Byl vyd\u00e1n Node.js 21.0, platforma pro b\u011bh s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v jazyce JavaScript. Podpora verze Node.js 21.0 bude poskytov\u00e1na po dobu 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. V nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch dnech bude dokon\u010dena stabilizace verze Node.js 20, kter\u00e1 z\u00edsk\u00e1 status LTS a bude podporov\u00e1na do dubna 2026. Podpora p\u0159edchoz\u00ed LTS verze Node.js 18.0 potrv\u00e1 do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2025, a p\u0159edchoz\u00ed LTS verze 16.0 do dubna 2024. <\/p>\n
Hlavn\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed: <\/p>\n
Platforma Node.js m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita jak pro serverov\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed chodu webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, tak pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00fdch klientsk\u00fdch a serverov\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch program\u016f. Pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed funkcionality aplikac\u00ed pro Node.js je k dispozici rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 sb\u00edrka modul\u016f, ve kter\u00e9 lze nal\u00e9zt moduly s realizacemi servery<\/a> a klient\u016f HTTP, SMTP, XMPP, DNS, FTP, IMAP, POP3, moduly pro integraci s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi webov\u00fdmi frameworky, zpracovatele WebSocket a Ajax, konektory k datab\u00e1z\u00edm (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MongoDB), \u0161ablonovac\u00ed enginy, CSS frameworky, implementace kryptografick\u00fdch algoritm\u016f a syst\u00e9m\u016f autorizace (OAuth), XML parsery. <\/p>\n Aby Node.js zvl\u00e1dl zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu paraleln\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 asynchronn\u00ed model spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed k\u00f3du zalo\u017een\u00fd na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v nezablokovan\u00e9m re\u017eimu a ur\u010den\u00ed callback-handler\u016f. Mezi metody multiplexov\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed epoll, kqueue, \/dev\/poll a select. Pro multiplexov\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 knihovna libuv, kter\u00e1 je nadstavbou nad libev v syst\u00e9mech Unix a nad IOCP ve Windows. Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vl\u00e1kna (thread pool) se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 knihovna libeio a pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed DNS dotaz\u016f v nezablokovan\u00e9m re\u017eimu je integrov\u00e1n c-ares. V\u0161echny syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed blokaci, jsou prov\u00e1d\u011bny uvnit\u0159 vl\u00e1kna a n\u00e1sledn\u011b, stejn\u011b jako zpracovatel\u00e9 sign\u00e1l\u016f, p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdsledek sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zp\u011bt prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm anonymn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu (pipe). Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed JavaScriptov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du je zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1no prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00ed motoru V8 vyvinut\u00e9ho spole\u010dnost\u00ed Google (nav\u00edc Microsoft vyv\u00edj\u00ed variantu Node.js s motorem Chakra-Core). <\/p>\n Podstatou je, \u017ee Node.js je podobn\u00fd r\u00e1mc\u016fm Perl AnyEvent, Ruby Event Machine, Python Twisted a implementaci ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v Tcl, ale cyklus zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed (event loop) v Node.js je skryt p\u0159ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em a p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed ve webov\u00e9 aplikaci b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di. P\u0159i psan\u00ed aplikac\u00ed pro node.js je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v \u00favahu specifika ud\u00e1lostmi orientovan\u00e9ho programov\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad nam\u00edsto prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u201evar result = db.query(\u201eselect..\u201c);\u201c s \u010dek\u00e1n\u00edm na dokon\u010den\u00ed a n\u00e1slednou zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f, se v Node.js pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 princip asynchronn\u00edho vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, tj. k\u00f3d je transformov\u00e1n na \u201edb.query(\u201eselect..\u201c, function (result) {zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledku});\u201c, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ejde k dal\u0161\u00edmu k\u00f3du a v\u00fdsledek dotazu bude zpracov\u00e1n, jakmile budou data p\u0159ijata. \u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node.js 21.0, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 JavaScript. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 21.0 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 6 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u0412 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 20, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 LTS \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 18.0 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Serverov\u00e1 JavaScript platforma Node.js 21.0 je k dispozici | ProHoster","description":"Bylo uvoln\u011bno Node.js 21.0, platformy pro b\u011bh s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v jazyce JavaScript. 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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"