{"id":103808,"date":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap"},"modified":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","modified_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","slug":"proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","title":{"rendered":"Projekt Celestial vyv\u00edj\u00ed sestaven\u00ed Ubuntu s Flatpak m\u00edsto Snap","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Byla p\u0159edstavena beta verze distribuce CelOS (Celestial OS), co\u017e je rebuildu Ubuntu 22.04, ve kter\u00e9 byl n\u00e1stroj pro spr\u00e1vu bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Snap nahrazen syst\u00e9mem Flatpak. M\u00edsto instalace dal\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed z katalogu Snap Store je nab\u00eddnuta integrace s katalogem Flathub. Velikost instala\u010dn\u00edho obrazu je 3,7 GB. V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na projektu se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed pod licenc\u00ed GPLv3. <\/p>\n

Sestava obsahuje soubor aplikac\u00ed GNOME distribuovan\u00fdch ve form\u00e1tu Flatpak a tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlou instalaci dal\u0161\u00edch program\u016f z katalogu Flathub. Jako u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed je nab\u00eddnuta standardn\u00ed verze GNOME s t\u00e9matem Adwaita, jak se vyv\u00edj\u00ed v hlavn\u00edm projektu, bez aplikace t\u00e9matu Yaru, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed Ubuntu. Jako instal\u00e1tor je pou\u017eit standardn\u00ed Ubiquity. <\/p>\n

Z z\u00e1kladn\u00ed dod\u00e1vky byly vylou\u010deny bal\u00ed\u010dky aisleriot, gnome-mahjongg, gnome-mines, gnome-sudoku, evince, libreoffice, rhythmbox, remmina, shotwell, thunderbird, totem, snapd, firefox, gedit, cheese, gnome-calculator, gnome-calendar, gnome-font-viewer, gnome-characters a ubuntu-session. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny deb-bal\u00ed\u010dky gnome-tweak-tool, gnome-software, gnome-software-plugin-flatpak, Flatpak a gnome-session, stejn\u011b jako flatpak-bal\u00ed\u010dky Adwaita-dark, Epiphany, gedit, Cheese, Calculator, clocks, Calendar, Photos, Characters, font-viewer, Contacts, Weather a Flatseal.

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edly mezi Flatpak a Snap spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed v tom, \u017ee Snap nab\u00edz\u00ed mal\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed runtime s obsahem kontejneru zalo\u017een\u00fdm na monolitn\u00edch verz\u00edch Ubuntu Core, zat\u00edmco Flatpak krom\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edho runtime pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed a samostatn\u011b aktualizovateln\u00e9 runtime vrstvy (bundle) se standardn\u00edmi sadami z\u00e1vislost\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro provoz aplikac\u00ed. Snap tedy p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu aplika\u010dn\u00edch knihoven na stranu bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f (v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed velk\u00fdch knihoven, jako jsou knihovny GNOME a GTK, do spole\u010dn\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f), zat\u00edmco Flatpak nab\u00edz\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 bundle knihoven pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky (nap\u0159\u00edklad v bundle jsou zahrnuty knihovny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro provoz program\u016f s GNOME nebo KDE), co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u010dinit bal\u00ed\u010dky kompaktn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. <\/p>\n

Pro dod\u00e1vku bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Flatpak se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 obraz zalo\u017een\u00fd na specifikaci OCI (Open Container Initiative), zat\u00edmco v Snap se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 montov\u00e1n\u00ed obraz\u016f ve form\u00e1tu SquashFS. Pro izolaci ve Flatpak se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vrstva Bubblewrap (vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 cgroups, jmenn\u00e9 prostory (namespaces), Seccomp a SELinux), a pro organizaci p\u0159\u00edstupu k prost\u0159edk\u016fm mimo kontejner se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mechanismus port\u00e1l\u016f. V Snap se pro izolaci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed cgroups, namespaces, Seccomp a AppArmor, a pro interakci s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btem a jin\u00fdmi bal\u00ed\u010dky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159ipojiteln\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed. Snap je vyv\u00edjen pod plnou kontrolou spole\u010dnosti Canonical a nen\u00ed pod kontrolou komunity, zat\u00edmco projekt Flatpak je nez\u00e1visl\u00fd, poskytuje lep\u0161\u00ed integraci s GNOME a nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1n na jeden repozit\u00e1\u0159.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 CelOS (Celestial OS), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 Ubuntu 22.04, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 Snap \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 Flatpak. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 Snap Store \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c Flathub. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 3.7 \u0413\u0411. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 GNOME, 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