{"id":110721,"date":"2023-10-10T15:10:19","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T13:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/google-perepisal-na-yazyke-rust-proshivku-pvmfm-ispolzuemuyu-v-android"},"modified":"2023-10-10T15:10:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T13:10:19","slug":"google-perepisal-na-yazyke-rust-proshivku-pvmfm-ispolzuemuyu-v-android","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/google-perepisal-na-yazyke-rust-proshivku-pvmfm-ispolzuemuyu-v-android","title":{"rendered":"Google p\u0159epsal firmwaru pvmfm, pou\u017e\u00edvanou v Androidu, v jazyce Rust.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V r\u00e1mci snahy o pos\u00edlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti kritick\u00fdch programov\u00fdch komponent platformy Android spole\u010dnost Google p\u0159epsala firmwaru pvmfm, kter\u00e1 je pou\u017eita pro organizaci pr\u00e1ce virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch hypervizorem pVM v r\u00e1mci Android Virtualization Framework. D\u0159\u00edve byla firma napsan\u00e1 v C a implementov\u00e1na nad bootloaderem U-Boot, v jeho\u017e k\u00f3du byly d\u0159\u00edve nalezeny zranitelnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z probl\u00e9m\u016f s pam\u011bt\u00ed. <\/p>\n

P\u0159epsan\u00e1 firware v Rustu je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Androidu 14, a b\u011bhem v\u00fdvoje firmwaru vznikly univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed knihovny, kter\u00e9 byly zformov\u00e1ny do crate-bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a p\u0159ed\u00e1ny komunit\u011b Rust. Nap\u0159\u00edklad byl publikov\u00e1n bal\u00ed\u010dek smccc pro podporu ARM rozhran\u00ed PSCI (Power State Coordination Interface) a vol\u00e1n\u00ed SMCCC (SMC Calling Convention), a bal\u00ed\u010dek aarch64-paging pro manipulaci se str\u00e1nkovac\u00edmi tabulkami pam\u011bti. Tak\u00e9 byla provedena pr\u00e1ce na odstran\u011bn\u00ed chyb a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed funkcionality existuj\u00edc\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku virtio-drivers s implementac\u00ed ovlada\u010d\u016f VirtIO. Krom\u011b platformy Android jsou uveden\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v projektu Oak, kter\u00fd vyv\u00edj\u00ed komponenty pro p\u0159enos, ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat v zabezpe\u010den\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch (TEE, Trusted Execution Environment). <\/p>\n

Hypervizor pVM z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 kontrolu v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u00faplnou izolaci pam\u011bti virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f<\/a> a hostitelsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e zabra\u0148uje hostitelsk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu v p\u0159\u00edstupu k chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroj\u016fm, ve kter\u00fdch prob\u00edh\u00e1 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed citliv\u00fdch dat. Firmware pvmfm (Protected Virtual Machine Firmware) z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 kontrolu ihned po spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho stroje, prov\u00e1d\u00ed kontrolu vytvo\u0159en\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a rozhoduje o nouzov\u00e9m p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s integritou, nebo generuje spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00ed certifik\u00e1t pro hostitelsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b potvrzen\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce d\u016fv\u011bry. <\/p>\n

P\u0159evod do jazyka Rust umo\u017e\u0148uje snadn\u011bji a bezpe\u010dn\u011bji dodr\u017eovat \u201epravidlo dvou\u201c, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Google k udr\u017een\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch komponent\u016f Android. Podle tohoto pravidla mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159idan\u00fd k\u00f3d spl\u0148ovat nejv\u00fd\u0161e dv\u011b z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed podm\u00ednek: pr\u00e1ce s neov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdmi vstupy, pou\u017eit\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho programovac\u00edho jazyka (C\/C++) a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed s zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi privilegii. Z tohoto pravidla vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee k\u00f3d pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt bu\u010f omezen na minim\u00e1ln\u00ed privilegium (izolov\u00e1n), nebo naps\u00e1n v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m programovac\u00edm jazyce. Podle statistiky Google p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 70 % v\u0161ech nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch zranitelnost\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch v Androidu je zp\u016fsobeno chybami v pr\u00e1ci s pam\u011bt\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Rust se zam\u011b\u0159uje na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s pam\u011bt\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vzniku zranitelnost\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch takov\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my, jako je p\u0159\u00edstup do oblasti pam\u011bti po jej\u00edm uvoln\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed meze bufferu. Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s pam\u011bt\u00ed v Rustu je zaji\u0161t\u011bno b\u011bhem kompilace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kontroly referenc\u00ed, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed objekt\u016f a zohledn\u011bn\u00ed doby \u017eivota objekt\u016f (oblast viditelnosti), a tak\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed spr\u00e1vnosti p\u0159\u00edstupu k pam\u011bti b\u011bhem b\u011bhu k\u00f3du. Rust tak\u00e9 poskytuje n\u00e1stroje na ochranu proti celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdm p\u0159ete\u010den\u00edm, vy\u017eaduje povinnou inicializaci hodnot prom\u011bnn\u00fdch p\u0159ed pou\u017eit\u00edm, l\u00e9pe zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 chyby ve standardn\u00ed knihovn\u011b, aplikuje koncept nem\u011bnnosti (immutable) referenc\u00ed a prom\u011bnn\u00fdch jako standard, a nab\u00edz\u00ed silnou statickou typizaci pro minimalizaci logick\u00fdch chyb. <\/p>\n

Mezi obt\u00ed\u017eemi, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fdch komponent v jazyce Rust, jako jsou ovlada\u010de, se zmi\u0148uje pot\u0159eba pr\u00e1ce s hol\u00fdmi ukazateli v re\u017eimu unsafe, jeliko\u017e byl Rust navr\u017een s ohledem na pou\u017eit\u00ed pam\u011bti alokovan\u00e9 v programu, a v k\u00f3du pracuj\u00edc\u00edm bez vrstev nad hardwarem je nutn\u00e9 se obracet na sd\u00edlenou pam\u011b\u0165 a MMIO. V sou\u010dasnosti mo\u017enosti Rustu pro pr\u00e1ci s hol\u00fdmi ukazateli zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed mnoho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, ale situace by se m\u011bla zm\u011bnit po stabilizaci podpory makros offset_of, slice_ptr_get a slice_ptr_len. <\/p>\n

Mezi nev\u00fdhody se tak\u00e9 vyplat\u00ed zm\u00ednit pot\u0159ebu vylep\u0161en\u00e9 syntaxe pro p\u0159\u00edstup k pol\u00edm struktur a index\u016fm pol\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u010dist\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f bez vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed referenc\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako omezen\u00ed p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch obal\u016f kolem unsafe operac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou vyvolat neur\u010dit\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed a nelze je ov\u011b\u0159it p\u0159eklada\u010dem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad je nemo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it takov\u00e9 obaly pro operace se str\u00e1nkov\u00fdmi tabulkami pam\u011bti, proto\u017ee mapov\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nek v jedn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti programu m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti. <\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fd\u010de velikosti v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, star\u00e1 verze firmwaru pVM zab\u00edrala 220 kB, zat\u00edmco nov\u00e1 \u2014 460 kB, ale p\u0159itom do p\u0159epsan\u00e9 verze byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, d\u00edky nim\u017e se poda\u0159ilo zbavit n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch komponent\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i bootov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nakonec se celkov\u00e1 velikost v\u0161ech star\u00fdch a nov\u00fdch bootovac\u00edch komponent\u016f uk\u00e1zala jako srovnateln\u00e1. Je zaznamen\u00e1no, \u017ee kdy\u017e je velikost d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00fdkon, lze srovnateln\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky s jazykem C dos\u00e1hnout zapnut\u00edm dodate\u010dn\u00fdch re\u017eim\u016f optimalizace velikosti v kompil\u00e1toru, odstran\u011bn\u00edm zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed a nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm prost\u0159edk\u016f pro form\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. <\/p>\n

D\u00e1le se zmi\u0148uje pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na realizaci spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed (Trusted Application) napsan\u00fdch v jazyce Rust v opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu Trusty, kter\u00fd poskytuje TEE prost\u0159ed\u00ed (Trusted Execution Environment) pro Android, b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed paraleln\u011b s Androidem na stejn\u00e9m procesoru v odd\u011blen\u00e9m izola\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Trusty se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch Pixel a ji\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Rust v knihovn\u00e1ch a syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch komponent\u00e1ch (j\u00e1dro z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na C).
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Android \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 pvmfm, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c pVM \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 Android Virtualization Framework. \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 U-Boot, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Google p\u0159epracoval firmware pvmfm na jazyk Rust, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v Androidu | ProHoster","description":"V r\u00e1mci \u00fasil\u00ed o pos\u00edlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti kritick\u00fdch softwarov\u00fdch komponent platformy Android p\u0159epracovala spole\u010dnost Google firmware pvmfm na jazyk Rust, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k organizaci pr\u00e1ce virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/google-perepisal-na-yazyke-rust-proshivku-pvmfm-ispolzuemuyu-v-android","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Google \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 pvmfm, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0432 Android | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Android \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 pvmfm, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/google-perepisal-na-yazyke-rust-proshivku-pvmfm-ispolzuemuyu-v-android","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2023-10-10T13:10:19+00:00","article:modified_time":"2023-10-10T13:10:19+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"110721","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2026-02-09 17:11:16","updated":"2026-02-09 17:11:16","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110721"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159314,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110721\/revisions\/159314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}