{"id":115329,"date":"2024-04-25T21:22:43","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T19:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-distributiva-ubuntu-24-04-lts"},"modified":"2024-04-25T21:22:43","modified_gmt":"2024-04-25T19:22:49","slug":"reliz-distributiva-ubuntu-24-04-lts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/reliz-distributiva-ubuntu-24-04-lts","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byl vyd\u00e1n distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 \u201eNoble Numbat\u201c, kter\u00e1 spad\u00e1 do kategorie verz\u00ed s dlouhodobou podporou (LTS), jej\u00ed\u017e aktualizace jsou vytv\u00e1\u0159eny po dobu 12 let (5 let pro ve\u0159ejnost a dal\u0161\u00edch 7 let pro u\u017eivatele slu\u017eby Ubuntu Pro). Instalace obraz\u016f byly vytvo\u0159eny pro Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu, UbuntuKylin (verze pro \u010c\u00ednu), Ubuntu Unity, Edubuntu a Ubuntu Cinnamon.    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed zm\u011bny:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  Pracovn\u00ed plocha byla aktualizov\u00e1na na vyd\u00e1n\u00ed GNOME 46, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed funkci glob\u00e1ln\u00edho vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, zlep\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdkon spr\u00e1vce soubor\u016f a emul\u00e1tor\u016f termin\u00e1lu, experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu mechanismu VRR (Variable Refresh Rate), zlep\u0161enou kvalitu v\u00fdstupu p\u0159i zlomkov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 mo\u017enosti p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k extern\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m, aktualizovan\u00fd konfigura\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj a vylep\u0161en\u00fd syst\u00e9m ozn\u00e1men\u00ed. V GTK byl pou\u017eit nov\u00fd vykreslovac\u00ed engine, kter\u00fd je zalo\u017een na API Vulkan. Aplikace pro pr\u00e1ci s kamerou Cheese byla nahrazena GNOME Snapshot.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1641840ea56b8d6a37d4aa81cfb9587c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>              <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> J\u00e1dro Linuxu bylo aktualizov\u00e1no na verzi 6.8.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny verze GCC 14-pre, LLVM 18, Python 3.12, OpenJDK 21 (voliteln\u011b dostupn\u00e9 OpenJDK 8, 11 a 17), Rust 1.75, Go 1.22, .NET 8, PHP 8.3.3, Ruby 3.2.3, binutils 2.42, glibc 2.39.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 aplikace: Firefox 124 (s podporou Wayland), LibreOffice 24.2, Thunderbird 115, Ardour 8.4.0, OBS Studio 30.0.2, Audacity 3.4.2, Transmission 4.0, digiKam 8.2.0, Kdenlive 23.08.5, Krita 5.2.2, VLC 3.0.20.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny subsyst\u00e9my: Mesa 24.0.3, systemd 255.4, BlueZ 5.72, Cairo 1.18, NetworkManager 1.46, Pipewire 1.0.4, Poppler 24.02, xdg-desktop-portal 1.18.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny serverov\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky: Nginx 1.24, Apache httpd 2.4.58, Samba 4.19, Exim 4.97, Clamav 1.0.0, Chrony 4.5, containerd 1.7.12, LXD 5.21.0, Django 4.2.11, Docker 24.0.7, Dovecot 2.3.21, GlusterFS 11.1, HAProxy 2.8.5, Kea DHCP 2.4.1, libvirt 10.0.0, NetSNMP 5.9.4, OpenLDAP 2.6.7, open-vm-tools 12.3.5, PostgreSQL 16.2, Runc 1.1.12, QEMU 8.2.1, SpamAssassin 4.0.0, Squid 6.6, SSSD 2.9.4, Pacemaker 2.1.6, OpenStack 2024.1, Ceph 19.2.0, Openvswitch 3.3.0, Open Virtual Network 24.03.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Emailov\u00fd klient Thunderbird nyn\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pouze ve form\u00e1tu snap. DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek s Thunderbird obsahuje z\u00e1stupce pro instalaci snap bal\u00ed\u010dku.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl modernizov\u00e1n instal\u00e1tor ubuntu-desktop-installer, kter\u00fd se nyn\u00ed vyv\u00edj\u00ed jako sou\u010d\u00e1st v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho projektu ubuntu-desktop-provision a byl p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n na ubuntu-desktop-bootstrap. Podstatou nov\u00e9ho projektu je rozd\u011blen\u00ed instal\u00e1toru na f\u00e1ze, kter\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159ed instalac\u00ed (particionov\u00e1n\u00ed disku a kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f) a b\u011bhem prvn\u00edho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed syst\u00e9mu (po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu). Instal\u00e1tor je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Dart, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 framework Flutter pro tvorbu u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed a je realizov\u00e1n jako nadstavba nad n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fdm instal\u00e1torem curtin, kter\u00fd ji\u017e je pou\u017eit v instal\u00e1toru Subiquity, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9m v Ubuntu Server.\n<p>Mezi zm\u011bnami v nov\u00e9m instal\u00e1toru se vyzna\u010duje vylep\u0161en\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed, p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nky pro zad\u00e1n\u00ed URL pro na\u010dten\u00ed skriptu automatizovan\u00e9 instalace autoinstall.yaml a mo\u017enost zm\u011bny v\u00fdchoz\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed a stylu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konfigura\u010dn\u00edho souboru. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora pro aktualizaci samotn\u00e9ho instal\u00e1toru \u2014 p\u0159i existenci nov\u00e9 verze v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi instalace nyn\u00ed dojde k v\u00fdzv\u011b na aktualizaci instal\u00e1toru.      <\/p>\n<p>V instal\u00e1toru Ubuntu Desktop je standardn\u011b zapnut\u00fd minim\u00e1ln\u00ed instala\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim. Pro instalaci dal\u0161\u00edch program\u016f, jako jsou LibreOffice a Thunderbird, je nutn\u00e9 vybrat roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd instala\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim. V instal\u00e1toru jsou tak\u00e9 uvedeny funkce p\u0159idan\u00e9 v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Ubuntu 23.10, jako podpora souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu ZFS a mo\u017enost \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed disk\u016f, kter\u00e1 nevy\u017eaduje zad\u00e1n\u00ed hesla pro odem\u010den\u00ed disku p\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, d\u00edky uchov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed pro de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f v TPM (Trusted Platform Module).       <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fe63bf12eb4fa4e8981a3bf4a87884fa.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl vylep\u0161en nov\u00fd spr\u00e1vce aplikac\u00ed Ubuntu App Center, napsan\u00fd v Dart s vyu\u017eit\u00edm r\u00e1mce Flutter a adaptivn\u00edch metod rozlo\u017een\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed pro spr\u00e1vnou funk\u010dnost na obrazovk\u00e1ch jak\u00e9koli velikosti. Ubuntu Store implementuje kombinovan\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed pro pr\u00e1ci s bal\u00ed\u010dky ve form\u00e1tu DEB a Snap (pokud je k dispozici jedna aplikace v bal\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch deb a snap, v\u00fdchoz\u00ed volbou je snap), umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a navigaci v katalogu pakk\u016f snapcraft.io a p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch DEB repozit\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, poskytuje mo\u017enost spravovat instalaci, odinstalaci a aktualizaci aplikac\u00ed, a instalovat jednotliv\u00e9 deb bal\u00ed\u010dky z m\u00edstn\u00edch soubor\u016f. Aplikace vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 syst\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m byla p\u011btibodov\u00e1 stupnice nahrazena hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm v form\u00e1tu l\u00edb\u00ed\/nel\u00edb\u00ed (+1\/-1), na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010deho\u017e se vyvozuje virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011btihv\u011bzdi\u010dkov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed.\n<p>Ubuntu App Center nahradil star\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed Snap Store. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Ubuntu 23.10 byla p\u0159id\u00e1na nov\u00e1 kategorie aplikac\u00ed \u2014 Hry (p\u0159itom byly ze z\u00e1sob dod\u00e1ny hry GNOME). Byl navr\u017een samostatn\u00fd rozhran\u00ed pro aktualizaci firmwaru \u2014 Firmware Updater, dostupn\u00e9 pro syst\u00e9my postaven\u00e9 na architektur\u00e1ch amd64 a arm64, a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed aktualizovat firmwary bez spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plnohodnotn\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vce aplikac\u00ed na pozad\u00ed.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/711e38e3070cfbec6307941e961e666f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>                    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Podobn\u011b jako u zm\u011bn v Arch Linux a Fedora Linux byl v\u00fdchoz\u00ed parametr sysctl vm.max_map_count, ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det oblast\u00ed mapov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011bti dostupn\u00fdch procesu, zv\u00fd\u0161en z 65530 na 1048576. Tato zm\u011bna zlep\u0161ila kompatibilitu s hrami pro Windows b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edmi p\u0159es Wine (nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i star\u00e9 hodnot\u011b se nespou\u0161t\u011bly hry DayZ, Hogwarts Legacy, Counter Strike 2, Star Citizen a THE FINALS) a vy\u0159e\u0161ila n\u011bkter\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdkonem aplikac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 intenzivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl omezen p\u0159\u00edstup neprivilegovan\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f k prostor\u016fm jmen identifik\u00e1tor\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f (user namespace), co\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost syst\u00e9m\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch kontejnerovou izolaci p\u0159ed zranitelnostmi, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed manipulace s user namespace. V Ubuntu byla pou\u017eita hybridn\u00ed blokovac\u00ed sch\u00e9ma, kter\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00fdm program\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et user namespace p\u0159i existenci profilu AppArmor s pravidlem \u201eallow userns create\u201c nebo pr\u00e1vem CAP_SYS_ADMIN. Nap\u0159\u00edklad byly vytvo\u0159eny profily pro Chrome a Discord, ve kter\u00fdch je user namespace vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n pro sandboxovou izolaci proces\u016f.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u0159i sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f jsou ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed zahrnuty mo\u017enosti kompil\u00e1toru pro zt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed. V gcc a dpkg je ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed povolen re\u017eim \u201e-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3\u201c, kter\u00fd odhaluje mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1sobn\u00edku p\u0159i vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzcov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed definovan\u00fdch v hlavi\u010dkov\u00e9m souboru string.h. Rozd\u00edl od d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho re\u017eimu \u201e_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2\u201c spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v dodate\u010dn\u00fdch kontrol\u00e1ch. Teoreticky mohou dodate\u010dn\u00e9 kontroly sni\u017eovat v\u00fdkon, ale v praxi testy SPEC2000 a SPEC2017 neprok\u00e1zaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly a b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed nebyly od u\u017eivatel\u016f \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 st\u00ed\u017enosti na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu.             <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Apparmor je ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed zapnuto poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu v\u0161em aplikac\u00edm k soubor\u016fm konfigurace knihoven GnuTLS a OpenSSL. D\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 selektivn\u00ed poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu vedlo k probl\u00e9m\u016fm, kter\u00e9 byly t\u011b\u017eko diagnostikovateln\u00e9 kv\u016fli nedostatku chybov\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f p\u0159i nemo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edstupu k soubor\u016fm konfigurace.        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly odebr\u00e1ny bal\u00ed\u010dky pptpd a bcrelay kv\u016fli potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm se zabezpe\u010den\u00edm a ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory hlavn\u00edch k\u00f3dov\u00fdch z\u00e1kladen. Tak\u00e9 byl odstran\u011bn modul PAM pam_lastlog.so, u kter\u00e9ho nebyl vy\u0159e\u0161en probl\u00e9m z roku 2038.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V dpkg byla p\u0159id\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edznak \u201e-mbranch-protection=standard\u201c pro aktivaci ochrany vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed sad instrukc\u00ed, na kter\u00e9 by nem\u011blo doch\u00e1zet k p\u0159echod\u016fm p\u0159i v\u011btven\u00ed na syst\u00e9mech ARM64 (ARMv8.5-BTI - Branch Target Indicator). Blokov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159echod\u016f na libovoln\u00e9 oblasti k\u00f3du je realizov\u00e1no pro zamezen\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed gadget\u016f v exploitech, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch techniky n\u00e1vratov\u011b orientovan\u00e9ho programov\u00e1n\u00ed (ROP - Return-Oriented Programming).     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro aplikace pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed gnutls byla povinn\u011b deaktivov\u00e1na podpora protokol\u016f TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1 a DTLS 1.0, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159ed t\u0159emi lety ofici\u00e1ln\u011b klasifikov\u00e1ny v\u00fdborem IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) jako zastaral\u00e9 technologie. Pro openssl bylo obdobn\u00e9 zm\u011bny realizov\u00e1no v Ubuntu 20.04.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly vy\u0159azeny a vypnuty 1024bitov\u00e9 RSA kl\u00ed\u010de, kter\u00e9 byly pou\u017eity v APT pro ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f pomoc\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho podpisu. V Ubuntu 24.04 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt repozit\u00e1\u0159e podeps\u00e1ny RSA kl\u00ed\u010di s minim\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost\u00ed 2048 bit\u016f nebo kl\u00ed\u010di Ed25519 a Ed448. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee 1024bitov\u00e9 RSA kl\u00ed\u010de jsou st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v n\u011bkter\u00fdch PPA repozit\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, tyto kl\u00ed\u010de nejsou zat\u00edm blokov\u00e1ny, ale je na n\u011b vyd\u00e1no varov\u00e1n\u00ed. Po n\u011bjak\u00e9 dob\u011b bude varov\u00e1n\u00ed nahrazeno chybov\u00fdm hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9m spr\u00e1vci APT byla zm\u011bn\u011bna priorita pro repozit\u00e1\u0159 \u201eproposed pocket\u201c, ve kter\u00e9m se prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch verz\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f p\u0159ed jejich um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm do hlavn\u00edch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f pro \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost. Zm\u011bna m\u00e1 za c\u00edl sn\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnost automatizovan\u00e9 instalace nestabiln\u00edch aktualizac\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b povolen\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e \u201eproposed pocket\u201c, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k naru\u0161en\u00ed funk\u010dnosti syst\u00e9mu. Po povolen\u00ed \u201eproposed pocket\u201c z n\u011bj nyn\u00ed nebudou p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bny v\u0161echny aktualizace, ale u\u017eivatel si bude moci selektivn\u011b nainstalovat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 aktualizace bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu \u201eapt install \/-proposed\u201c.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla ukon\u010dena dod\u00e1vka slu\u017eby irqbalance, kter\u00e1 rozd\u011bluje zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hardwarov\u00fdch p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00e1 j\u00e1dra CPU. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b situac\u00ed dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed standardn\u00ed mechanismus rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed zpracovatel\u016f poskytovan\u00fd j\u00e1drem Linux. Pou\u017eit\u00ed irqbalance m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ospravedln\u011bno v ur\u010dit\u00fdch situac\u00edch, ale pouze p\u0159i odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm nastaven\u00ed administr\u00e1torem. D\u00e1le m\u016f\u017ee v ur\u010dit\u00fdch konfigurac\u00edch irqbalance zp\u016fsobit probl\u00e9my, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed ve virtualiza\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, a tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit ru\u010dn\u00edmu lad\u011bn\u00ed parametr\u016f, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed spot\u0159ebu energie a latenci.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro nastaven\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b byl vyu\u017eit vyd\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroje Netplan 1.0, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nastaven\u00ed ve form\u00e1tu YAML a poskytuje backendy, kter\u00e9 abstrahuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke konfiguraci pro NetworkManager a systemd-networkd. V nov\u00e9 verzi byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed WPA2 a WPA3, p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Mellanox VF-LAG s SR-IOV (Single-Root I\/O Virtualization) a realizov\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edkaz 'netplan status --diff' pro n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm stavem nastaven\u00ed a konfigura\u010dn\u00edmi soubory. V Ubuntu Desktop je jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed backend pro nastaven\u00ed aktivov\u00e1n NetworkManager.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2f0c18dd12a9efc7ad6fb578175e2a21.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl zaveden mechanismus Active Directory Certificate Auto Enrollment (ADSys), kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje automaticky z\u00edsk\u00e1vat certifik\u00e1ty ze slu\u017eeb Active Directory p\u0159i aktivaci skupinov\u00fdch politik. Automatick\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1t\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Active Directory se tak\u00e9 aplikuje p\u0159i p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k firemn\u00edm bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fdm s\u00edt\u00edm a <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"147\">VPN<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> V bal\u00ed\u010dku Apport, kter\u00fd se v Ubuntu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k automatizaci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hav\u00e1ri\u00ed aplikac\u00ed, byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna integrace se systemd-coredump pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1hl\u00fdch ukon\u010den\u00ed. Pro anal\u00fdzu core dump\u016f lze nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1stroj coredumpctl.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed balen\u00ed nyn\u00ed obsahuje aplikace pro anal\u00fdzu v\u00fdkonu, trasov\u00e1n\u00ed proces\u016f a monitoring stavu syst\u00e9mu. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny bal\u00ed\u010dky procps, sysstat, iproute2, numactl, bpfcc-tools, bpftrace, perf-tools-unstable, trace-cmd, nicstat, ethtool, tiptop a sysprof, kter\u00e9 jsou seskupeny do meta-bal\u00edku performance-tools.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nastaven\u00ed aktivn\u00edch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f bylo p\u0159evedeno na form\u00e1t deb822 a p\u0159esunuto z \/etc\/apt\/sources.list do souboru \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/ubuntu.sources.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno restartov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb po instalaci aktualizac\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s nimi, i kdy\u017e byly aktualizace nainstalov\u00e1ny automaticky v re\u017eimu unattended-upgrade. Pro zak\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed automatick\u00e9ho restartov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eby po aktualizaci je t\u0159eba ji p\u0159idat do sekce override_rc v souboru \/etc\/needrestart\/needrestart.conf.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla vylep\u0161ena funk\u010dnost spr\u00e1vce profil\u016f spot\u0159eby energie (Power Profiles Manager), kter\u00fd nyn\u00ed podporuje nov\u00e9 hardwarov\u00e9 mechanismy \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 v procesorech AMD, a byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch optimaliza\u010dn\u00edch ovlada\u010d\u016f. P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na baterii je automaticky zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 optimalizace.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny bal\u00ed\u010dek fprintd a knihovna libfprint, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed podporuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro skenov\u00e1n\u00ed otisk\u016f prst\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla pou\u017eita jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianta p\u00edsma Ubuntu. Pro n\u00e1vrat ke star\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mov\u00e9mu p\u00edsmu je mo\u017en\u00e9 nainstalovat bal\u00ed\u010dek fonts-ubuntu-classic.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora vestav\u011bn\u00e9ho akceler\u00e1toru QAT (QuickAssist Technology) od spole\u010dnost\u00ed Intel, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed prost\u0159edky pro zrychlen\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i kompresi a \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed Intel QAT byly zahrnuty bal\u00ed\u010dky qatlib 24.02.0, qatengine 1.5.0, qatzip 1.2.0, ipp-crypto 2021.10.0 a intel-ipsec-mb 1.5-1.      <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00ed\u010dky pro 32bitovou architekturu Armhf byly p\u0159evedeny na pou\u017eit\u00ed 64bitov\u00e9ho typu time_t. Tato zm\u011bna se dotkla v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. D\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd 32bitov\u00fd typ time_t nelze pou\u017e\u00edt pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu po 19. lednu 2038 kv\u016fli p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtadla sekund, kter\u00e9 uplynuly od 1. ledna 1970.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny sestaven\u00ed pro desky Raspberry Pi 5 (serverov\u00e9 a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9) a StarFive VisionFive 2 (RISC-V).    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Cinnamon bylo nasazeno u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed Cinnamon 6.0 s po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed podporou Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do sestaven\u00ed Ubuntu pro subsyst\u00e9m WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora p\u0159enosu nastaven\u00ed pomoc\u00ed cloud-init.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Xubuntu pokra\u010duje dod\u00e1vka prost\u0159ed\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na Xfce 4.18.   <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/0e6e88158ab48697d89d3233135ce53d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Mate pokra\u010duje dod\u00e1vka desktopov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed MATE 1.26.2 (ve skladu MATE je ji\u017e k dispozici v\u011btev 1.28, kter\u00e1 zat\u00edm nebyla ofici\u00e1ln\u011b ozn\u00e1mena). Bylo nasazeno nov\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 to, kter\u00e9 je nab\u00edzeno v Ubuntu Desktop. M\u00edsto aplikace Firmware Updater pro aktualizaci firmwaru byl nasazen GNOME Firmware a m\u00edsto Software Boutique pro spr\u00e1vu instalace aplikac\u00ed byl p\u0159id\u00e1n App Center. Byla zastavena dod\u00e1vka aplikace MATE Welcome.                <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/3e400849b841f671fe6f3146fb60a830.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Budgie je pou\u017eita desktopov\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed Budgie 10.9. Bylo aktualizov\u00e1no mnoho applet\u016f a mini-aplikac\u00ed. Byl navr\u017een nov\u00fd konfigur\u00e1tor Budgie Control Center. M\u00edsto GNOME Software pro spr\u00e1vu aplikac\u00ed byl pou\u017eit App-Center. Pulseaudio byl nahrazen Pipewire. N\u011bkter\u00e9 aplikace byly nahrazeny, nap\u0159\u00edklad GNOME-Calculator \u2192 Mate Calc, GNOME System Monitor \u2192 Mate System Monitor, Evince \u2192 Atril, GNOME Font Viewer \u2192 font-manager, Cheese \u2192 guvcview, Celluloid \u2192 Parole, Rhythmbox \u2192 Lollypop + Goodvibes + gpodder. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed dod\u00e1vka byla zbavena GNOME-Calendar, GNOME System Monitor a GNOME Screenshot.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/4affb2b8c4e1aa97e5e152c936ab8890.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Kubuntu byla nad\u00e1le dod\u00e1v\u00e1na KDE Plasma 5.27.11, KDE Frameworks 5.115 a KDE Gear 23.08. KDE 6 bude nab\u00edzen na podzimn\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Kubuntu 24.10. Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny logo a barevn\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/4fea674daa18a09a44e7e08ce7081deb.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Lubuntu byl vylep\u0161en instal\u00e1tor zalo\u017een\u00fd na frameworku Calamares. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na str\u00e1nka pro nastaven\u00ed instala\u010dn\u00edch parametr\u016f, jako je instalace dostupn\u00fdch aktualizac\u00ed, instalace kodek\u016f a propriet\u00e1rn\u00edch ovlada\u010d\u016f, instalace dal\u0161\u00edch program\u016f. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny re\u017eimy minim\u00e1ln\u00ed, pln\u00e9 a norm\u00e1ln\u00ed instalace. P\u0159id\u00e1na obrazovka prvn\u00edho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje nastaven\u00ed jazyka a p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k bezdr\u00e1tov\u00e9 s\u00edti, stejn\u011b jako v\u00fdb\u011br spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed instal\u00e1toru nebo p\u0159echodu do Live re\u017eimu. P\u0159id\u00e1n Bluetooth Manager a editor nastaven\u00ed spr\u00e1vce displeje SDDM. Pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed bylo aktualizov\u00e1no na verzi LXQt 1.4.      <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/c4df425ef42767655a617f7f9104e6b1.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Studio byla p\u0159id\u00e1na utilita Ubuntu Studio Audio Configuration pro nastaven\u00ed parametr\u016f PipeWire. Byla nasazena nov\u00e1 instalace, podobn\u00e1 t\u00e9, kter\u00e1 byla nab\u00eddnuta v Ubuntu Desktop. Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n meta-bal\u00ed\u010dek pro instalaci program\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fduce hudby, jako je FMIT, GNOME Metronome, Minuet, MuseScore, Piano Booster, Solfege.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed distribuce Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/613cbf5949deb0b28064b5ba8249d18b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>    <center>  <div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"q5yM4ZYwB_s\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/q5yM4ZYwB_s\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div>  <\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61069\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu 24.04 &#171;Noble Numbat&#187;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u043d \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 (LTS), \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 12 \u043b\u0435\u0442 (5 \u043b\u0435\u0442 &#8212; \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0435\u0449\u0451 7 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 Ubuntu Pro). \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":115330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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