{"id":105497,"date":"2022-11-07T21:36:54","date_gmt":"2022-11-07T19:36:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predlozhen-mehanizm-blksnap-dlya-sozdaniya-snapshotov-blochnyh-ustrojstv-v-linux"},"modified":"2022-11-07T21:36:54","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T19:36:54","slug":"predlozhen-mehanizm-blksnap-dlya-sozdaniya-snapshotov-blochnyh-ustrojstv-v-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predlozhen-mehanizm-blksnap-dlya-sozdaniya-snapshotov-blochnyh-ustrojstv-v-linux","title":{"rendered":"Byl navr\u017een mechanismus blksnap pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Linuxu.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dnost Veeam, v\u00fdrobce softwaru pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed a obnovu po hav\u00e1rii, navrhla zahrnout do j\u00e1dra Linux modul blksnap, kter\u00fd implementuje mechanismus vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn v t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Pro pr\u00e1ci se sn\u00edmky byla p\u0159ipravena utilita p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku blksnap a knihovna blksnap.so, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z prostoru u\u017eivatele komunikovat s j\u00e1drov\u00fdm modulem prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vol\u00e1n\u00ed ioctl. <\/p>\n

C\u00edlem vytvo\u0159en\u00ed modulu je organizace z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed a virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch disk\u016f bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed provozu \u2014 modul umo\u017e\u0148uje zachytit v snapshotu aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav cel\u00e9ho blokov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a poskytuje pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed izolovan\u00fd v\u00fd\u0159ez, nez\u00e1visl\u00fd na pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch. D\u016fle\u017eitou vlastnost\u00ed blksnap je mo\u017enost sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed snapshot\u016f pro n\u011bkolik blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed najednou, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje nejen zajistit integritu dat na \u00farovni blokov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout konzistence stavu r\u016fzn\u00fdch blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00e1loze. <\/p>\n

Pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn byla do subsyst\u00e9mu blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (bdev) p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost p\u0159ipojen\u00ed filtr\u016f, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed zachyt\u00e1vat vstupn\u011b\/v\u00fdstupn\u00ed po\u017eadavky. V blksnap je implementov\u00e1n filtr, kter\u00fd zachycuje z\u00e1pisov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky, \u010dte starou hodnotu a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 ji do samostatn\u00e9ho seznamu zm\u011bn, ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho stav sn\u00edmku. P\u0159i takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu logika pr\u00e1ce s blokov\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezm\u011bn\u011bna, z\u00e1pis do p\u016fvodn\u00edho blokov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 tak, jak je, nez\u00e1visle na sn\u00edmc\u00edch, co\u017e vylu\u010duje mo\u017enost po\u0161kozen\u00ed dat a umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhnout se probl\u00e9m\u016fm i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vzniku nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch kritick\u00fdch chyb v blksnap a p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edsta vyhrazen\u00e9ho pro zm\u011bny. <\/p>\n

Modul tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010dit, kter\u00e9 bloky byly zm\u011bn\u011bny v obdob\u00ed mezi posledn\u00edm a jak\u00fdmkoli p\u0159edchoz\u00edm sn\u00edmkem, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro realizaci inkrement\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro uchov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn, vzhledem k stavu sn\u00edmku, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyhrazen libovoln\u00fd rozsah sektor\u016f na jak\u00e9mkoli blokov\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje ukl\u00e1dat zm\u011bny do samostatn\u00fdch soubor\u016f uvnit\u0159 FS na blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Velikost oblasti pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kdykoli zv\u00fd\u0161ena, i po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00edmku. <\/p>\n

Blksnap je zalo\u017een na k\u00f3du modulu veeamsnap, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed produktu Veeam Agent for Linux, ale byl p\u0159epracov\u00e1n s ohledem na specifika dod\u00e1n\u00ed v hlavn\u00edm j\u00e1dru Linuxu. Konceptu\u00e1ln\u00edm rozd\u00edlem blksnap od veeamsnap je zapojen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu filtr\u016f p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch k blokov\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, m\u00edsto samostatn\u00e9 komponenty bdevfilter, kter\u00e1 zachycuje vstup\/v\u00fdstup.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Veeam, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c blksnap \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0448\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0448\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 blksnap \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 blksnap.so, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ioctl-\u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Navr\u017een mechanismus blksnap pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v Linuxu | ProHoster","description":"Spole\u010dnost Veeam, kter\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u00ed software pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed a obnovu po hav\u00e1ri\u00edch, navrhla za\u0159azen\u00ed modulu blksnap do j\u00e1dra Linuxu s implementac\u00ed mechanismu pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predlozhen-mehanizm-blksnap-dlya-sozdaniya-snapshotov-blochnyh-ustrojstv-v-linux","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c blksnap \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0448\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0432 Linux | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Veeam, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c blksnap \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0448\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predlozhen-mehanizm-blksnap-dlya-sozdaniya-snapshotov-blochnyh-ustrojstv-v-linux","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2022-11-07T19:36:54+00:00","article:modified_time":"2022-11-07T19:36:54+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105497\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}