{"id":120111,"date":"2024-10-09T01:09:09","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T23:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-openbsd-7-6"},"modified":"2024-10-09T01:09:09","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T23:09:09","slug":"vypusk-openbsd-7-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/vypusk-openbsd-7-6","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OpenBSD 7.6","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byla p\u0159edstavena verze voln\u011b dostupn\u00e9ho UNIX-odobn\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu OpenBSD 7.6. Projekt OpenBSD byl zalo\u017een Th\u00e9em de Raadtem v roce 1995 po konfliktu s v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i NetBSD, kter\u00fd vedl k tomu, \u017ee byl Th\u00e9ovi uzav\u0159en p\u0159\u00edstup k CVS repozit\u00e1\u0159i NetBSD. Pot\u00e9 Th\u00e9 de Raadt spolu s t\u00fdmem podobn\u011b sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00edch jedinc\u016f vytvo\u0159il na z\u00e1klad\u011b zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du NetBSD nov\u00fd otev\u0159en\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00edmi c\u00edli se stala p\u0159enositelnost (podporov\u00e1no 13 hardwarov\u00fdmi platformami), standardizace, spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 funk\u010dnost, proaktivn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a integrovan\u00e9 kryptografick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. Velikost \u00fapln\u00e9ho instala\u010dn\u00edho ISO obrazu z\u00e1kladn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu OpenBSD 7.6 \u010din\u00ed 702 MB.       <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b samotn\u00e9ho opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu je projekt OpenBSD zn\u00e1m sv\u00fdmi komponenty, kter\u00e9 se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily do jin\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a prok\u00e1zaly se jako jedna z nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a kvalitn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Mezi nimi nalezneme: LibreSSL (fork OpenSSL), OpenSSH, paketov\u00fd filtr PF, d\u00e9mony routov\u00e1n\u00ed OpenBGPD a OpenOSPFD, NTP server OpenNTPD, po\u0161tovn\u00ed server OpenSMTPD, multiplexor textov\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lu (analog GNU screen) tmux, d\u00e9mon identd s implementac\u00ed protokolu IDENT, BSDL alternativa k bal\u00edku GNU groff \u2014 mandoc, protokol pro organizaci vysoce dostupn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), lehk\u00fd HTTP server a n\u00e1stroj pro synchronizaci soubor\u016f OpenRSYNC.    <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena podpora architektury ARM64. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora ARM8 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed EPAN (Enhanced Privileged Access Never), kter\u00e9 blokuje privilegovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k str\u00e1nk\u00e1m pam\u011bti u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm pouze pro vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora procesoru Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite (X1E80100) a byla implementov\u00e1na detekce CPU Cortex-A520AE (Hayes AE) a Cortex-A720AE (Hunter AE). Pro syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architektu\u0159e ARM64 byla navr\u017eena ochrana p\u0159ed zranitelnostmi t\u0159\u00eddy Spectre-V4 a byla tak\u00e9 zlep\u0161ena ochrana p\u0159ed zranitelnostmi Spectre-BHB.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architektu\u0159e AMD64 byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora instrukc\u00ed AVX-512. Byla implementov\u00e1na ochrana p\u0159ed zranitelnost\u00ed RFDS v procesorech Intel Atom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora desky Milk-V Pioneer zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architektu\u0159e RISC-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl odstran\u011bn mechanismus msyscall, kter\u00fd byl pou\u017eit pro ozna\u010den\u00ed oblast\u00ed pam\u011bti, z nich\u017e bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bt syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u00edsto msyscall byly zavedeny syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed mimmutable a pinsyscalls.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla provedena pr\u00e1ce na zlep\u0161en\u00ed podpory energeticky \u00fasporn\u00fdch stav\u016f S0 a p\u0159echodu do sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu na modern\u00edm hardwaru. Na syst\u00e9mech amd64 byl implementov\u00e1n re\u017eim \"suspend-to-idle\", kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch bez podpory sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu S3. Byly vy\u0159e\u0161eny mnoh\u00e9 probl\u00e9my v ovlada\u010d\u00edch, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1nily pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho vol\u00e1n\u00ed readdir byla p\u0159id\u00e1na kontrola p\u0159\u00edtomnosti znaku \"\/\" v n\u00e1zvech soubor\u016f, aby se zablokovaly mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00fatoky na aplikace p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdmi souborov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vylep\u0161en\u00e1 podpora v\u00edceprocesorov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f (SMP). P\u0159id\u00e1ny mo\u017enosti paraleln\u00edho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edch UDP paket\u016f a raw socket\u016f IPv4\/IPv6 na r\u016fzn\u00fdch j\u00e1drech CPU. Zlep\u0161ena pr\u00e1ce s blokacemi pro sockety unix4 a UDP. Sockety AF_ROUTE byly p\u0159evedeny na nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob pr\u00e1ce s blokacemi. Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed shutdown, sigsuspend a kbind, stejn\u011b jako TCP \u010dasova\u010de a mnoho sysctl byly zbaveny glob\u00e1ln\u00ed blokace.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla provedena zlep\u0161en\u00ed v hypervizoru VMM. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora mechanismu AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) pro ochranu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f p\u0159ed z\u00e1sahy ze strany hypervizoru nebo spr\u00e1vce hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Byla zlep\u0161ena dostupnost funkc\u00ed CPU z virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f. Do vmctl byla p\u0159id\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edkaz \"status -r\" pro zobrazen\u00ed stavu pouze spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementace r\u00e1mce drm (Direct Rendering Manager) byla synchronizov\u00e1na s j\u00e1drem Linux 6.6.52 (v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed bylo 6.6.19). V ovlada\u010di inteldrm byla implementov\u00e1na podpora GPU pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho v procesorech Intel na b\u00e1zi mikroarchitektury Meteor Lake.\n<li class=\"l\"> Funkce scandirat pro proch\u00e1zen\u00ed obsahu adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f byla p\u0159enesena z FreeBSD.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu byl odstran\u011bn star\u00fd DHCP klient dhclient, m\u00edsto kter\u00e9ho se doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edvat neust\u00e1le spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd backgroundov\u00fd proces dhcpleased, dod\u00e1van\u00fd od verze OpenBSD 6.9 a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed utilitu ifconfig pro zapnut\u00ed automatick\u00e9 konfigurace s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed p\u0159es DHCP (aktivov\u00e1no spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm \"ifconfig $if autoconf\" nebo p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm \"inet autoconf\" do \/etc\/hostname.$if).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pou\u017eit\u00ed symbolu s nulov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem v shell skriptech zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00fdchoz\u00edm interpretem p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f ksh je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no. P\u0159\u00edtomnost nulov\u00fdch symbol\u016f ve skriptech nyn\u00ed povede k ukon\u010den\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed s v\u00fdstupem chyby, s v\u00fdjimkou p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy jsou um\u00edst\u011bny mezi daty p\u0159ipojen\u00fdmi na konci souboru za k\u00f3dem.\n<li class=\"l\"> Utility tar byla p\u0159evedena na pou\u017eit\u00ed form\u00e1tu PAX jako v\u00fdchoz\u00edho p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed archiv\u016f. Pou\u017eit\u00ed form\u00e1tu PAX umo\u017en\u00ed uchov\u00e1vat del\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1zvy soubor\u016f, zpracov\u00e1vat odkazy, vyu\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159esn\u00e9 informace o \u010dasu a archivovat soubory velmi velk\u00e9 velikosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do X11-staku Xenocara, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho v OpenBSD pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed grafick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, byla p\u0159id\u00e1na knihovna libva, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edvat programov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed VA-API (Video Acceleration API) pro hardwarov\u00e9 zrychlen\u00ed k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed a dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed videa v r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1tech. Pr\u00e1ce hardwarov\u00e9ho zrychlen\u00ed byla otestov\u00e1na s ovlada\u010di pro GPU Intel a AMD p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de Firefox a videop\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010de mpv. Nezbytn\u00e9 ovlada\u010de pro GPU Intel jsou k dispozici v portech graphics\/intel-media-driver a graphics\/intel-vaapi-driver, zat\u00edmco pro pr\u00e1ci s GPU AMD jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny standardn\u00ed komponenty z Mesa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna mo\u017enost spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed desktopov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed KDE Plasma 6.\n<li class=\"l\">Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora nov\u00e9 hardwarov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a do syst\u00e9mu byly zahrnuty nov\u00e9 ovlada\u010de, spojen\u00e9 s komponenty r\u016fzn\u00fdch SoC a podporou Ethernetov\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f. Do ovlada\u010d\u016f igc a dwqe byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora hardwarov\u00e9ho tagov\u00e1n\u00ed VLAN a v ovlada\u010d\u00edch dwqe, vmx, igc a vio(4) byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna externizace s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch operac\u00ed na stranu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch karet.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do kompil\u00e1toru byla p\u0159id\u00e1na volba \"-fret-clean\", kter\u00e1 prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1vratov\u00e9 adresy na z\u00e1sobn\u00edku po dokon\u010den\u00ed vol\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna funk\u010dnost PPP rozhran\u00ed v dom\u00e9n\u011b sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed (rdomain).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro IPv6 byl p\u0159id\u00e1n re\u017eim \"sysctl net.inet6.ip6.forwarding = 2\", kter\u00fd dovoluje p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed paket\u016f pouze pro IPsec.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do funkce getsockopt() byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora p\u0159\u00edznaku SO_ACCEPTCONN, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje zkontrolovat, zda bylo pro socket provedeno vol\u00e1n\u00ed funkce listen().\n<li class=\"l\"> Do iked, implementace protokolu IKEv2 pro IPsec, byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora autentizace, autorizace a akvizi\u010dn\u00edho \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu RADIUS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na RADIUS server radiusd byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora DAE (Dynamic Authorization Extensions), stejn\u011b jako mo\u017enost um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed do radiusd.conf. Byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny moduly: radiusd_ipcp pro konfiguraci poolu, radiusd_file pro autentizaci prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edho souboru. Do radiusctl byla p\u0159id\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edkaz \u201eipcp delete\u201c pro odstran\u011bn\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho sezen\u00ed bez ukon\u010den\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP adress\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"873\">IP adress<\/a>, radiusd_file pro autentizaci p\u0159es lok\u00e1ln\u00ed soubor. Do radiusctl byla p\u0159id\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edkaz \"ipcp delete\" pro odstran\u011bn\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed relace bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed spojen\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed proces dhcp6leased pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed prefix\u016f IPv6 od\n<li class=\"l\"> DHCPv6. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/\"   title=\"servery\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1732\">servery<\/a> Byl aktualizov\u00e1n OpenSSH. Seznam zm\u011bn lze zobrazit v ozn\u00e1men\u00edch OpenSSH 9.8 a OpenSSH 9.9.\n<li class=\"l\"> Po\u010det port\u016f pro architekturu AMD64 \u010dinil 12312 (bylo 12309), pro aarch64 \u2014 12148 (bylo 12145), pro i386 \u2014 10534 (bylo 10830). Mezi verzemi aplikac\u00ed v portech jsou:\n<li class=\"l\"> Po\u010det port\u016f pro architekturu AMD64 \u010dinil 12312 (bylo 12309), pro aarch64 \u2013 12148 (bylo 12145), pro i386 \u2013 10534 (bylo 10830). Mezi verzemi aplikac\u00ed v portech:\n<ul>\n<li>Audacity 3.6.3      <\/li>\n<li>Audacity 3.6.3      <\/li>\n<li>CMake 3.30.1      <\/li>\n<li>Chromium 128.0.6613.137      <\/li>\n<li>Emacs 29.4      <\/li>\n<li>FFmpeg 4.4.5      <\/li>\n<li>GCC 8.4.0 a 11.2.0      <\/li>\n<li>GHC 9.6.6      <\/li>\n<li>GNOME 46      <\/li>\n<li>Go 1.23.1      <\/li>\n<li>JDK 8u402, 11.0.24, 17.0.12 a 21.0.4      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Applications 24.05.2      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Frameworks 6.5.0      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Plasma 6.1.4      <\/li>\n<li>Krita 5.2.3      <\/li>\n<li>LLVM\/Clang 13.0.0, 16.0.6 a 17.0.6      <\/li>\n<li>LibreOffice 24.8.1.2      <\/li>\n<li>Lua 5.1.5, 5.2.4, 5.3.6 a 5.4.7      <\/li>\n<li>Mutt 2.2.13 a NeoMutt 20240201      <\/li>\n<li>Mono 6.12.0.199      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Firefox 130.0.1 a ESR 128.2.0      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Thunderbird 128.2.3      <\/li>\n<li>Node.js 20.17.0      <\/li>\n<li>OpenLDAP 2.6.8      <\/li>\n<li>PHP 8.1.29, 8.2.23 a 8.3.11      <\/li>\n<li>Postfix 3.9.0      <\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL 16.4      <\/li>\n<li>Python 2.7.18, 3.11.10      <\/li>\n<li>Qt 5.15.13 (+ patche od kde) a 6.6.3      <\/li>\n<li>R 4.4.1      <\/li>\n<li>Ruby 3.1.6, 3.2.5 a 3.3.5      <\/li>\n<li>Rust 1.81.0      <\/li>\n<li>Sudo 1.9.15.5      <\/li>\n<li>Shotcut 24.04.28      <\/li>\n<li>Suricata 7.0.3      <\/li>\n<li>Suricata 7.0.6      <\/li>\n<li>Tcl\/Tk 8.5.19 a 8.6.13      <\/li>\n<li>TeX Live 2023      <\/li>\n<li>Vim 9.1.707 a Neovim 0.10.1      <\/li>\n<li>Xfce 4.18.1  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly aktualizov\u00e1ny komponenty od t\u0159et\u00edch stran zahrnut\u00e9 v OpenBSD 7.6:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Grafick\u00fd stack Xenocara zalo\u017een\u00fd na X.Org 7.7 s xserver 21.1.13 + patche, freetype 2.13.2, fontconfig 2.14.2, Mesa 23.3.6, xterm 393, xkeyboard-config 2.20, fonttosfnt 1.2.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> LLVM\/Clang 16.0.6 (+ patche)\n<li class=\"l\"> GCC 4.2.1 (+ opravy) a 3.3.6 (+ opravy)\n<li class=\"l\"> Perl 5.38.2 (+ patche)\n<li class=\"l\"> NSD 4.9.1\n<li class=\"l\"> Unbound 1.21.0\n<li class=\"l\"> Ncurses 6.4\n<li class=\"l\"> Binutils 2.17 (+ patche)\n<li class=\"l\"> Gdb 6.3 (+ patche)\n<li class=\"l\"> Awk od 28. \u010dervence 2024.\n<li class=\"l\"> Expat 2.6.3\n<li class=\"l\"> zlib 1.3.1 (+ opravy)   <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62018\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.6. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenBSD \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043c (Theo de Raadt) \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 NetBSD, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a CVS \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e NetBSD. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442 \u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 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