{"id":116748,"date":"2024-06-24T18:05:52","date_gmt":"2024-06-24T16:05:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/atomarnye-varianty-fedora-linux-namereny-perevesti-na-fs-somposefs"},"modified":"2024-06-24T18:05:52","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T16:05:52","slug":"atomarnye-varianty-fedora-linux-namereny-perevesti-na-fs-somposefs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/atomarnye-varianty-fedora-linux-namereny-perevesti-na-fs-somposefs","title":{"rendered":"Atom\u00e1rn\u00ed varianty Fedora Linux maj\u00ed v \u00famyslu p\u0159ej\u00edt na souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i projektu Fedora pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt na souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs pro atomicky aktualizovan\u00e9 verze distribuce jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed. Pokud n\u00e1vrh schv\u00e1l\u00ed v\u00fdbor FESCo (Fedora Engineering Steering Committee), kter\u00fd je odpov\u011bdn\u00fd za technickou \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdvoje distribuce Fedora, za\u010dne se Composefs pou\u017e\u00edvat ve verz\u00edch Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora CoreOS, Fedora IoT, Fedora Sway Atomic a Fedora Budgie Atomic. <\/p>\n

Tato zm\u011bna umo\u017en\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt v t\u011bchto verz\u00edch ko\u0159enov\u00fd odd\u00edl, kter\u00fd pracuje v re\u017eimu pouze pro \u010dten\u00ed, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 v budoucnu zapojit prost\u0159edky pro ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity pro syst\u00e9mov\u00fd odd\u00edl, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed odhalovat vznikl\u00e9 probl\u00e9my b\u011bhem provozu. Odd\u00edly \/etc a \/var budou nad\u00e1le p\u0159ipojov\u00e1ny s mo\u017enost\u00ed z\u00e1pisu.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed je pr\u00e1ce organizov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159ipojen\u00ed odd\u00edlu \/usr v re\u017eimu pouze pro \u010dten\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ko\u0159enov\u00fd odd\u00edl je p\u0159ipojen v re\u017eimu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm z\u00e1pis, a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zm\u011bn je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no na \u00farovni p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v (\"chattr +i \/\"). Kontrola integrity se prov\u00e1d\u00ed b\u011bhem aktualizace odd\u00edlu, co\u017e neumo\u017e\u0148uje odhalit po\u0161kozen\u00ed a zm\u011bny proveden\u00e9 b\u011bhem provozu bez iniciov\u00e1n\u00ed kompletn\u00ed kontroly v\u0161ech dat pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu \"ostree fsck\".<\/p>\n

Souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs je realizov\u00e1n jako nadstavba nad ji\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdmi ve j\u00e1dru FS OverlayFS a EROFS, a je optimalizov\u00e1n pro efektivn\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu n\u011bkolika p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch diskov\u00fdch obraz\u016f. Funkcionalita EROFS (Extendable Read-Only File System) vyhovuje po\u017eadavk\u016fm Composefs od verze j\u00e1dra Linux 5.15, zat\u00edmco OverlayFS \u2014 od j\u00e1dra 6.5. Composefs umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et v\u00edcestup\u0148ov\u00e9 FS, ve kter\u00fdch se libovoln\u00e9 stromy FS v re\u017eimu pouze pro \u010dten\u00ed p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed nad standardn\u00edmi FS Linux, slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edmi jako doln\u00ed vrstva. <\/p>\n

Od ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch podobn\u00fdch souborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f se Composefs odli\u0161uje podporou sd\u00edlen\u00e9ho ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu r\u016fzn\u00fdch diskov\u00fdch obraz\u016f a funkcemi pro ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity \u010diteln\u00fdch dat. V Composefs se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 model ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s adresac\u00ed zalo\u017eenou na obsahu, kde prim\u00e1rn\u00edm identifik\u00e1torem nen\u00ed n\u00e1zev souboru, ale hash obsahu souboru. Takov\u00fd model zaji\u0161\u0165uje deduplikaci a umo\u017e\u0148uje uchov\u00e1vat pouze jednu kopii stejn\u00fdch soubor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch odd\u00edlech. <\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 obrazy obvykle obsahuj\u00ed \u0159adu standardn\u00edch soubor\u016f a p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Composefs bude ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto soubor\u016f spole\u010dn\u011b sd\u00edlen v\u0161emi p\u0159ipojen\u00fdmi obrazy, bez pou\u017eit\u00ed trik\u016f, jako jsou tvrd\u00e9 odkazy. P\u0159i tom jsou sd\u00edlen\u00e9 soubory ukl\u00e1d\u00e1ny jako jedna kopie na disku a obsluhov\u00e1ny jedn\u00edm z\u00e1znamem v str\u00e1nkov\u00e9m cache, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0161et\u0159it jak diskov\u00fd, tak opera\u010dn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165.<\/p>\n

Pro \u00fasporu diskov\u00e9ho m\u00edsta jsou v Composefs data a metadata odd\u011blena a p\u0159i mont\u00e1\u017ei se specifikuje bin\u00e1rn\u00ed index, kter\u00fd obsahuje v\u0161echna metadata souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, n\u00e1zvy soubor\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a dal\u0161\u00ed informace. Indexy s metadaty se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pro ka\u017ed\u00fd obraz FS a ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed se do samostatn\u00e9ho souboru ve form\u00e1tu EROFS (v loopback re\u017eimu se montuje obraz EROFS, kter\u00fd obsahuje pouze metadata). Soubor v\u0161ech p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch obraz\u016f se ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m z\u00e1kladn\u00edm adres\u00e1\u0159i v obvykl\u00e9m FS (ext4, xfs, btrfs) a propojuj\u00ed se s obrazem pomoc\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9ho atributu rusted.overlay.redirect, na jeho\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b OverlayFS nach\u00e1z\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 soubory podle hashe obsahu.<\/p>\n

Pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed obsahu jednotliv\u00fdch soubor\u016f a cel\u00e9ho obrazu v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch sd\u00edlen\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mechanismus fs-verity, kter\u00fd p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstupu k soubor\u016fm kontroluje shodu uveden\u00fdch v bin\u00e1rn\u00edm indexu hash\u016f s aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm obsahem \u2014 pokud \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk provede zm\u011bnu v souboru v z\u00e1kladn\u00edm adres\u00e1\u0159i nebo dojde k po\u0161kozen\u00ed dat v d\u016fsledku selh\u00e1n\u00ed, takov\u00e9 porovn\u00e1n\u00ed odhal\u00ed nesoulad.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Fedora \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Composefs. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c FESCo (Fedora Engineering Steering Committee), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora, Composefs \u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora CoreOS, Fedora IoT, Fedora Sway Atomic \u0438 Fedora Budgie Atomic. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Atomick\u00e9 varianty Fedora Linux pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt na FS Composefs | ProHoster","description":"V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i projektu Fedora pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e9st atomicky aktualizovan\u00e9 edice distribuce na souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m Composefs.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/atomarnye-varianty-fedora-linux-namereny-perevesti-na-fs-somposefs","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0410\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b Fedora Linux \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0421 \u0421omposefs | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Fedora \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Composefs.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/atomarnye-varianty-fedora-linux-namereny-perevesti-na-fs-somposefs","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2024-06-24T16:05:52+00:00","article:modified_time":"2024-06-24T16:05:52+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"116748","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-23 02:49:22","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2026-01-23 02:49:22","updated":"2026-01-23 02:49:22","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116748"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116748\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116748"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116748"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}