{"id":118916,"date":"2024-08-02T21:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T19:43:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/opublikovan-rossijskij-distributiv-astra-linux-special-edition-1-8"},"modified":"2024-08-02T21:43:01","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T19:43:02","slug":"opublikovan-rossijskij-distributiv-astra-linux-special-edition-1-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/opublikovan-rossijskij-distributiv-astra-linux-special-edition-1-8","title":{"rendered":"Byl vyd\u00e1n rusk\u00fd distribuce Astra Linux Special Edition 1.8","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost \u041e\u041e\u041e \u201eRusBITech-Astra\u201c p\u0159edstavila specializovanou distribuci Astra Linux Special Edition 1.8, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eita k ochran\u011b d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdch informac\u00ed a st\u00e1tn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed na \u00farove\u0148 \u201ezejm\u00e9na d\u016fle\u017eitou\u201c. Distribuce je zalo\u017eena na bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b Debian GNU\/Linux a obsahuje dodate\u010dn\u00e9 mechanismy zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, jako je vlastn\u00ed syst\u00e9m mandatorn\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu, auditu, kontroly integrity a autenticity soubor\u016f (PARSEC), zaru\u010den\u00e9 maz\u00e1n\u00ed soubor\u016f, sestaven\u00ed j\u00e1dra se z\u00e1platami pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. U\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed je postaveno na propriet\u00e1rn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed pracovn\u00edho stolu Fly s komponenty vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi knihovnu Qt.     <\/p>\n<p>Distribuce se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed v r\u00e1mci licen\u010dn\u00ed smlouvy, kter\u00e1 klade \u0159adu omezen\u00ed na u\u017eivatele, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b zakazuje komer\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed bez uzav\u0159en\u00ed licen\u010dn\u00ed smlouvy, dekompilaci a disassemblaci produktu. Origin\u00e1ln\u00ed, speci\u00e1ln\u011b realizovan\u00e9 pro Astra Linux, algoritmy fungov\u00e1n\u00ed a zdrojov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za obchodn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed. U\u017eivatel m\u00e1 mo\u017enost reprodukovat pouze jeden exempl\u00e1\u0159 produktu na jednom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nebo <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4344\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji<\/a>, a tak\u00e9 m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo na v\u00fdrobu pouze jedn\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kopie nosi\u010de s produktem. Hotov\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed sestaven\u00ed zat\u00edm nen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u011b poskytov\u00e1no, ale jsou dostupn\u00e9 obrazy kontejner\u016f a <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2168\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f<\/a>.      <\/p>\n<p>Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b pro\u0161lo komplexn\u00edmi zkou\u0161kami v syst\u00e9mu certifikace prost\u0159edk\u016f ochrany informac\u00ed FSTEK Ruska podle prvn\u00edho, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho stupn\u011b d\u016fv\u011bry, tj. m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eito pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed \u201ezejm\u00e9na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9\u201c. V certifik\u00e1tu je potvrzeno shody s po\u017eadavky na bezpe\u010dnost opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, prost\u0159edk\u016f virtualizace a kontejnerizace, stejn\u011b jako s datab\u00e1zov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my.         <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed zm\u011bny:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna byla aktualizov\u00e1na na Debian 12.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na v\u00fdb\u011br jsou nab\u00eddnuty dva bal\u00ed\u010dky s j\u00e1drem Linux, zalo\u017een\u00e9 na verz\u00edch 6.1 a 6.6. J\u00e1dro 6.1 je dod\u00e1v\u00e1no se zm\u011bnami a opravami od ISP RAN a bude podporov\u00e1no po celou dobu \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu OS. J\u00e1dro 6.6 je za\u0159azeno do kategorie s kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdm cyklem podpory.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly navr\u017eeny dva odd\u011blen\u00e9 repozit\u00e1\u0159e: Main a Extended. Prvn\u00ed zahrnuje bal\u00ed\u010dky, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161ly pln\u00fdm certifika\u010dn\u00edm cyklem, a druh\u00fd obsahuje v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, bal\u00ed\u010dky pro sestaven\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e Main, stejn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed aplika\u010dn\u00ed a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl zaveden nov\u00fd instal\u00e1tor astra-installer, kter\u00fd je spu\u0161t\u011bn po na\u010dten\u00ed syst\u00e9mu v Live re\u017eimu. Je podporov\u00e1no vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed instalace pomoc\u00ed protokolu VNC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl automatizov\u00e1n proces aktualizace z v\u011btve Astra Linux 1.7 na verzi 1.8, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159i aktualizaci je mo\u017en\u00e9 se vr\u00e1tit k p\u0159edchoz\u00edmu stavu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zavedena sch\u00e9ma pro p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch n\u00e1zv\u016f s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do sady byl zahrnut DHCP server Kea.\n<li class=\"l\"> Rozhran\u00ed pro administraci syst\u00e9mu fly-admin-smc bylo nahrazeno n\u00e1strojem astra-systemsettings, kter\u00fd poskytuje p\u0159\u00edstup k r\u016fzn\u00fdm modul\u016fm nastaven\u00ed. Krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho byl integrov\u00e1n modul pro spr\u00e1vu m\u00edstn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed politiky, kter\u00fd nevy\u017eaduje spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed samostatn\u00e9ho programu fly-admin-smc. Jsou tak\u00e9 k dispozici moduly pro spr\u00e1vu u\u017eivatel\u016f, mandatorn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu, mandatorn\u00ed kontrolu integrity, kontrolu integrity soubor\u016f pomoc\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch podpis\u016f, nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu auditu, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165, nastaven\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pam\u011bti, aktivaci re\u017eimu grafick\u00e9ho kiosku a hodnocen\u00ed stavu bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch funkc\u00ed.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Byl vyd\u00e1n rusk\u00fd distribuce Astra Linux Special Edition 1.8\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/65aec05aecf2175e8b02e1b5f3e3a1cf.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly implementov\u00e1ny p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00e9 profily nastaven\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f ochrany informac\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e vyu\u017eit\u00ed. D\u0159\u00edve byly pro spln\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd zabezpe\u010den\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f navrhov\u00e1ny pokyny pro nastaven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eadovaly ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci administr\u00e1tora. V nov\u00e9 verzi byl proces zm\u011bny nastaven\u00ed automatizov\u00e1n.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro dynamickou kontrolu integrity softwaru byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost pou\u017e\u00edvat SKZTI KryptoPro CSP a certifik\u00e1ty pro ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho podpisu vydan\u00e9 certifika\u010dn\u00ed autoritou.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl navr\u017een nov\u00fd styl vzhledu Astra Proxima, kter\u00fd odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 trendy v designu rozhran\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a minimalismus. K dispozici jsou \u010dty\u0159i re\u017eimy vzhledu: sv\u011btl\u00fd, tmav\u00fd, zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd (bez grafick\u00fdch efekt\u016f) a slu\u017eebn\u00ed.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Byl vyd\u00e1n rusk\u00fd distribuce Astra Linux Special Edition 1.8\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/452963095a330a11fc60a6f1cc380ecd.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo modernizov\u00e1no a restrukturalizov\u00e1no menu aplikac\u00ed (je p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1na mo\u017enost vr\u00e1tit se k klasick\u00e9mu menu).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na zvukov\u00e1 t\u00e9ma \u201eHv\u011bzdn\u00fd minimalismus\u201c, vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Ruskou kosmickou agenturou na z\u00e1klad\u011b zvuk\u016f z re\u00e1ln\u00fdch kosmick\u00fdch objekt\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n bal\u00ed\u010dek fly-dm-rdp pro organizaci vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k syst\u00e9mu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu RDP.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ve spr\u00e1vci soubor\u016f fly-fm byl p\u0159id\u00e1n editor panelu n\u00e1stroj\u016f a byla umo\u017en\u011bna mo\u017enost zobrazen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f v naviga\u010dn\u00edm panelu. V dvoupanelov\u00e9m re\u017eimu byly realizov\u00e1ny dv\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 adresn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dky.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bal\u00ed\u010dek OpenSSL byl aktualizov\u00e1n na verzi 3.2.0.\n<li class=\"l\">  DBMS Tantor byl aktualizov\u00e1n na k\u00f3dovou z\u00e1kladnu PostgreSQL 15 (d\u0159\u00edve se pou\u017e\u00edvala PostgreSQL 11) s dodatky pro ochranu informac\u00ed a spr\u00e1vu p\u0159\u00edstupu. * Do prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u016f Chromium, Chromium-gost a Firefox byl integrov\u00e1n certifik\u00e1t certifika\u010dn\u00ed autority Ministerstva digit\u00e1ln\u00edho rozvoje Rusk\u00e9 federace.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora pro snapshoty virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f s UEFI, export\/import virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f se snapshoty, vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1loh virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f pomoc\u00ed virtnbdbackup, sdru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f do skupin v virt-manager.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ve prost\u0159edc\u00edch pro mandatorn\u00ed kontrolu integrity byla implementov\u00e1na mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed hierarchick\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b integrity, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 ko\u0159en FS a v\u0161echny souborov\u00e9 objekty po instalaci maj\u00ed nulovou line\u00e1rn\u00ed integritu, a souborov\u00fdm objekt\u016fm a spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm proces\u016fm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159i\u0159azena z\u00e1porn\u00e1 line\u00e1rn\u00ed integrita.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed integrity objekt\u016f souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a deb-bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u0161ablon, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed seznamy soubor\u016f pro kontrolu pomoc\u00ed kontroln\u00edch sou\u010dt\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny nov\u00e9 privilegium: cap_perfmon (umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed), cap_bpf (umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u011bkter\u00e9 operace s BPF), cap_checkpoint_restore (umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010dit PID, kter\u00fd je p\u0159id\u011blen dal\u0161\u00edmu procesu vytvo\u0159en\u00e9mu uvnit\u0159 jmenn\u00e9ho prostoru).    <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61651\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041e\u041e\u041e &#171;\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0411\u0418\u0422\u0435\u0445-\u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430&#187; \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Astra Linux Special Edition 1.8, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f &#171;\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438&#187;. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Debian GNU\/Linux \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c, \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 (PARSEC), \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":118917,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041e\u041e\u041e &quot;\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0411\u0418\u0422\u0435\u0445-\u0410\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430&quot; 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