James Bottomley z odd\u011blen\u00ed IBM Research, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 subsyst\u00e9my SCSI a PA-RISC v j\u00e1dru Linux a d\u0159\u00edve vedl technick\u00fd v\u00fdbor Linux Foundation, navrhl \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu s mo\u017en\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm postihem v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f otev\u0159en\u00e9ho k\u00f3du za chyby v k\u00f3du nebo nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed. <\/p>\n
My\u0161lenka spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, aby se pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost za chyby v zdrojov\u00e9m k\u00f3du p\u0159evedla z v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f otev\u0159en\u00fdch projekt\u016f na dodavatele kone\u010dn\u00fdch komer\u010dn\u00edch produkt\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na tomto k\u00f3du, tzn. p\u0159esunout odpov\u011bdnost od t\u011bch, kdo k\u00f3d vyv\u00edjej\u00ed, na ty, kdo na tomto k\u00f3du vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud spole\u010dnost pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 t\u0159et\u00ed stranu otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d ve sv\u00e9m produktu a chyba\/zranitelnost v tomto k\u00f3du zp\u016fsobila \u0161kodu u\u017eivateli, pak by v takov\u00e9 situaci m\u011bl odpov\u00eddat a hradit \u0161kody v\u00fdrobce p\u0159edan\u00e9ho komer\u010dn\u00edho softwarov\u00e9ho produktu u\u017eivateli, a ne v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 otev\u0159en\u00e9 knihovny. <\/p>\n
P\u0159eveden\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti se navrhuje realizovat p\u0159ipojen\u00edm k licenci ustanoven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 uv\u00e1d\u00ed souhlas s uhrazen\u00edm ztr\u00e1t a ochranou \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f v\u00fdvoje p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmikoli pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi n\u00e1roky v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fapln\u00e9ho nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed poskytovan\u00e9ho pod touto licenc\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du jako komponenty nebo produktu v jurisdikc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 povinnosti pro \u00fadr\u017ebu softwarov\u00fdch produkt\u016f. <\/p>\n
V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 praxi je k odstran\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch rizik dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edt v licenci varov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201eAS IS\u201c, ve kter\u00e9m je uvedeno, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 nenese odpov\u011bdnost za chyby, neposkytuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky na funk\u010dnost k\u00f3du a nep\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 povinnosti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f, a spot\u0159ebitel souhlas\u00ed s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm k\u00f3du na vlastn\u00ed riziko. Nedostatek z\u00e1ruk od v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f podn\u00edtil rozvoj obchodn\u00edho modelu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na placen\u00e9 technick\u00e9 podpo\u0159e, kter\u00fd dominoval v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi formov\u00e1n\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu otev\u0159en\u00e9ho softwaru. <\/p>\n
Jak se otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d dost\u00e1val do pr\u016fmyslu a rostl z\u00e1jem korporac\u00ed o jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed, za\u010dala se rozv\u00edjet koncepce vlivu na v\u00fdvoj prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm neziskov\u00fdch nadac\u00ed \u2014 na z\u00e1klad\u011b velk\u00e9ho projektu se zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 fond, kter\u00fd z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 financov\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00fdvoj od velk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 na opl\u00e1tku z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed mo\u017enost vstoupit do dozor\u010d\u00edho technick\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru a \u00fa\u010dastnit se kolektivn\u00edho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o dal\u0161\u00edm rozvoji. Vznik nadac\u00ed zm\u011bnil p\u0159\u00edstup k otev\u0159en\u00fdm projekt\u016fm, kter\u00e9 byly za\u010daly b\u00fdt vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako n\u00e1stroj rozvoje technologick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, nikoli jako chaotick\u00e9 \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f. Zm\u011bnila se tak\u00e9 percepce odpov\u011bdnosti za probl\u00e9my v otev\u0159en\u00e9m k\u00f3du \u2014 m\u00edsto ochrany jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f byl bod o absenci povinnost\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako mo\u017enost uniknout odpov\u011bdnosti velk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9 produkty. <\/p>\n
Situace s odm\u00edtnut\u00edm z\u00e1vazk\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b schv\u00e1len\u00ed z\u00e1kona o kybernetick\u00e9 odolnosti v Evropsk\u00e9 unii, kter\u00fd ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 ur\u010ditou odpov\u011bdnost v\u00fdrobci softwaru, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b nezaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a okam\u017eit\u011b neodstra\u0148uj\u00ed zranitelnosti b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu produktu. N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona se dot\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u00fdrobc\u016f komer\u010dn\u00edho softwaru a podle prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce poskytne zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u00fdjimku pro software s otev\u0159en\u00fdmi licencemi, ale nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky, \u017ee se v budoucnu n\u011bkde nep\u0159ijme podobn\u00fd z\u00e1kon bez takov\u00fdch v\u00fdjimek. <\/p>\n
Jako p\u0159\u00edklad rizik spojen\u00fdch s odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f se tak\u00e9 zmi\u0148uje soudn\u00ed spor zah\u00e1jen\u00fd ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, v n\u011bm\u017e spole\u010dnost Tulip Trading, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i hacku ztratila bitcoiny v hodnot\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4 miliardy dolar\u016f, po\u017eaduje po v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u00edch syst\u00e9mu Bitcoin, aby provedli zm\u011bny v k\u00f3du blockchainu pro navr\u00e1cen\u00ed ztracen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky. \u017daloba byla pod\u00e1na proti v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm n\u00e1strojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, nikoli proti provozovatel\u016fm s\u00edt\u011b Bitcoin. Soud prvn\u00edho stupn\u011b zam\u00edtl \u017ealobu na z\u00e1klad\u011b ustanoven\u00ed v licenci o vylou\u010den\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti, av\u0161ak odvolac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pokra\u010dovalo, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e odvolac\u00ed soud z\u0159ejm\u011b tak\u00e9 zam\u00edtne \u017ealobu, a to tentokr\u00e1t kv\u016fli neschopnosti spole\u010dnosti Tulip Trading prok\u00e1zat vlastnictv\u00ed bitcoin\u016f v uveden\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i. \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441 \u0411\u043e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0438 (James Bottomley) \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f IBM Research, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b SCSI \u0438 PA-RISC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 Linux Foundation, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47N\u00e1vrh na p\u0159enesen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti za chyby v otev\u0159en\u00e9m k\u00f3du | ProHoster","description":"James Bottomley ze spole\u010dnosti IBM Research, kter\u00fd se pod\u00edl\u00ed na subsyst\u00e9mech SCSI a PA-RISC v j\u00e1dru Linux a d\u0159\u00edve vedl technick\u00fd v\u00fdbor Linux Foundation, navrhl variantu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu 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\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441 \u0411\u043e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0438 (James Bottomley) \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f IBM Research, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b SCSI \u0438 PA-RISC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 Linux Foundation, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-perekladyvaniyu-otvetstvennosti-za-oshibki-v-otkrytom-kode","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2023-12-12T13:10:14+00:00","article:modified_time":"2023-12-12T13:10:14+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112162"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112162\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"