{"id":101191,"date":"2021-09-05T10:22:35","date_gmt":"2021-09-05T08:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-openwrt-21-02-0"},"modified":"2021-09-05T10:22:35","modified_gmt":"2021-09-05T08:22:35","slug":"vypusk-openwrt-21-02-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/vypusk-openwrt-21-02-0","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OpenWrt 21.02.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byla p\u0159edstavena nov\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 verze distribuce OpenWrt 21.02.0, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na pou\u017eit\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, jako jsou routery, switche a p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 body. OpenWrt podporuje \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum r\u016fzn\u00fdch platforem a architektur a disponuje syst\u00e9mem sestaven\u00ed, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje snadnou a pohodlnou k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovou kompilaci, v\u010detn\u011b integrace r\u016fzn\u00fdch komponent, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed firmware p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm \u00fakol\u016fm nebo obrazu disku se \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm souborem p\u0159edinstalovan\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. Sestavy jsou sestaveny pro 36 c\u00edlov\u00fdch platforem.         <\/p>\n<p>Mezi zm\u011bnami v OpenWrt 21.02.0 se uv\u00e1d\u00ed:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly zv\u00fd\u0161eny minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavky na hardware. Ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed, kv\u016fli zapnut\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch podsystem\u016f j\u00e1dra Linux pro pou\u017eit\u00ed OpenWrt, nyn\u00ed vy\u017eaduje za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s 8 MB Flash a 64 MB RAM. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby si v\u0161ak lze st\u00e1le sestavit vlastn\u00ed zjednodu\u0161enou verzi, kter\u00e1 bude moci pracovat na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch s 4 MB Flash a 32 MB RAM, ale funk\u010dnost takov\u00e9 sestavy bude omezen\u00e1 a stabilita nebude zaru\u010dena.\n<li class=\"l\"> V z\u00e1kladn\u00edm dod\u00e1n\u00ed jsou zahrnuty bal\u00ed\u010dky pro podporu technologie ochrany bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed WPA3, kter\u00e1 je nyn\u00ed k dispozici ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed jak v klientsk\u00e9m re\u017eimu, tak p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9ho bodu. WPA3 poskytuje ochranu p\u0159ed \u00fatoky pokus\u016f o uh\u00e1dnut\u00ed hesla (neumo\u017e\u0148uje pokusy o uh\u00e1dnut\u00ed hesla v offline re\u017eimu) a aktivuje protokol autentizace SAE. Mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed WPA3 je zaji\u0161t\u011bna ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b ovlada\u010d\u016f pro bezdr\u00e1tov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> V z\u00e1kladn\u00edm dod\u00e1n\u00ed je standardn\u011b zahrnuta podpora TLS a HTTPS, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k webov\u00e9mu rozhran\u00ed LuCI p\u0159es HTTPS a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f, jako je wget a opkg, pro z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed p\u0159es \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly. Servery, skrze kter\u00e9 jsou distribuov\u00e1ny bal\u00ed\u010dky stahovan\u00e9 p\u0159es opkg, jsou tak\u00e9 ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed p\u0159evedeny na poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed p\u0159es HTTPS. Knihovna mbedTLS pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed byla nahrazena wolfSSL (pokud je pot\u0159eba, lze ru\u010dn\u011b nainstalovat knihovny mbedTLS a OpenSSL, kter\u00e9 jsou i nad\u00e1le dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny jako mo\u017enosti). Pro nastaven\u00ed automatick\u00e9ho p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed na HTTPS v webov\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed byla navr\u017eena volba &#171;uhttpd.main.redirect_https=1&#187;.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zavedena po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed podpora subsyst\u00e9mu j\u00e1dra DSA (Distributed Switch Architecture), kter\u00e1 poskytuje prost\u0159edky pro konfiguraci a spr\u00e1vu kask\u00e1d propojen\u00fdch Ethernetov\u00fdch switch\u016f pomoc\u00ed mechanism\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pro konfiguraci b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed (iproute2, ifconfig). DSA lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro konfiguraci port\u016f a VLAN m\u00edsto d\u0159\u00edve nab\u00edzen\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje swconfig, av\u0161ak ne v\u0161echny ovlada\u010de switch\u016f zat\u00edm podporuj\u00ed DSA. V nab\u00eddnut\u00e9 verzi je DSA zapojen pro ovlada\u010de ath79 (TP-Link TL-WR941ND), bcm4908, gemini, kirkwood, mediatek, mvebu, octeon, ramips (mt7621) a realtek.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly provedeny zm\u011bny v syntaxi konfigura\u010dn\u00edch soubor\u016f um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v \/etc\/config\/network. V bloku &#171;config interface&#187; byla volba &#171;ifname&#187; p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1na na &#171;device&#187;, a v bloku &#171;config device&#187; byly volby &#171;bridge&#187; a &#171;ifname&#187; p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1ny na &#171;ports&#187;. Pro nov\u00e9 instalace se nyn\u00ed generuj\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 soubory s nastaven\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (layer 2, blok &#171;config device&#187;) a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed (layer 3, blok &#171;config interface&#187;). Pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u011btn\u00e9 kompatibility byla podpora star\u00e9 syntaxe zachov\u00e1na, tj. d\u0159\u00edve vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 nastaven\u00ed nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny. P\u0159itom v webov\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed se p\u0159i zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed star\u00e9 syntaxe zobraz\u00ed nab\u00eddka o migraci na novou syntaxi, kter\u00e1 je nezbytn\u00e1 pro \u00fapravu nastaven\u00ed p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed.\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad nov\u00e9 syntaxe:       config device  \toption name &#8216;br-lan&#8217;  \toption type &#8216;bridge&#8217;  \toption macaddr &#8217;00:01:02:XX:XX:XX&#8217;  \tlist ports &#8216;lan1&#8217;  \tlist ports &#8216;lan2&#8217;  \tlist ports &#8216;lan3&#8217;  \tlist ports &#8216;lan4&#8217;           config interface &#8216;lan&#8217;  \toption device &#8216;br-lan&#8217;  \toption proto &#8216;static&#8217;  \toption ipaddr &#8216;192.168.1.1&#8217;  \toption netmask &#8216;255.255.255.0&#8217;  \toption ip6assign &#8217;60&#8217;       config device  \toption name &#8216;eth1&#8242;  \toption macaddr &#8217;00:01:02:YY:YY:YY&#8217;       config interface &#8216;wan&#8217;  \toption device &#8216;eth1&#8217;  \toption proto &#8216;dhcp&#8217;       config interface &#8216;wan6&#8217;  \toption device &#8216;eth1&#8217;  \toption proto &#8216;dhcpv6&#8217;      <\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u011b jako u konfigura\u010dn\u00edch soubor\u016f \/etc\/config\/network byla zm\u011bn\u011bna jm\u00e9na pol\u00ed v board.json z &#171;ifname&#187; na &#171;device&#187;.      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na nov\u00e1 platforma &#171;realtek&#187;, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed OpenWrt na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem Ethernetov\u00fdch port\u016f, jako jsou Ethernetov\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de D-Link, ZyXEL, ALLNET, INABA a NETGEAR.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 platformy bcm4908 a rockchip pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na SoC Broadcom BCM4908 a Rockchip RK33xx. V d\u0159\u00edve podporovan\u00fdch platform\u00e1ch byly odstran\u011bny nedostatky v podpo\u0159e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora platformy ar71xx byla ukon\u010dena, doporu\u010duje se m\u00edsto n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt platformu ath79 (pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na ar71xx se doporu\u010duje prov\u00e9st novou instalaci OpenWrt). Tak\u00e9 byla ukon\u010dena podpora platforem cns3xxx (Cavium Networks CNS3xxx), rb532 (MikroTik RB532) a samsung (SamsungTQ210).\n<li class=\"l\"> Spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed soubory aplikac\u00ed zapojen\u00fdch do zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch p\u0159ipojen\u00ed jsou sestaveny v re\u017eimu PIE (Position-Independent Executables) s plnou podporou randomizace adresn\u00edho prostoru (ASLR), co\u017e komplikuje zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed v t\u011bchto aplikac\u00edch.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u0159i sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00e1dra Linux jsou ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed zahrnuty mo\u017enosti pro podporu technologi\u00ed kontejnerov\u00e9 izolace, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroje LXC a re\u017eimu procd-ujail v OpenWrt na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b platforem.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zavedena mo\u017enost sestaven\u00ed s podporou syst\u00e9mu povinn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu SELinux (ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed je vypnuta).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny verze bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b vyd\u00e1n\u00ed musl libc 1.1.24, glibc 2.33, gcc 8.4.0, binutils 2.34, hostapd 2020-06-08, dnsmasq 2.85, dropbear 2020.81, busybox 1.33.1. J\u00e1dro Linux bylo aktualizov\u00e1no na verzi 5.4.143 s portov\u00e1n\u00edm bezdr\u00e1tov\u00e9ho z\u00e1sobn\u00edku cfg80211\/mac80211 z j\u00e1dra 5.10.42 a p\u0159esunem podpory. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"178\">VPN<\/a> Wireguard.         <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=55740\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 OpenWrt 21.02.0, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430. OpenWrt \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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