{"id":113049,"date":"2024-01-22T17:28:02","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T15:28:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-bpftime-razvivaet-realizacziyu-ebpf-rabotayushhuyu-v-prostranstve-polzovatelya"},"modified":"2024-01-22T17:28:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T15:28:04","slug":"proekt-bpftime-razvivaet-realizacziyu-ebpf-rabotayushhuyu-v-prostranstve-polzovatelya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-bpftime-razvivaet-realizacziyu-ebpf-rabotayushhuyu-v-prostranstve-polzovatelya","title":{"rendered":"Projekt bpftime rozv\u00edj\u00ed implementaci eBPF, kter\u00e1 b\u011b\u017e\u00ed v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Byl p\u0159edstaven projekt bpftime, kter\u00fd vyv\u00edj\u00ed runtime a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed eBPF handler\u016f v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru. Bpftime umo\u017e\u0148uje spou\u0161t\u011bt eBPF programy pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do \u010dinnosti proces\u016f kompletn\u011b v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mo\u017enosti, jako jsou uprobe a softwarov\u00e9 zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch vol\u00e1n\u00ed. Je zd\u016frazn\u011bno, \u017ee d\u00edky vylou\u010den\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed kontextu umo\u017e\u0148uje bpftime dos\u00e1hnout desetin\u00e1sobn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed re\u017eijn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm funkcionality uprobe a uretprobe, kterou poskytuje j\u00e1dro Linuxu. Krom\u011b toho bpftime v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnad\u0148uje lad\u011bn\u00ed, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit na syst\u00e9mech bez j\u00e1dra Linuxu a nevy\u017eaduje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed, pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k na\u010dten\u00ed eBPF aplikace do j\u00e1dra. K\u00f3d projektu je naps\u00e1n v jazyc\u00edch C\/C++ a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed MIT. <\/p>\n

Zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch vol\u00e1n\u00ed a integrace uprobe kontrol implementov\u00e1na za pou\u017eit\u00ed techniky p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed spustiteln\u00e9ho k\u00f3du (binary rewriting), p\u0159i kter\u00e9 jsou vol\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch vol\u00e1n\u00ed, vstupn\u00ed body a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce nahrazeny p\u0159echodem k ladic\u00edm handler\u016fm prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm modifikace strojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 aplikace, co\u017e je v\u00fdrazn\u011b efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e organizace zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed uprobe na \u00farovni j\u00e1dra Linuxu. <\/p>\n

Podporov\u00e1ny jsou operace nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo modifikace funkc\u00ed, p\u0159ipojov\u00e1n\u00ed handler\u016f (hook\u016f) a filtr\u016f, p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, blokov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed parametr\u016f syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch vol\u00e1n\u00ed, zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vstupn\u00edch a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch bod\u016f funkc\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed handleru na libovoln\u00e9m offsetu v k\u00f3du. Bpftime m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojen k jak\u00e9mukoli b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edmu procesu v syst\u00e9mu bez pot\u0159eby jejich restartov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo p\u0159ebudov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vlo\u017een\u00ed bpftime do proces\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno pro b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed procesy pomoc\u00ed ptrace, a pro na\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed LD_PRELOAD. <\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci bpftime se vyv\u00edj\u00ed runtime, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ipojov\u00e1n\u00ed eBPF program\u016f k bod\u016fm sledov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch vol\u00e1n\u00ed a uprobe; virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj<\/a> eBPF s JIT pro samostatn\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed eBPF program\u016f na \u00farovni u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho procesu (podporov\u00e1na je tak\u00e9 AOT-kompilace); b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed proces pro interakci s j\u00e1drem a organizaci kompatibility s podsystemem j\u00e1dra uprobe (bpftime podporuje re\u017eim na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed eBPF do u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru z j\u00e1dra pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s eBPF programy v j\u00e1d\u0159e, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed kprobe nebo pro nastaven\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch filtr\u016f). <\/p>\n

Virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj eBPF je poskytov\u00e1n jako knihovna a nab\u00edz\u00ed API podobn\u00e9 ubpf, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed pro integraci funkc\u00ed eBPF do dal\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f. Pro agregaci dat z n\u011bkolika proces\u016f je podporov\u00e1no vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00fdch eBPF Map um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch ve sd\u00edlen\u00e9 pam\u011bti. Spolu s bpftime mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity standardn\u00ed eBPF zpracovatele napsan\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v j\u00e1d\u0159e, a pro sestaven\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity standardn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje zalo\u017een\u00e9 na clang a libbpf. <\/p>\n

S bpftime v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru mohou b\u011b\u017eet syst\u00e9my sledov\u00e1n\u00ed jako BCC, bpftrace a Deepflow. Nap\u0159\u00edklad byl demonstrov\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed skriptu sslsniff z r\u00e1mce BCC pro anal\u00fdzu a uchov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho provozu v nginx. V proveden\u00fdch testech v\u00fdkon nginx p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed sslsniff na \u00farovni j\u00e1dra klesl o 58%, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i p\u0159enesen\u00ed zpracovatele do u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru o 12,3%. <\/p>\n

Architektura sledov\u00e1n\u00ed proces\u016f s pou\u017eit\u00edm origin\u00e1ln\u00edho eBPF v j\u00e1d\u0159e:

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Architektura sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru s pou\u017eit\u00edm bpftime:

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Hybridn\u00ed re\u017eim, v n\u011bm\u017e bpftime pracuje spole\u010dn\u011b s eBPF v j\u00e1d\u0159e, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro nastaven\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch filtr\u016f nebo p\u0159esunut\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch zpracovatel\u016f do u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru:

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Z pl\u00e1n\u016f do budoucna se uv\u00e1d\u00ed: mo\u017enost vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimek (Fault Injection); hork\u00e9 p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed patch\u016f (Hot Patching) pro zm\u011bnu logiky pr\u00e1ce nebo opravy chyb v bin\u00e1rn\u00edch sestaven\u00edch; vytvo\u0159en\u00ed modulu pro Nginx, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pomoc\u00ed eBPF program\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad pro dynamick\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br tras, cachov\u00e1n\u00ed, uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch politik a vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee); roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed schopnost\u00ed subsyst\u00e9mu FUSE (nap\u0159\u00edklad vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed k FS pro cachov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu ve form\u011b eBPF program\u016f).
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 bpftime, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 runtime \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 eBPF \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f. Bpftime \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f eBPF-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a uprobe \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 bpftime \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":113050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 Projekt bpftime rozv\u00edj\u00ed implementaci eBPF, kter\u00e1 funguje v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru | ProHoster","description":"Byl p\u0159edstaven projekt bpftime, kter\u00fd rozv\u00edj\u00ed runtime a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed eBPF zpracovatel\u016f v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-bpftime-razvivaet-realizacziyu-ebpf-rabotayushhuyu-v-prostranstve-polzovatelya","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 bpftime \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e eBPF, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 bpftime, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 runtime \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 eBPF \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 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