{"id":108554,"date":"2023-05-17T00:48:11","date_gmt":"2023-05-16T22:48:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=108554"},"modified":"2023-05-17T10:40:17","modified_gmt":"2023-05-17T08:40:17","slug":"ataka-pmfault-pozvolyayushhaya-vyvesti-iz-stroya-cpu-na-nekotoryh-servernyh-sistemah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/ataka-pmfault-pozvolyayushhaya-vyvesti-iz-stroya-cpu-na-nekotoryh-servernyh-sistemah","title":{"rendered":"\u00datok PMFault, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit selh\u00e1n\u00ed CPU na n\u011bkter\u00fdch serverov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z univerzity v Birminghamu, zn\u00e1m\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve v\u00fdvojem \u00fatok\u016f Plundervolt a VoltPillager, odhalili zranitelnost (CVE-2022-43309) v n\u011bkter\u00fdch serverov\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje fyzicky po\u0161kodit CPU bez mo\u017enosti jeho n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho obnoven\u00ed. Zranitelnost, kter\u00e1 byla ozna\u010dena jako PMFault, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita k po\u0161kozen\u00ed server\u016f, k nim\u017e \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk nem\u00e1 fyzick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, ale m\u00e1 privilegovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k opera\u010dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu, z\u00edskan\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku zneu\u017eit\u00ed neopravovan\u00e9 zranitelnosti nebo odcizen\u00ed administr\u00e1torsk\u00fdch p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. <\/p>\n

Podstatou navrhovan\u00e9 metody je vyu\u017eit\u00ed rozhran\u00ed PMBus, v n\u011bm\u017e se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 protokol I2C, pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho procesoru na \u00farovn\u011b, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u010dipu. Rozhran\u00ed PMBus je obvykle implementov\u00e1no v modulu VRM (Voltage Regulator Module), k n\u011bmu\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup manipulac\u00ed s BMC (Baseboard Management Controller). Pro proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku na desky podporuj\u00edc\u00ed PMBus je krom\u011b administr\u00e1torsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v v opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu vy\u017eadov\u00e1n programov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k BMC, nap\u0159\u00edklad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozhran\u00ed IPMI KCS (Keyboard Controller Style), p\u0159es Ethernet nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159eflashov\u00e1n\u00ed BMC z aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n

Existence probl\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00fatok bez znalosti autentiza\u010dn\u00edch parametr\u016f v BMC, byla potvrzena na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desk\u00e1ch Supermicro s podporou IPMI (X11, X12, H11 a H12) a ASRock, ale zranitelnosti se rovn\u011b\u017e t\u00fdkaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00edch serverov\u00fdch desek, u kter\u00fdch je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k PMBus. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu experiment\u016f bylo po\u0161kozeno dv\u011b procesory Intel Xeon p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed na 2,84 voltu na t\u011bchto desk\u00e1ch. Pro p\u0159\u00edstup k BMC bez znalosti autentiza\u010dn\u00edch parametr\u016f, ale p\u0159i existenci root p\u0159\u00edstupu k opera\u010dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu byla vyu\u017eita zranitelnost v mechanizmu verifikace firmwaru, kter\u00e1 umo\u017enila nahr\u00e1t do BMC modifikovanou aktualizaci firmwaru a tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost neautentizovan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu p\u0159es IPMI KCS. <\/p>\n

Metoda zm\u011bny nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159es PMBus m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 pou\u017eita k proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku Plundervolt, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00ed na minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 po\u0161kodit obsah datov\u00fdch bun\u011bk v CPU, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtech v izolovan\u00fdch enclav\u00e1ch Intel SGX a generovat chyby v p\u016fvodn\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch algoritmech. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud se poda\u0159\u00ed zm\u011bnit hodnotu pou\u017e\u00edvanou p\u0159i n\u00e1soben\u00ed b\u011bhem \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdsledkem bude nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u0161ifrotext. T\u00edm, \u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159istupovat k zpracovateli v SGX k \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch dat, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i zp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017edit statistiky o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch \u0161ifrotextu na v\u00fdstupu a obnovit hodnotu kl\u00ed\u010de ulo\u017een\u00e9ho v enclav\u011b SGX. <\/p>\n

N\u00e1stroje pro proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku na desky Supermicro a ASRock, stejn\u011b jako utilita pro kontrolu p\u0159\u00edstupu k PMBus, byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny na GitHubu.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0411\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a Plundervolt \u0438 VoltPillager, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2022-43309) \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f CPU \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f PMFault, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47\u00datok PMFault, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje deaktivaci CPU na n\u011bkter\u00fdch serverov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech | ProHoster","description":"V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Birmingham University, d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00ed v\u00fdvojem \u00fatok\u016f Plundervolt a VoltPillager, odhalili zranitelnost (CVE-2022-43309) v n\u011bkter\u00fdch serverov\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje fyzick\u00e9 vypnut\u00ed.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/ataka-pmfault-pozvolyayushhaya-vyvesti-iz-stroya-cpu-na-nekotoryh-servernyh-sistemah","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 PMFault, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f CPU \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0411\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a Plundervolt \u0438 VoltPillager, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2022-43309) \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/ataka-pmfault-pozvolyayushhaya-vyvesti-iz-stroya-cpu-na-nekotoryh-servernyh-sistemah","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2023-05-16T22:48:11+00:00","article:modified_time":"2023-05-17T08:40:17+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}