{"id":104606,"date":"2022-07-06T09:36:42","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T07:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7"},"modified":"2022-07-06T09:36:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T07:36:42","slug":"dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7","title":{"rendered":"K dispozici jsou Oracle Linux 9 a j\u00e1dro Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Oracle zve\u0159ejnila stabiln\u00ed verze distribuce Oracle Linux 9 a j\u00e1dra Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 (UEK R7), kter\u00e9 je ur\u010deno pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v distribuci Oracle Linux jako alternativa k v\u00fdchoz\u00edmu bal\u00ed\u010dku s j\u00e1drem z Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Distribuce Oracle Linux 9 je zalo\u017eena na bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 a je s n\u00ed pln\u011b bin\u00e1rn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed.   <\/p>\n<p>Pro neomezen\u00e9 sta\u017een\u00ed jsou k dispozici instala\u010dn\u00ed iso obrazy o velikosti 8,6 GB a 840 MB, p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 pro architektury x86_64 a ARM64 (aarch64). Pro Oracle Linux 9 je otev\u0159en neomezen\u00fd a bezplatn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k yum repozit\u00e1\u0159i s bin\u00e1rn\u00edmi aktualizacemi bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, kter\u00e9 opravuj\u00ed chyby (errata) a probl\u00e9my se zabezpe\u010den\u00edm. K dispozici jsou tak\u00e9 samostatn\u011b podporovan\u00e9 repozit\u00e1\u0159e se sadami bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Application Stream a CodeReady Builder.      <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b bal\u00ed\u010dku s j\u00e1drem z RHEL (na b\u00e1zi j\u00e1dra 5.14) nab\u00edz\u00ed Oracle Linux vlastn\u00ed j\u00e1dro Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z j\u00e1dra Linux 5.15 a je optimalizov\u00e1no pro pr\u00e1ci s pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm softwarem a hardwarem Oracle. Zdrojov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy j\u00e1dra, v\u010detn\u011b rozd\u011blen\u00ed na jednotliv\u00e9 opravy, jsou k dispozici ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m Git repozit\u00e1\u0159i Oracle. J\u00e1dro Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel je instalov\u00e1no ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed, je prezentov\u00e1no jako alternativa k v\u00fdchoz\u00edmu bal\u00ed\u010dku s j\u00e1drem RHEL a poskytuje \u0159adu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, jako je integrace DTrace a vylep\u0161en\u00e1 podpora Btrfs. Krom\u011b dodate\u010dn\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra jsou verze Oracle Linux 9 a RHEL 9 pln\u011b identick\u00e9 (seznam zm\u011bn je k dispozici v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed RHEL9).    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed novinky v j\u00e1dru Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla vylep\u0161ena podpora architektury Aarch64. Velikost str\u00e1nkov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011bti na 64bitov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech ARM byla ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eena z 64 KB na 4 KB, co\u017e se l\u00e9pe hod\u00ed k objem\u016fm pam\u011bti a typ\u016fm z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm pro ARM syst\u00e9my.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pokra\u010duje dod\u00e1vka syst\u00e9mu dynamick\u00e9ho lad\u011bn\u00ed DTrace 2.0, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159eveden na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed subsyst\u00e9mu j\u00e1dra eBPF. DTrace 2.0 funguje nad eBPF, stejn\u011b jako st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v Linuxu funguj\u00ed nad eBPF.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enosti souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu Btrfs byly roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eny. Do Btrfs byla p\u0159id\u00e1na asynchronn\u00ed implementace operace DISCARD pro ozna\u010den\u00ed uvoln\u011bn\u00fdch blok\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 fyzicky uchov\u00e1vat. Asynchronn\u00ed implementace umo\u017e\u0148uje ne\u010dekat na dokon\u010den\u00ed DISCARD ze strany \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bt tuto operaci na pozad\u00ed. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti montov\u00e1n\u00ed pro usnadn\u011bn\u00ed obnovy dat z po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu: \u201erescue=ignorebadroots\u201c pro montov\u00e1n\u00ed i p\u0159es po\u0161kozen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch ko\u0159enov\u00fdch strom\u016f (extent, uuid, data reloc, device, csum, free space), \u201erescue=ignoredatacsums\u201c pro vypnut\u00ed kontroly kontroln\u00edch sou\u010dt\u016f pro data a \u201erescue=all\u201c pro soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zapnut\u00ed re\u017eim\u016f \u2018ignorebadroots\u2019, \u2018ignoredatacsums\u2019 a \u2018nologreplay\u2019. Byly provedeny v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 optimalizace v\u00fdkonu souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm operac\u00ed fsync(). Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora fs-verity (ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pravosti a integrity soubor\u016f) a shodov\u00e1n\u00ed identifik\u00e1tor\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ve XFS byla implementov\u00e1na podpora operac\u00ed DAX pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k souborov\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu mimo str\u00e1nkovou mezipam\u011b\u0165 za \u00fa\u010delem vylou\u010den\u00ed dvojit\u00e9ho mezipam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my s p\u0159ete\u010den\u00edm 32bitov\u00e9ho datov\u00e9ho typu time_t v roce 2038, v\u010detn\u011b nov\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed bigtime a inobtcount.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla provedena vylep\u0161en\u00ed souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu OCFS2 (Oracle Cluster File System).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ZoneFS, kter\u00fd zjednodu\u0161uje n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ovou pr\u00e1ci se z\u00f3novan\u00fdmi \u00falo\u017en\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi. Z\u00f3novan\u00e1 \u00falo\u017en\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na tvrd\u00fdch magnetick\u00fdch disc\u00edch nebo NVMe SSD, jejich\u017e \u00falo\u017en\u00fd prostor je rozd\u011blen do z\u00f3n, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed skupiny blok\u016f nebo sektor\u016f, do kter\u00fdch je povoleno pouze sekven\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat s aktualizac\u00ed cel\u00e9 skupiny blok\u016f. Souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ZoneFS spojuje ka\u017edou z\u00f3nu v \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti s jednotliv\u00fdm souborem, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat v re\u017eimu raw bez manipulace na \u00farovni sektor\u016f a blok\u016f, tj. umo\u017e\u0148uje aplikac\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edvat souborov\u00e9 API m\u00edsto p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k blokov\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ioctl.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora protokolu byla stabilizov\u00e1na. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"220\">VPN<\/a> WireGuard.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enosti subsyst\u00e9mu eBPF byly roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eny. Byla implementov\u00e1na mechanika CO-RE (Compile Once \u2014 Run Everywhere), kter\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m s p\u0159enositelnost\u00ed zkompilovan\u00fdch eBPF program\u016f a umo\u017e\u0148uje sestavovat k\u00f3d eBPF program\u016f pouze jednou a pou\u017e\u00edvat speci\u00e1ln\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed loader, kter\u00fd p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje nahr\u00e1van\u00fd program aktu\u00e1ln\u00edmu j\u00e1dru a typ\u016fm BTF (BPF Type Format). Byl zaveden mechanismus \u201eBPF trampoline\u201c, kter\u00fd prakticky sni\u017euje re\u017eii p\u0159i p\u0159enosu vol\u00e1n\u00ed mezi j\u00e1drem a BPF programy. Byly poskytnuty mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k funkcionalit\u011b j\u00e1dra z BPF program\u016f a pozastaven\u00ed zpracovatele.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl integrov\u00e1n detektor rozd\u011blen\u00fdch z\u00e1mk\u016f (\u201esplit lock\u201c), kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstupu k nevyrovnan\u00fdm dat\u016fm v pam\u011bti, proto\u017ee p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed atom\u00e1rn\u00ed instrukce data p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed dv\u011b cache linie CPU. J\u00e1dro m\u016f\u017ee za chodu identifikovat takov\u00e9 z\u00e1mky, kter\u00e9 vedou k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu poklesu v\u00fdkonu, a zobrazovat varov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo odes\u00edlat sign\u00e1l SIGBUS aplikaci, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1mek zp\u016fsobila.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna podpora Multipath TCP (MPTCP), roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed protokolu TCP pro organizaci pr\u00e1ce TCP spojen\u00ed s doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm paket\u016f sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159es n\u011bkolik tras r\u016fzn\u00fdmi s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdmi rozhran\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 jsou p\u0159i\u0159azena r\u016fzn\u00fdm <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP adresy\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4460\">IP adresy<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> V pl\u00e1nova\u010di \u00faloh byl implementov\u00e1n pl\u00e1novac\u00ed re\u017eim SCHED_CORE, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0159\u00eddit, kter\u00e9 procesy mohou spole\u010dn\u011b b\u011b\u017eet na jednom j\u00e1d\u0159e CPU. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu procesu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159i\u0159azen cookie identifik\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje oblast d\u016fv\u011bry mezi procesy (nap\u0159. p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost jednomu u\u017eivateli nebo kontejneru). P\u0159i organizaci vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du m\u016f\u017ee pl\u00e1nova\u010d zajistit sd\u00edlen\u00ed jednoho j\u00e1dra CPU pouze pro procesy spojen\u00e9 s jedn\u00edm vlastn\u00edkem, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eito k blokov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f t\u0159\u00eddy Spectre t\u00edm, \u017ee zabra\u0148uje vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v jednom vl\u00e1kn\u011b SMT (Hyper Threading) d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch a ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch \u00faloh.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro cgroups byl implementov\u00e1n \u0159adi\u010d rozd\u011blen\u00ed pam\u011bti slab (slab memory controller), kter\u00fd se vyzna\u010duje p\u0159evodem sledov\u00e1n\u00ed slab z \u00farovn\u011b str\u00e1nek pam\u011bti na \u00farove\u0148 objekt\u016f j\u00e1dra. To umo\u017e\u0148uje spole\u010dn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slab-str\u00e1nek v r\u016fzn\u00fdch cgroup, m\u00edsto aby byly pro ka\u017edou cgroup p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1ny samostatn\u00e9 ke\u0161e slab. Navrhovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup zvy\u0161uje efektivitu vyu\u017eit\u00ed slab, sni\u017euje velikost pam\u011bti pou\u017eit\u00e9 pro slab o 30-45 %, v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje celkovou spot\u0159ebu pam\u011bti j\u00e1drem a sni\u017euje fragmentaci pam\u011bti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna dod\u00e1vka ladic\u00edch dat ve form\u00e1tu CTF (Compact Type Format), kter\u00fd poskytuje kompaktn\u00ed ulo\u017een\u00ed informac\u00ed o C-typech, vztaz\u00edch mezi funkcemi a ladic\u00edch symbolech.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dod\u00e1vka modulu DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \/dev\/raw byla zastavena (pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k soubor\u016fm je t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edznak O_DIRECT).      <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57460\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Oracle \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Oracle Linux 9 \u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 (UEK R7), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 Oracle Linux \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 Red Hat Enterprise Linux. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 Oracle Linux 9 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0441 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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