{"id":112321,"date":"2023-12-19T15:10:14","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T13:10:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-os-qubes-4-2-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij"},"modified":"2023-12-19T15:10:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-19T13:10:17","slug":"reliz-os-qubes-4-2-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/reliz-os-qubes-4-2-0-ispolzuyushhej-virtualizacziyu-dlya-izolyaczii-prilozhenij","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OS Qubes 4.2.0, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 virtualizaci pro izolaci aplikac\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvou letech v\u00fdvoje byl p\u0159edstaven release opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Qubes 4.2.0, kter\u00fd realizuje my\u0161lenku pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hypervisoru pro p\u0159\u00edsnou izolaci aplikac\u00ed a komponent OS (ka\u017ed\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda aplikac\u00ed a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby b\u011b\u017e\u00ed v odd\u011blen\u00fdch virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u00edch). Pro jeho provoz se doporu\u010duje syst\u00e9m s 16 GB RAM (minim\u00e1ln\u011b 6 GB) a 64bitov\u00fdm CPU Intel nebo AMD s podporou technologi\u00ed VT-x s EPT\/AMD-v s RVI a VT-d\/AMD IOMMU, ide\u00e1ln\u011b s GPU Intel (GPU NVIDIA a AMD nebyly dostate\u010dn\u011b otestov\u00e1ny). Velikost instala\u010dn\u00edho obrazu je 6 GB (x86_64).    <\/p>\n<p>Aplikace v Qubes jsou rozd\u011bleny do t\u0159\u00edd podle d\u016fle\u017eitosti zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdch dat a \u0159e\u0161en\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda aplikac\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1ce, z\u00e1bava, bankovn\u00ed operace), stejn\u011b jako syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby (s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m, firewall, pr\u00e1ce se skladov\u00e1n\u00edm, USB stack atd.), funguj\u00ed v odd\u011blen\u00fdch virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou spou\u0161t\u011bny pomoc\u00ed hypervizoru Xen. Tyto aplikace jsou p\u0159itom dostupn\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci jednoho pracovn\u00ed plochy a pro p\u0159ehlednost jsou zv\u00fdrazn\u011bny r\u016fznou barvou okraje okna. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup pro \u010dten\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ko\u0159enov\u00e9 FS a m\u00edstn\u00edmu \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti, kter\u00e9 se nep\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1 s \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti jin\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed; pro organizaci interakce aplikac\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eba.       <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OS Qubes 4.2.0, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 virtualizaci pro izolaci aplikac\u00ed.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1e19ce23e56ab3674f6dd603f979cb24.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Jako z\u00e1klad pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt bal\u00ed\u010dkovou z\u00e1kladnu Fedora a Debian, d\u00e1le jsou podporov\u00e1ny \u0161ablony pro Ubuntu, Gentoo a Arch Linux. Lze zorganizovat p\u0159\u00edstup k aplikac\u00edm ve virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji s Windows, stejn\u011b jako vytvo\u0159en\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2069\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f<\/a> na z\u00e1klad\u011b Whonix pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed anonymn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu p\u0159es Tor. U\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed je postaveno na z\u00e1klad\u011b Xfce. Kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel spust\u00ed aplikaci z menu, tato aplikace se spust\u00ed v ur\u010dit\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji. Obsah virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed je ur\u010den sadou \u0161ablon.   <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OS Qubes 4.2.0, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 virtualizaci pro izolaci aplikac\u00ed.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/c89703bcf8bdabac373670e4e8a7b5d3.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed zm\u011bny:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed Dom0 bylo aktualizov\u00e1no na bal\u00ed\u010dkovou z\u00e1kladnu Fedora 37 (\u0161ablona pro virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na Fedo\u0159e 37 byla navr\u017eena v minul\u00e9m aktualizaci Qubes 4.1.2).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0160ablona pro tvorbu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b Debianu byla aktualizov\u00e1na na v\u011btev Debian 12.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hypervizor Xen byl aktualizov\u00e1n na v\u011btev 4.17 (p\u0159edt\u00edm byl pou\u017eit Xen 4.14).\n<li class=\"l\">  \u0160ablony pro tvorbu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b Fedory a Debianu byly ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed p\u0159evedeny na pou\u017eit\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Xfce m\u00edsto GNOME.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ve \u0161ablon\u011b virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b Fedory byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora syst\u00e9mu povinn\u00e9 kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu SELinux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla kompletn\u011b p\u0159eps\u00e1na implementace menu aplikac\u00ed a tak\u00e9 grafick\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed pro nastaven\u00ed (Qubes Global Settings), vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed (Create New Qube) a aktualizaci \u0161ablon virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f (Qubes Update).   <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OS Qubes 4.2.0, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 virtualizaci pro izolaci aplikac\u00ed.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/22f64d6ba671250290ca30276a2f02e6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed souboru konfigurace GRUB (grub.cfg) bylo unifikov\u00e1no pro UEFI a klasick\u00e9 BIOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora multim\u00e9di\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"serveru\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3751\">serveru<\/a> PipeWire.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro aktualizaci firmware byl pou\u017eit n\u00e1stroj fwupd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost automatick\u00e9ho vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed schr\u00e1nky minutu po posledn\u00ed operaci vlo\u017een\u00ed. Pro aktivaci automatick\u00e9ho vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pou\u017eijte p\u0159\u00edkaz qvm-service --enable VMNAME gui-agent-clipboard-wipe\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro sestaven\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f byl pou\u017eit nov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro sestaven\u00ed Qubes Builder v2, kter\u00fd posiluje izolaci proces\u016f sestaven\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> V konfigur\u00e1toru byla navr\u017eena samostatn\u00e1 sekce pro spr\u00e1vu GPG.\n<li class=\"l\"> V slu\u017eb\u00e1ch Qrexec byl ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed zaveden nov\u00fd flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1t pravidel Qrexec, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje, kdo, co a kde m\u016f\u017ee d\u011blat v Qubes. Nov\u00e1 varianta pravidel se vyzna\u010duje v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm v\u00fdkonu a syst\u00e9mem notifikac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 usnad\u0148uje diagnostiku probl\u00e9m\u016f.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60308\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Qubes 4.2.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u041e\u0421 (\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 16 \u0413\u0431 \u041e\u0417\u0423 (\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c &#8212; 6 \u0413\u0431) \u0438 64-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c CPU Intel \u0438\u043b\u0438 AMD \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 VT-x [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":112322,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 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