{"id":118325,"date":"2024-07-26T15:43:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T13:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-806-modelyah-materinskih-plat-vyyavlen-testovyj-klyuch-pozvolyayushhij-obojti-uefi-secure-boot"},"modified":"2024-07-26T15:43:00","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T13:43:00","slug":"v-806-modelyah-materinskih-plat-vyyavlen-testovyj-klyuch-pozvolyayushhij-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/v-806-modelyah-materinskih-plat-vyyavlen-testovyj-klyuch-pozvolyayushhij-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","title":{"rendered":"Na 806 modelech z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desek byl nalezen testovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje obch\u00e1zen\u00ed UEFI Secure Boot","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z firmy Binarly odhalili mo\u017enost obejit\u00ed re\u017eimu ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed UEFI Secure Boot na v\u00edce ne\u017e 800 produktech vydan\u00fdch spole\u010dnostmi Acer, Dell, Fujitsu, Gigabyte, HP, Intel, Lenovo a Supermicro. Probl\u00e9m dostal k\u00f3dov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no PKfail a je spojen s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de platformy (PK, Platform Key), vygenerovan\u00e9ho spole\u010dnost\u00ed AMI (American Megatrends International) a dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho jako testovac\u00ed vzorek. Nejsou star\u0161\u00ed firmware, ve kter\u00fdch byl pou\u017eit testovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d, vyd\u00e1ny v roce 2012, zat\u00edmco nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z \u010dervna 2024. Podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f je v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 % v\u0161ech ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch firmware zasa\u017eeno t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem. <\/p>\n

V parametrech kl\u00ed\u010de bylo uvedeno, \u017ee nen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fd a nem\u011bl by b\u00fdt dod\u00e1v\u00e1n v produktech. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo se, \u017ee tento testovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d by m\u011bl b\u00fdt nahrazen vlastn\u00edm, ale v\u00fdrobci si varov\u00e1n\u00ed nev\u0161imli a pou\u017eili v kone\u010dn\u00fdch firmware typick\u00fd sd\u00edlen\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d, zaslan\u00fd v\u0161em partner\u016fm a z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm spole\u010dnosti AMI. <\/p>\n

Uzav\u0159en\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st testovac\u00edho kl\u00ed\u010de AMI, nezbytn\u00e1 pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podpis\u016f, se stala ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupnou po \u00faniku informac\u00ed od jednoho z v\u00fdrobc\u016f hardwaru, jeho\u017e zam\u011bstnanec omylem zve\u0159ejnil v ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m repozit\u00e1\u0159i na GitHubu k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd tento kl\u00ed\u010d obsahoval. Uzav\u0159en\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d byl um\u00edst\u011bn v za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9m souboru, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159i \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed byl pou\u017eit jednoduch\u00fd 4-znakov\u00fd heslo, kter\u00e9 bylo snadno uhodnuteln\u00e9 metodou hrub\u00e9 s\u00edly. <\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010d platformy se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako z\u00e1klad d\u016fv\u011bry pro ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed datab\u00e1z\u00ed s kl\u00ed\u010di pro Secure Boot. Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed soukrom\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kl\u00ed\u010de platformy vede k ohro\u017een\u00ed cel\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce d\u016fv\u011bry, kter\u00fd je zapojen do ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed platnosti komponent\u016f zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u2014 znalost kl\u00ed\u010de platformy umo\u017e\u0148uje obch\u00e1zet ochranu Secure Boot a organizovat substituce p\u0159i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed vlastn\u00edch komponent\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm manipulace s kl\u00ed\u010dem KEK (Key Exchange Key) a datab\u00e1zemi \u201edb\u201c (Signature Database) a \u201edbx\u201c (Forbidden Signature Database). KEK odpov\u00edd\u00e1 za vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce d\u016fv\u011bry mezi firmwarem a opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, \u201edb\u201c obsahuje certifik\u00e1ty a podpisy pro bootloader a extern\u00ed komponenty UEFI, zat\u00edmco \u201edbx\u201c zahrnuje odvolan\u00e9 podpisy zn\u00e1m\u00fdch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch komponent\u016f. <\/p>\n

K proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku sta\u010d\u00ed vygenerovat nov\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de a certifik\u00e1ty pro KEK a db, po \u010dem\u017e pou\u017e\u00edt ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fd testovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d platformy k zaveden\u00ed v UEFI firmwaru vytvo\u0159en\u00e9ho KEK certifik\u00e1tu. Nahr\u00e1n\u00edm KEK certifik\u00e1tu do firmwaru lze pou\u017e\u00edt s n\u00edm spojen\u00fd soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d k nahr\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho certifik\u00e1tu do datab\u00e1ze db. Po nahr\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1tu db m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt s n\u00edm spojen\u00fd soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d pou\u017eit k ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch EFI komponent\u016f. openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -keyout KEK.key -new -x509 -sha256 -days 3650 -subj '\/CN=BRLY KEK\/' -out KEK.crt openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -keyout db.key -new -x509 -sha256 -days 3650 -subj '\/CN=BRLY db\/' -out db.crt efi-updatevar -a -c KEK.crt -k PK.key KEK efi-updatevar -a -c db.crt -k KEK.key db sbsign --key db.key --cert db.crt --output rogue.efi.signed rogue.efi <\/p>\n

K ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed platnosti kl\u00ed\u010de platformy sta\u010d\u00ed spustit utilitu \u201eefi-readvar -v PK\u201c z bal\u00edku efitools a ujistit se, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u010d platformy nen\u00ed testovac\u00ed: efi-readvar -v PK Prom\u011bnn\u00e1 PK, d\u00e9lka 862 PK: Seznam 0, typ X509 Podpis 0, velikost 834, vlastn\u00edk 26dc4851-195f-4ae1-9a19-fbf883bbb35e P\u0159edm\u011bt: CN=DO NOT TRUST \u2014 AMI Test PK Vydavatel: CN=DO NOT TRUST \u2014 AMI Test PK

\r\n \"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Binarly \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 UEFI Secure Boot \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c 800 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Acer, Dell, Fujitsu, Gigabyte, HP, Intel, Lenovo \u0438 Supermicro. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f PKfail \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b (PK, Platform Key), \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 AMI (American Megatrends International) 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