{"id":105466,"date":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov"},"modified":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","slug":"lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","title":{"rendered":"Lennart Poettering navrhl modernizaci rozd\u011blen\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch odd\u00edl\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Lennart Pottering pokra\u010doval v publikaci my\u0161lenek na p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed komponent pro zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed Linuxu a prozkoumal situaci s duplikac\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch odd\u00edl\u016f. Nespokojenost vyvolalo pou\u017eit\u00ed dvou diskov\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi souborov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my pro organizaci po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou montov\u00e1ny vno\u0159en\u011b \u2014 odd\u00edlu \/boot\/efi zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na souborov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu VFAT s komponenty EFI firmware (EFI System Partition) a odd\u00edlu \/boot zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na souborov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu ext4, btrfs nebo xfs, na kter\u00e9m jsou um\u00edst\u011bny obrazy j\u00e1dra Linuxu a initrd, stejn\u011b jako nastaven\u00ed zavada\u010de. <\/p>\n

Situaci zhor\u0161uje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee odd\u00edl EFI je spole\u010dn\u00fd pro v\u0161echny syst\u00e9my, zat\u00edmco zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed odd\u00edl s j\u00e1drem a initrd je vytv\u00e1\u0159en samostatn\u011b pro ka\u017ed\u00fd nainstalovan\u00fd distribuci Linuxu, co\u017e vede k nutnosti vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f p\u0159i instalaci v\u00edce distribuc\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu. Na druhou stranu nutnost podpory r\u016fzn\u00fdch FS komplikuje zav\u00e1d\u011b\u010d, a vno\u0159en\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed odd\u00edl\u016f br\u00e1n\u00ed implementaci automatick\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed (odd\u00edl \/boot\/efi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojen pouze po p\u0159ipojen\u00ed odd\u00edlu \/boot). <\/p>\n

Lennart navrhl, aby se nach\u00e1zel pokud mo\u017eno pouze jeden zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed odd\u00edl a na syst\u00e9mech s EFI se ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed um\u00edstily obrazy s j\u00e1drem a initrd do odd\u00edlu VFAT \/efi. Na syst\u00e9mech bez EFI nebo pokud b\u011bhem instalace ji\u017e existuje odd\u00edl EFI (sou\u010dasn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed OS) a nen\u00ed v n\u011bm dostatek voln\u00e9ho m\u00edsta, lze pou\u017e\u00edt samostatn\u00fd odd\u00edl \/boot s typem XBOOTLDR (odd\u00edl \/efi v tabulce odd\u00edl\u016f m\u00e1 typ ESP). Odd\u00edly ESP a XBOOTLDR se navrhuj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et v samostatn\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u00edch (odd\u011blen\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed \/efi a \/boot nam\u00edsto vno\u0159en\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed \/boot\/efi), u\u010dinit je automaticky detekovateln\u00fdmi a automontovateln\u00fdmi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm identifikace podle typu XBOOTLDR v tabulce odd\u00edl\u016f (bez uveden\u00ed odd\u00edlu v \/etc\/fstab). <\/p>\n

Odd\u00edl \/boot bude spole\u010dn\u00fd pro v\u0161echny nainstalovan\u00e9 distribuce Linuxu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e specifick\u00e9 soubory pro jednotliv\u00e9 distribuce budou organizov\u00e1ny na \u00farovni podadres\u00e1\u0159\u016f (pro ka\u017edou nainstalovanou distribuci sv\u016fj podadres\u00e1\u0159). V souladu s ust\u00e1lenou prax\u00ed a po\u017eadavky specifikace UEFI se v odd\u00edlu s komponenty EFI pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m VFAT. Pro zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed a odstran\u011bn\u00ed komplikac\u00ed zavad\u011b\u010de spojen\u00fdch s podporou r\u016fzn\u00fdch FS se navrhuje pou\u017e\u00edvat VFAT tak\u00e9 jako souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro odd\u00edl \/boot, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b zjednodu\u0161\u00ed implementaci zavad\u011b\u010dov\u00fdch komponent, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm v odd\u00edlech \/boot a \/efi. Unifikace umo\u017en\u00ed rovnom\u011brnou podporu obou odd\u00edl\u016f (\/boot a \/efi) pro zbootov\u00e1n\u00ed obraz\u016f j\u00e1dra a initrd.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Lennart Poettering navrhl modernizaci rozd\u011blen\u00ed bootovac\u00edch odd\u00edl\u016f | ProHoster","description":"Lennart Poettering pokra\u010doval v publikaci my\u0161lenek na p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed komponent pro bootov\u00e1n\u00ed Linuxu a p\u0159ezkoumal situaci s duplikac\u00ed bootovac\u00edch 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