{"id":105238,"date":"2022-10-02T15:36:41","date_gmt":"2022-10-02T13:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/razrabotchiki-debian-utverdili-postavku-proprietarnyh-proshivok-v-ustanovochnyh-nositelyah"},"modified":"2022-10-02T15:36:41","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T13:36:41","slug":"razrabotchiki-debian-utverdili-postavku-proprietarnyh-proshivok-v-ustanovochnyh-nositelyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-debian-utverdili-postavku-proprietarnyh-proshivok-v-ustanovochnyh-nositelyah","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i Debiana schv\u00e1lili dod\u00e1n\u00ed propriet\u00e1rn\u00edch firmwar\u016f na instala\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v\u00fdsledky obecn\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed (GR, obecn\u00e9 usnesen\u00ed) v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f projektu Debian, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a infrastruktury. Hlavn\u00edm bodem bylo projedn\u00e1n\u00ed dod\u00e1vky propriet\u00e1rn\u00edho firmwaru v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch instalac\u00edch a live verz\u00edch. V hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00edt\u011bzil p\u00e1t\u00fd bod \u201eZm\u011bnit ve\u0159ejnou dohodu pro dod\u00e1vku nesvobodn\u00e9ho firmwaru v instal\u00e1toru s poskytnut\u00edm jednotn\u00fdch instala\u010dn\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f\u201c. <\/p>\n

Zvolen\u00e1 varianta zahrnuje zm\u011bnu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 smlouvy (Debian Social Contract), kter\u00e1 definuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy projektu a z\u00e1vazky projektu v\u016f\u010di komunit\u011b. Do p\u00e1t\u00e9ho bodu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 smlouvy, kter\u00fd obsahuje po\u017eadavek na dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed standard\u016f svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru, bude p\u0159id\u00e1na pozn\u00e1mka, \u017ee ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia Debiana mohou zahrnovat firmwary, kter\u00e9 nejsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu Debian, pokud to bude nezbytn\u00e9 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed funkce distribuce na hardwaru, pro kter\u00fd jsou podobn\u00e9 firmwary pot\u0159ebn\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed instala\u010dn\u00ed m\u00e9dium a live obrazy Debianu budou zahrnovat bal\u00ed\u010dky ze sekce \u201enon-free-firmware\u201c, do kter\u00e9 byly vyjmuty komponenty souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s firmwary z repozit\u00e1\u0159e non-free. Pokud existuje hardware, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje extern\u00ed firmware, budou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed firmwary zahrnuty ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed. Pro u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed preferuj\u00ed pouze svobodn\u00fd software, v\u0161ak bude v pr\u016fb\u011bhu spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nab\u00eddnuta mo\u017enost deaktivovat pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nesvobodn\u00fdch firmwar\u016f. <\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho bude v instala\u010dn\u00edm programu a live obraze poskytnuta informace o tom, jak\u00fd typ firmwaru je nahr\u00e1n. \u00dadaje o pou\u017eit\u00fdch firwamech budou rovn\u011b\u017e ulo\u017eeny v nainstalovan\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, tak\u017ee u\u017eivatel bude moci z\u00edskat informace o t\u011bchto firmwarov\u00fdch verz\u00edch pozd\u011bji. Pokud jsou firmware nezbytn\u00e9 pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po instalaci, syst\u00e9m tak\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed, aby ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed p\u0159idal do souboru sources.list repozit\u00e1\u0159 non-free-firmware, co\u017e umo\u017en\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vat aktualizace firmware se z\u00e1platami pro zranitelnosti a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 chyby. Obrazy s propriet\u00e1rn\u00edmi firmwary budou dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed nosi\u010de, kter\u00e9 nahrad\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve nab\u00edzen\u00e9 obrazy bez nesvobodn\u00fdch firmwar\u016f. <\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka dod\u00e1vky firmwar\u016f se stala aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, proto\u017ee v\u00fdrobci za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed st\u00e1le v\u00edce p\u0159istupuj\u00ed k pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch firmwar\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, m\u00edsto aby dod\u00e1vali firmware v trval\u00e9 pam\u011bti v samotn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Takov\u00e9 extern\u00ed firmwary jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro mnoh\u00e9 modern\u00ed grafick\u00e9, zvukov\u00e9 a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 adapt\u00e9ry. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je ot\u00e1zka, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry dod\u00e1vka propriet\u00e1rn\u00edch firmwar\u016f spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavek na dod\u00e1vku pouze svobodn\u00e9ho software v z\u00e1kladn\u00edch sestav\u00e1ch Debian, proto\u017ee firmware se prov\u00e1d\u00ed na hardwarov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, nikoli v syst\u00e9mu, a vztahuje se k za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Na modern\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou vybaveny dokonce i zcela svobodn\u00fdmi distribucemi, funguj\u00ed firmwary vestav\u011bn\u00e9 do za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Rozd\u00edl je jen v tom, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 firmwary jsou na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e naprogramov\u00e1ny v ROM nebo Flash pam\u011bti. <\/p>\n

Dosud nebyly propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed firmware zahrnuty do ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch instala\u010dn\u00edch obraz\u016f Debian a byly dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny v samostatn\u00e9m repozit\u00e1\u0159i non-free. Instalace s propriet\u00e1rn\u00edmi firmware m\u00e1 status neofici\u00e1ln\u00edch a jsou distribuov\u00e1ny zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, co\u017e vede k zmatku a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee pro u\u017eivatele, jeliko\u017e v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech je pln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu modern\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout pouze po instalaci propriet\u00e1rn\u00edch firmware. P\u0159\u00edprava a podpora neofici\u00e1ln\u00edch instalac\u00ed s propriet\u00e1rn\u00edmi firmware se rovn\u011b\u017e zab\u00fdvala projektem Debian, co\u017e vy\u017eadovalo dodate\u010dn\u00e9 zdroje na sestaven\u00ed, testov\u00e1n\u00ed a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed neofici\u00e1ln\u00edch verz\u00ed, kter\u00e9 duplikuj\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Vznikla situace, kdy jsou neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed verze pro u\u017eivatele v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud chce zajistit norm\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu sv\u00e9ho hardwaru, zat\u00edmco instalace doporu\u010den\u00fdch ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch verz\u00ed \u010dasto vede k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s podporou hardwaru. Krom\u011b toho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed neofici\u00e1ln\u00edch verz\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00ed ide\u00e1lu ohledn\u011b dod\u00e1vky pouze otev\u0159en\u00e9ho softwaru a nev\u011bdom\u011b vede k popularizaci propriet\u00e1rn\u00edho softwaru, jeliko\u017e u\u017eivatel spolu s firmware dost\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00fd repozit\u00e1\u0159 non-free s dal\u0161\u00edm nesvobodn\u00fdm softwarem.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (GR, general resolution) \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0438 live-\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a. \u0412 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 «\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a». \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i Debian schv\u00e1lili dod\u00e1vku propriet\u00e1rn\u00edch firmware v instala\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch | ProHoster","description":"Byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v\u00fdsledky celkov\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed (GR, general resolution) v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f projektu Debian, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na spr\u00e1v\u011b bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed infrastruktury, na kter\u00e9m byla projedn\u00e1v\u00e1na ot\u00e1zka dod\u00e1vky.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-debian-utverdili-postavku-proprietarnyh-proshivok-v-ustanovochnyh-nositelyah","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 Debian \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (GR, general resolution) \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian, \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-debian-utverdili-postavku-proprietarnyh-proshivok-v-ustanovochnyh-nositelyah","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2022-10-02T13:36:41+00:00","article:modified_time":"2022-10-02T13:36:41+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105238","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105238"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105238\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105238"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105238"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105238"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}