{"id":104097,"date":"2022-05-20T15:36:43","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T13:36:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/google-otkryl-narabotki-svyazannye-s-zashhishhyonnym-setevym-protokolom-psp"},"modified":"2022-05-20T15:36:43","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T13:36:45","slug":"google-otkryl-narabotki-svyazannye-s-zashhishhyonnym-setevym-protokolom-psp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/google-otkryl-narabotki-svyazannye-s-zashhishhyonnym-setevym-protokolom-psp","title":{"rendered":"Google p\u0159edstavili n\u00e1vrhy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho protokolu PSP","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dnost Google ozn\u00e1mila otev\u0159en\u00ed specifikac\u00ed a referen\u010dn\u00ed implementace protokolu PSP (PSP Security Protocol), kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mezi datov\u00fdmi centry. Protokol vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 architekturu pro enkapsulaci provozu podobnou IPsec ESP (Encapsulating Security Payloads) nad IP, zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, kryptografickou kontrolu integrity a autentizaci zdroje. K\u00f3d implementace PSP je naps\u00e1n v jazyce C a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed Apache 2.0. <\/p>\n

Jedine\u010dnost PSP spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v optimalizaci protokolu pro zrychlen\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed procesor p\u0159enesen\u00edm \u0161ifrovac\u00edch a de\u0161ifrovac\u00edch operac\u00ed na stranu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch karet (offload). Pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed hardwarov\u00e9 akcelerace je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt speci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty, kter\u00e9 jsou kompatibiln\u00ed s PSP. Pro syst\u00e9my se s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdmi kartami, kter\u00e9 PSP nepodporuj\u00ed, je nab\u00edzena softwarov\u00e1 implementace SoftPSP. <\/p>\n

Jako transport pro p\u0159enos dat se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 protokol UDP. Paket PSP za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 IP hlavi\u010dkou, za kterou n\u00e1sleduje hlavi\u010dka UDP a pot\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed hlavi\u010dka PSP s informacemi o \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a autentizaci. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se p\u0159ipoj\u00ed obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho TCP\/UDP paketu, kter\u00fd kon\u010d\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edm blokem PSP s kontroln\u00edm sou\u010dtem pro potvrzen\u00ed integrity. Hlavi\u010dka PSP, stejn\u011b jako hlavi\u010dka a data enkapsulovan\u00e9ho paketu, jsou v\u017edy autentizov\u00e1ny pro potvrzen\u00ed pravosti paketu. Data enkapsulovan\u00e9ho paketu mohou b\u00fdt za\u0161ifrov\u00e1na, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je povolena mo\u017enost voliteln\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed s ponech\u00e1n\u00edm \u010d\u00e1sti TCP hlavi\u010dky nezak\u00f3dovan\u00e9 (p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly pravosti), nap\u0159\u00edklad pro umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed inspekce paket\u016f v p\u0159echodn\u00e9m s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.

\"Google<\/center> <\/p>\n

PSP nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1n na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed protokol pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f, nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bkolik variant form\u00e1tu paket\u016f a podporuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch kryptografick\u00fdch algoritm\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad je zde podpora algoritmu AES-GCM pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a autentizaci (ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pravosti) a AES-GMAC pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pravosti bez \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed samotn\u00fdch dat, nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e data nezakl\u00e1daj\u00ed hodnotu, ale je t\u0159eba zaru\u010dit, \u017ee b\u011bhem p\u0159enosu nebyla pozm\u011bn\u011bna a \u017ee jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 byly p\u016fvodn\u011b odesl\u00e1ny. <\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od typov\u00fdch VPN<\/a>-v PSP se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch spojen\u00ed, a ne cel\u00e9ho komunika\u010dn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee PSP vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 samostatn\u00e9 \u0161ifrovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 tunelovan\u00e1 UDP a TCP spojen\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup umo\u017e\u0148uje dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed izolace provozu mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi aplikacemi a zpracovateli, co\u017e je relevantn\u00ed p\u0159i b\u011bhu na jednom serveru<\/a> aplikac\u00ed a slu\u017eeb r\u016fzn\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f. <\/p>\n

V Google se protokol PSP pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jak pro ochranu vlastn\u00edch intern\u00edch komunikac\u00ed, tak pro zabezpe\u010den\u00ed provozu klient\u016f Google Cloud. Protokol byl p\u016fvodn\u011b navr\u017een pro efektivn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed v infrastruktur\u00e1ch \u00farovn\u011b Google a m\u011bl by zaji\u0161\u0165ovat hardwarov\u00e9 urychlen\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch milion\u016f aktivn\u00edch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch spojen\u00ed a des\u00edtek tis\u00edc nov\u00fdch spojen\u00ed za sekundu. <\/p>\n

Podporov\u00e1ny jsou dva re\u017eimy provozu \u2014 \u201estateful\u201c a \u201estateless\u201c. V re\u017eimu \u201estateless\u201c se kl\u00ed\u010de pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 kart\u011b v popisu paketu, a pro de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed se extrahuj\u00ed z pole SPI (Security Parameter Index) p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho v paketu pomoc\u00ed hlavn\u00edho kl\u00ed\u010de (256-bit AES, kter\u00fd je uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n v pam\u011bti s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty a je nahrazov\u00e1n ka\u017ed\u00fdch 24 hodin), co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0161et\u0159it pam\u011b\u0165 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty a minimalizovat informace o stavu \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch spojen\u00ed ulo\u017een\u00e9 na stran\u011b hardwaru. V re\u017eimu \u201estateful\u201c se kl\u00ed\u010de pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 spojen\u00ed uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed na s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 kart\u011b ve speci\u00e1ln\u00ed tabulce, podobn\u011b jako je to realizov\u00e1no v hardwarov\u00e9m akceleraci v IPsec.

\"Google<\/center> <\/p>\n

PSP poskytuje pon\u011bkud kombinaci schopnost\u00ed protokol\u016f TLS a IPsec\/VPN. TLS vyhovoval Googlu z pohledu ochrany na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch spojen\u00ed, ale nebyl uspokojiv\u00fd kv\u016fli nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 flexibilit\u011b pro hardwarov\u00e9 urychlen\u00ed a absenci podpory UDP. IPsec zaji\u0161\u0165oval nez\u00e1vislost na protokolech a dob\u0159e podporoval hardwarov\u00e9 urychlen\u00ed, ale nepodporoval vazbu kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f na jednotliv\u00e1 spojen\u00ed, byl navr\u017een pouze pro mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00fdch tunel\u016f a m\u011bl probl\u00e9my se \u0161k\u00e1lovatelnost\u00ed hardwarov\u00e9ho urychlen\u00ed kv\u016fli uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed kompletn\u00edho stavu \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed v tabulk\u00e1ch ulo\u017een\u00fdch v pam\u011bti s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty (nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed 10 mili\u00f3n\u016f spojen\u00ed je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed 5 GB pam\u011bti). <\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b PSP m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt informace o stavu \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed (kl\u00ed\u010de, inicializa\u010dn\u00ed vektory, po\u0159adov\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla apod.) p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1na v TX-deskriptoru paketu nebo ve form\u011b ukazatele na pam\u011b\u0165 hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ani\u017e by zab\u00edrala pam\u011b\u0165 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f Google d\u0159\u00edve na \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed RPC provozu v infrastruktu\u0159e spole\u010dnosti \u0161lo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,7 % v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu a velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pam\u011bti. Zaveden\u00ed PSP d\u00edky vyu\u017eit\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f hardwarov\u00e9ho akcelerov\u00e1n\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eilo tuto hodnotu na 0,2 %.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 PSP (PSP Security Protocol), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 IPsec ESP (Encapsulating Security Payloads) \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 IP, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 PSP \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 Apache 2.0. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":104098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Google odhalil v\u00fdvoj t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zabezpe\u010den\u00e9ho s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho protokolu PSP | ProHoster","description":"Spole\u010dnost Google ozn\u00e1mila otev\u0159en\u00ed specifikac\u00ed a referen\u010dn\u00ed implementace protokolu PSP (PSP Security Protocol), kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mezi datov\u00fdmi 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