{"id":103885,"date":"2022-04-27T15:36:48","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T13:36:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-v-networkd-dispatcher-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root"},"modified":"2022-04-27T15:36:48","modified_gmt":"2022-04-27T13:36:49","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-networkd-dispatcher-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-networkd-dispatcher-pozvolyayushhie-poluchit-prava-root","title":{"rendered":"Zranitelnosti v networkd-dispatcher, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00edskat pr\u00e1va root.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z firmy Microsoft identifikovali dv\u011b zranitelnosti (CVE-2022-29799, CVE-2022-29800) v slu\u017eb\u011b networkd-dispatcher, kter\u00e1 byla pojmenov\u00e1na Nimbuspwn a umo\u017e\u0148uje neprivilegovan\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli vykon\u00e1vat libovoln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy s pr\u00e1vy root. Probl\u00e9m byl odstran\u011bn v verzi networkd-dispatcher 2.2. Zat\u00edm neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 informace o uvoln\u011bn\u00ed aktualizac\u00ed distros (Debian, RHEL, Fedora, SUSE, Ubuntu, Arch Linux).      <\/p>\n<p>Networkd-dispatcher se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha distribuc\u00edch Linuxu, v\u010detn\u011b Ubuntu, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na spr\u00e1vu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch parametr\u016f na pozad\u00ed b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed proces systemd-networkd, a vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 funkce podobn\u00e9 jako NetworkManager-dispatcher, tedy spou\u0161t\u00ed skripty p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u011b stavu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"206\">VPN<\/a> po instalaci hlavn\u00edho s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.     <\/p>\n<p>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed pozad\u00ed procesu networkd-dispatcher b\u011b\u017e\u00ed s pr\u00e1vy root a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 sign\u00e1ly o ud\u00e1lostech p\u0159es sb\u011brnici D-Bus. Informace o ud\u00e1lostech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se zm\u011bnou stavu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch p\u0159ipojen\u00ed jsou zas\u00edl\u00e1ny slu\u017ebou systemd-networkd. Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee neprivilegovan\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohou vytvo\u0159it ud\u00e1lost o neexistuj\u00edc\u00edm stavu a spustit sv\u016fj skript, kter\u00fd bude vykon\u00e1n s pr\u00e1vy root.     <\/p>\n<p>Systemd-networkd je navr\u017een tak, aby spou\u0161t\u011bl pouze syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 skripty um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v adres\u00e1\u0159i \/etc\/networkd-dispatcher, kter\u00e9 nelze nahradit u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdm z\u00e1sahu; av\u0161ak kv\u016fli zranitelnosti (CVE-2022-29799) v k\u00f3du zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed cest k soubor\u016fm existovala mo\u017enost p\u0159ekro\u010dit z\u00e1kladn\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159 a spustit libovoln\u00e9 skripty. P\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed cesty k souboru byly pou\u017eity hodnoty OperationalState a AdministrativeState p\u0159edan\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm D-Bus, kter\u00e9 nebyly o\u010di\u0161t\u011bny od speci\u00e1ln\u00edch znak\u016f. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk mohl vygenerovat vlastn\u00ed stav, jeho\u017e n\u00e1zev obsahoval znaky \"..\\\/\" a p\u0159esm\u011brovat po\u017eadavek networkd-dispatcher do jin\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e.    <\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00e1 zranitelnost (CVE-2022-29800) souvis\u00ed s podm\u00ednkou z\u00e1vodu \u2014 mezi kontrolou parametr\u016f skriptu (n\u00e1rok na u\u017eivatele root) a jeho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm existoval mal\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd interval, dostate\u010dn\u00fd k v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b souboru a obklam\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly n\u00e1roku na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed skriptu u\u017eivatelem root. Krom\u011b toho v networkd-dispatcher chyb\u011bla kontrola symbolick\u00fdch odkaz\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159i spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed skript\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vol\u00e1n\u00ed subprocess.Popen, co\u017e v\u00fdznamn\u011b zjednodu\u0161ilo organizaci \u00fatoku.      <\/p>\n<p>Techniky provozu:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Je vytvo\u0159en adres\u00e1\u0159 \"\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\" a symbolick\u00fd odkaz \"\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\\\/poc.d\", kter\u00fd odkazuje na adres\u00e1\u0159 \"\\\/sbin\", jen\u017e je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n k obran\u011b p\u0159ed kontrolou p\u0159\u00edtomnosti spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edch u\u017eivateli root.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro spustiteln\u00e9 soubory z \"\\\/sbin\" jsou vytv\u00e1\u0159eny soubory se stejn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem v adres\u00e1\u0159i \"\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\", nap\u0159\u00edklad pro soubor \"\\\/sbin\\\/vgs\" se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed spustiteln\u00fd soubor \"\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\\\/vgs\", pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed neprivilegovan\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli, do kter\u00e9ho je um\u00edst\u011bn k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk chce spustit.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u0159es D-Bus je do procesu networkd-dispatcher odesl\u00e1n sign\u00e1l s hodnotou OperationalState \"..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\\\/poc\". K odesl\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1lu v prostoru n\u00e1zv\u016f \"org.freedesktop.network1\" byla vyu\u017eita mo\u017enost p\u0159ipojen\u00ed vlastn\u00edch zpracovatel\u016f k systemd-networkd, nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed manipulace s gpgv nebo epmd, nebo je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt toho, \u017ee systemd-networkd nen\u00ed ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed spu\u0161t\u011bn (nap\u0159\u00edklad v Linux Mint).\n<li class=\"l\"> Po p\u0159ijet\u00ed sign\u00e1lu networkd-dispatcher sestavuje seznam spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edch u\u017eivateli root a dostupn\u00fdch v adres\u00e1\u0159i \"\\\/etc\\\/networkd-dispatcher\\\/..\\\/..\\\/..\\\/tmp\\\/nimbuspwn\\\/poc.d\", kter\u00fd ve skute\u010dnosti odkazuje na \"\\\/sbin\".\n<li class=\"l\"> Ve chv\u00edli, kdy je seznam soubor\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1n, ale skript je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed spu\u0161t\u011bn, symbolick\u00fd odkaz se p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1v\u00e1 z &#171; \/tmp\/nimbuspwn\/poc.d &#187; na &#171; \/tmp\/nimbuspwn &#187; a networkd-dispatcher spust\u00ed s pr\u00e1vy root skript um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkem.        <\/ul>\n<p>    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Zranitelnosti v networkd-dispatcher, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00edskat pr\u00e1va root.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/15109315e192eb6384601dfafc436775.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57093\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Microsoft \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2022-29799, CVE-2022-29800) \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0435 networkd-dispatcher, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f Nimbuspwn \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 networkd-dispatcher 2.2. \u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 (Debian, RHEL, Fedora, SUSE, Ubuntu, Arch Linux). Networkd-dispatcher \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 Linux, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f Ubuntu, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":103886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 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