{"id":108905,"date":"2023-06-10T15:10:21","date_gmt":"2023-06-10T13:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=108905"},"modified":"2023-06-12T14:16:27","modified_gmt":"2023-06-12T12:16:27","slug":"reliz-debian-12-bookworm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/reliz-debian-12-bookworm","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Debian 12 \u201eBookworm\u201c","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvou letech v\u00fdvoje byl vyd\u00e1n Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), kter\u00fd je dostupn\u00fd pro dev\u011bt ofici\u00e1ln\u011b podporovan\u00fdch architektur: Intel IA-32\/x86 (i686), AMD64\/x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), ARM64, ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) a IBM System z (s390x). Aktualizace pro Debian 12 budou vyd\u00e1v\u00e1ny po dobu 5 let.    <\/p>\n<p>K dispozici jsou instala\u010dn\u00ed obrazy, kter\u00e9 lze st\u00e1hnout prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm HTTP, jigdo nebo BitTorrent. Pro architektury amd64 a i386 byly vyvinuty LiveUSB, dostupn\u00e9 v variant\u00e1ch s GNOME, KDE, LXDE, Xfce, Cinnamon a MATE, stejn\u011b jako multiarhitektonick\u00e9 DVD, kter\u00e9 kombinuje bal\u00ed\u010dky pro platformu amd64 s dal\u0161\u00edmi bal\u00ed\u010dky pro architekturu i386. P\u0159ed migra\u010dn\u00ed procedurou z Debianu 11 \u201eBullseye\u201c je doporu\u010deno se sezn\u00e1mit s n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm dokumentem.        <\/p>\n<p>V repozit\u00e1\u0159i je k dispozici 64419 bin\u00e1rn\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, co\u017e je o 4868 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v\u00edce ne\u017e v Debianu 11. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Debianem 11 bylo p\u0159id\u00e1no 11089 nov\u00fdch bin\u00e1rn\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, bylo odstran\u011bno 6296 (10%) zastaral\u00fdch nebo opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, aktualizov\u00e1no 43254 (67%) bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. Celkov\u00fd souhrnn\u00fd objem v\u0161ech nab\u00edzen\u00fdch zdrojov\u00fdch text\u016f v distribuci \u010din\u00ed 1 341 564 204 \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f k\u00f3du. Celkov\u00e1 velikost v\u0161ech bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f \u2013 365 GB. Pro 96.3% (v p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u011btvi 95.7%) bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna podpora opakovan\u00fdch sestaven\u00ed, kter\u00e1 potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee spustiteln\u00fd soubor byl skute\u010dn\u011b sestaven ze deklarovan\u00fdch zdrojov\u00fdch text\u016f a neobsahuje ciz\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad provedeny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u00fatoku na sestavovac\u00ed infrastrukturu nebo zadn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu v kompil\u00e1toru.    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed zm\u011bny v Debianu 12.0:       <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch instala\u010dn\u00edch obraz\u016f, krom\u011b svobodn\u00fdch firmwar\u016f z repozit\u00e1\u0159e main, jsou i propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed firmwary, kter\u00e9 byly d\u0159\u00edve dostupn\u00e9 p\u0159es repozit\u00e1\u0159 non-free. Pokud za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vy\u017eaduje extern\u00ed firmwary pro svou \u010dinnost, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed firmwary jsou automaticky sta\u017eeny. Pro u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed preferuj\u00ed pouze svobodn\u00fd software, je b\u011bhem spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed k dispozici mo\u017enost deaktivace pou\u017eit\u00ed nesvobodn\u00fdch firmwar\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n nov\u00fd repozit\u00e1\u0159 non-free-firmware, do kter\u00e9ho byly z repozit\u00e1\u0159e non-free p\u0159esunuty bal\u00ed\u010dky s firmwarem. V instala\u010dn\u00edm programu je k dispozici mo\u017enost dynamick\u00e9ho po\u017eadavku bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f s firmwarem z repozit\u00e1\u0159e non-free-firmware. P\u0159\u00edtomnost samostatn\u00e9ho repozit\u00e1\u0159e s firmwarem umo\u017enila zaru\u010dit p\u0159\u00edstup k firmwaru bez zahrnut\u00ed do instala\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed obecn\u00e9ho repozit\u00e1\u0159e non-free.\n<li class=\"l\"> J\u00e1dro Linuxu bylo aktualizov\u00e1no na verzi 6.1 (v Debianu 11 bylo dod\u00e1v\u00e1no j\u00e1dro 5.10). Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny systemd 252, Apt 2.6 a Glibc 2.36.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl aktualizov\u00e1n grafick\u00fd stack a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed: GNOME 43, KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.2, Xfce 4.18, Mesa 22.3.6, X.Org Server 21.1, Wayland 1.21. V prost\u0159ed\u00ed GNOME je jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed multimedi\u00e1ln\u00ed server vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n Pipewire a spr\u00e1vce zvukov\u00fdch sezen\u00ed WirePlumber.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 aplikace, nap\u0159\u00edklad LibreOffice 7.4, GNUcash 4.13, Emacs 28.2, GIMP 2.10.34, Inkscape 1.2.2, VLC 3.0.18, Vim 9.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny serverov\u00e9 aplikace, nap\u0159\u00edklad Apache httpd 2.4.57, BIND 9.18, Dovecot 2.3.19, Exim 4.96, lighttpd 1.4.69, Postfix 3.7, MariaDB 10.11, nginx 1.22, PostgreSQL 15, Redis 7.0, SQLite 3.40, Samba 4.17, OpenSSH 9.2p1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, v\u010detn\u011b GCC 12.2, LLVM\/Clang 14 (k instalaci je dostupn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 15.0.6), OpenJDK 17, Perl 5.36, PHP 8.2, Python 3.11.2, Rust 1.63, Ruby 3.1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora pro pr\u00e1ci se souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem APFS (Apple File System) v re\u017eimu \u010dten\u00ed a z\u00e1pisu, s vyu\u017eit\u00edm bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f apfsprogs a apfs-dkms. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je n\u00e1stroj ntfs2btrfs pro p\u0159evod NTFS odd\u00edl\u016f na Btrfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora knihovny pro distribuci pam\u011bti mimalloc, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako pr\u016fhledn\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada funkce malloc. Charakteristick\u00fdm rysem mimallocu je kompaktnost implementace a velmi vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon (v testech mimalloc p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed jemalloc, tcmalloc, snmalloc, rpmalloc a Hoard).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n bal\u00ed\u010dek ksmbd-tools a realizov\u00e1na podpora vestav\u011bn\u00e9 v j\u00e1d\u0159e Linuxu implementace souborov\u00e9ho <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"serveru\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3915\">serveru<\/a> na b\u00e1zi protokolu SMB.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n soubor nov\u00fdch font\u016f a aktualizov\u00e1ny d\u0159\u00edve nab\u00edzen\u00e9 fonty. Byl uveden spr\u00e1vce font\u016f fnt (analog apt pro fonty), kter\u00fd \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly instalace dodate\u010dn\u00fdch font\u016f a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed existuj\u00edc\u00edch font\u016f v aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm stavu. Pomoc\u00ed fnt lze nainstalovat nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed fonty p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 v repozit\u00e1\u0159i Debian Sid, stejn\u011b jako extern\u00ed fonty z kolekce Google Web Fonts.\n<li class=\"l\"> V zavad\u011b\u010di GRUB je pro detekci dal\u0161\u00edch nainstalovan\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a generov\u00e1n\u00ed nab\u00eddky pro jejich spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pou\u017eit bal\u00ed\u010dek os-prober. Mezi jin\u00fdm je p\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bna detekce ji\u017e nainstalovan\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Windows 11.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z d\u016fvodu ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvoje byly odstran\u011bny bal\u00ed\u010dky libpam-ldap a libnss-ldap, m\u00edsto nich se doporu\u010duje pro autentizaci u\u017eivatel\u016f p\u0159es LDAP pou\u017e\u00edvat funk\u010dn\u011b ekvivalentn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dky libpam-ldapd a libnss-ldapd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo ukon\u010deno v\u00fdchoz\u00ed nastaven\u00ed na pozad\u00ed procesu pro veden\u00ed log\u016f, jako je rsyslog. Pro prohl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed log\u016f je m\u00edsto anal\u00fdzy soubor\u016f s logy doporu\u010deno pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1stroj \u201esystemd journalctl\u201c. Star\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed lze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby vr\u00e1tit instalac\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku system-log-daemon.\n<li class=\"l\">Z bal\u00ed\u010dku systemd byly odd\u011bleny bal\u00ed\u010dky systemd-resolved a systemd-boot. V bal\u00ed\u010dku systemd byl klient pro synchronizaci \u010dasu systemd-timesyncd p\u0159eveden z povinn\u00fdch na doporu\u010den\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e1d\u011bt minim\u00e1ln\u00ed instalace bez NTP klienta.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla obnovena podpora spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v re\u017eimu UEFI Secure Boot pro syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architektu\u0159e ARM64.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00ed\u010dek fdflush byl odstran\u011bn, m\u00edsto n\u011bj by m\u011blo b\u00fdt pou\u017eito \u201eblockdev \u2013flushbufs\u201c z util-linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly odstran\u011bny programy tempfile a rename.ul, m\u00edsto toho se doporu\u010duje v skriptech pou\u017e\u00edvat utility mktemp a file-rename.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00e1stroj which byl ozna\u010den jako zastaral\u00fd a bude odstran\u011bn v budouc\u00edch vyd\u00e1n\u00edch. Jako n\u00e1hradu se v bash skriptech doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159\u00edkazy \u201etype\u201c nebo \u201etype -a\u201c pro ur\u010den\u00ed cesty k spustiteln\u00fdm soubor\u016fm.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly vyhl\u00e1\u0161eny za zastaral\u00e9 a budou odstran\u011bny v Debianu 13 bal\u00ed\u010dky libnss-gw-name, dmraid a request-tracker4.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed trval\u00fdch n\u00e1zv\u016f s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed (\u201eenX0\u201c) pro virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Xen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora nov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fdch na procesorech ARM a RISC-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky (man) v ru\u0161tin\u011b a ukrajin\u0161tin\u011b.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny sb\u00edrky tematick\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s medic\u00ednou, biologi\u00ed a astronomi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipravily t\u00fdmy Debian Med a Debian Astro. Nap\u0159\u00edklad byly zahrnuty bal\u00ed\u010dky jako shiny-server (platforma pro hostov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed napsan\u00fdch v jazyce R), openvlbi (korrel\u00e1tor pro teleskopy), astap (zpracovatel astronomick\u00fdch obraz\u016f), planetary-system-stacker (tvo\u0159\u00ed obr\u00e1zky planet z fragment\u016f), nov\u00e9 ovlada\u010de a knihovny s podporou protokolu INDI, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Astropy Pythonu (python3-extinction, python3-sncosmo, python3-specreduce, python3-synphot), Java knihoven pro pr\u00e1ci s form\u00e1ty ECSV a TFCAT.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do repozit\u00e1\u0159e byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny bal\u00ed\u010dky vyv\u00edjen\u00e9 projektem UBports s u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm Lomiri (b\u00fdval\u00fd Unity 8) a displejov\u00fdm <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"serverem\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3080\">serverem<\/a> Mirem 2, kter\u00fd funguje jako kompozitn\u00ed server zalo\u017een\u00fd na Waylandu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na fin\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1zi p\u0159\u00edpravy vyd\u00e1n\u00ed byl odlo\u017een p\u016fvodn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd p\u0159echod v Debianu 12 na nov\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed, kde adres\u00e1\u0159e \/bin, \/sbin a \/lib* jsou zobrazeny jako symbolick\u00e9 odkazy na odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159e uvnit\u0159 \/usr.     <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59273\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440: Intel IA-32\/x86 (i686), AMD64\/x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), ARM64, ARMv7 (armhf), mipsel, mips64el, PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) \u0438 IBM System z (s390x). \u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f Debian 12 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Debian GNU\/Linux 12.0 (Bookworm), \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f 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