{"id":103950,"date":"2022-05-04T15:37:02","date_gmt":"2022-05-04T13:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-uclibc-i-uclibc-ng-pozvolyayushhaya-podmenit-dannye-v-keshe-dns"},"modified":"2022-05-04T15:37:02","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T13:37:03","slug":"uyazvimost-v-uclibc-i-uclibc-ng-pozvolyayushhaya-podmenit-dannye-v-keshe-dns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-uclibc-i-uclibc-ng-pozvolyayushhaya-podmenit-dannye-v-keshe-dns","title":{"rendered":"Zranitelnost v uClibc a uClibc-ng, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje podvrhnout data v cache DNS.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ve standardn\u00edch knihovn\u00e1ch C uClibc a uClibc-ng, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v mnoha vestavn\u00fdch a p\u0159enosn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, byla zji\u0161t\u011bna zranitelnost (CVE nebyl p\u0159id\u011blen), kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje vlo\u017een\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00fdch dat do DNS cache, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eito k podvr\u017een\u00ed IP adresy libovoln\u00e9 dom\u00e9ny do cache a p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed dotaz\u016f na dom\u00e9nu na server \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka.     <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m se t\u00fdk\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00fdch linuxov\u00fdch firmware pro sm\u011brova\u010de, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 body a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed internetu v\u011bc\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako linuxov\u00fdch distribuc\u00ed pro vestav\u011bn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, jako jsou OpenWRT a Embedded Gentoo. Bylo zaznamen\u00e1no, \u017ee zranitelnost se projevuje v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch mnoha v\u00fdrobc\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad uClibc se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve firmwaru Linksys, Netgear a Axis), ale proto\u017ee zranitelnost v uClibc a uClibc-ng z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 neopraven\u00e1, dosud nejsou zve\u0159ejn\u011bny podrobn\u00e9 informace o konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch a v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, u jejich\u017e produkt\u016f je tento probl\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edtomen.    <\/p>\n<p>Zranitelnost je zp\u016fsobena pou\u017eit\u00edm p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch identifik\u00e1tor\u016f transakc\u00ed v k\u00f3du pro odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed DNS dotaz\u016f. Identifika\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo DNS dotazu bylo vyb\u00edr\u00e1no prost\u00fdm zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010d\u00edta\u010de bez pou\u017eit\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 randomizace \u010d\u00edsel port\u016f, co\u017e umo\u017enilo zneu\u017eit\u00ed DNS cache prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho odesl\u00e1n\u00ed UDP paket\u016f s fale\u0161n\u00fdmi odpov\u011b\u010fmi (odpov\u011b\u010f bude p\u0159ijata, pokud dorazila d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e odpov\u011b\u010f skute\u010dn\u00e1 a obsahuje spr\u00e1vn\u00fd ID). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"serveru\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3809\">serveru<\/a> Na rozd\u00edl od metody Kaminsk\u00e9ho navr\u017een\u00e9 v roce 2008, nen\u00ed identifik\u00e1tor transakce t\u0159eba h\u00e1dat, proto\u017ee je od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd (zpo\u010d\u00e1tku je nastaveno hodnoty 1, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m dotazu zvy\u0161uje, a nevol\u00ed se n\u00e1hodn\u011b).     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Zranitelnost v uClibc a uClibc-ng, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje podvrhnout data v cache DNS.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/29cd1ae29db2776f3121eda961bd8c4d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>Ve specifikaci pro ochranu proti odhadu identifik\u00e1toru se doporu\u010duje nav\u00edc pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u010d\u00edsel v\u00fdchoz\u00edch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch port\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch se odes\u00edlaj\u00ed DNS dotazy, co\u017e kompenzuje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 malou velikost identifik\u00e1toru. P\u0159i zapnut\u00ed randomizace port\u016f pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi je t\u0159eba krom\u011b odhadu 16bitov\u00e9ho identifik\u00e1toru odhadnout tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho portu. V uClibc a uClibc-ng takov\u00e1 randomizace nebyla zjevn\u011b povolena (p\u0159i vol\u00e1n\u00ed bind nebyl uveden n\u00e1hodn\u00fd v\u00fdchoz\u00ed UDP port) a jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed z\u00e1viselo na nastaven\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.     <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i vypnut\u00ed randomizace kryt\u00ed je ur\u010den\u00ed inkrement\u00e1ln\u00edho identifik\u00e1toru po\u017eadavku pova\u017eov\u00e1no za trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakol. I v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed randomizace v\u0161ak \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi sta\u010d\u00ed pouze uhodnout s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd port z rozsahu 32768\u201360999, k \u010demu\u017e m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt masivn\u00ed simult\u00e1nn\u00ed odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00fdch odpov\u011bd\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 porty.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Zranitelnost v uClibc a uClibc-ng, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje podvrhnout data v cache DNS.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/ba16f63c3eab657ee687a893744ae972.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost probl\u00e9mu byla potvrzena ve v\u0161ech aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch vyd\u00e1n\u00edch uClibc a uClibc-ng, v\u010detn\u011b nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch verz\u00ed uClibc 0.9.33.2 a uClibc-ng 1.0.40. V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021 byly informace o zranitelnosti zasl\u00e1ny do CERT\/CC k dohod\u011b o p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b oprav. V lednu 2022 byly \u00fadaje o probl\u00e9mu p\u0159ed\u00e1ny v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 v\u00fdrobc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed spolupracuj\u00ed s CERT\/CC. V b\u0159eznu byla pokus o jednotliv\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s projektov\u00fdm spr\u00e1vcem uClibc-ng, ale ten odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee nen\u00ed schopen zranitelnost opravit s\u00e1m a doporu\u010dil ve\u0159ejn\u011b zve\u0159ejnit informace o probl\u00e9mu, o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pomoc p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji opravy od komunity. Z v\u00fdrobc\u016f byl vyd\u00e1n NETGEAR s ozn\u00e1men\u00edm o vyd\u00e1n\u00ed aktualizace s odstran\u011bn\u00edm zranitelnosti.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57131\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0421\u0438-\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 uClibc \u0438 uClibc-ng, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u044d\u0448 DNS, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0435 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 Linux-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439, \u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":103951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0421\u0438-\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 uClibc \u0438 uClibc-ng, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 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