a: 1) \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0432 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0418\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c Stuxnet, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - 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