{"id":120219,"date":"2024-10-18T13:09:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:09:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-otkryl-kod-gipervizora-openvmm-i-platformy-paravirtualizaczii-openhcl"},"modified":"2024-10-18T13:09:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:09:11","slug":"microsoft-otkryl-kod-gipervizora-openvmm-i-platformy-paravirtualizaczii-openhcl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/microsoft-otkryl-kod-gipervizora-openvmm-i-platformy-paravirtualizaczii-openhcl","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft otev\u0159el k\u00f3d hypervisoru OpenVMM a platformy paravirtualizace OpenHCL","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Microsoft ozn\u00e1mila otev\u0159en\u00ed zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3d\u016f vrstvy pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed paravirtualizace OpenHCL a monitoru virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f OpenVMM, kter\u00fd je vyv\u00edjen speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro organizaci pr\u00e1ce OpenHCL. K\u00f3d OpenVMM a OpenHCL je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Rust a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se pod licenc\u00ed MIT. OpenVMM pat\u0159\u00ed mezi hypervizory druh\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed ve stejn\u00e9m ochrann\u00e9m prstenci jako j\u00e1dro opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, podobn\u011b jako produkty jako VirtualBox a VMware Workstation. Podporov\u00e1na je \u010dinnost na hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech zalo\u017een\u00fdch na Linuxu (x86_64), Windows (x86_64, Aarch64) a macOS (x86_64, Aarch64), s vyu\u017eit\u00edm API virtualizace poskytovan\u00e9ho t\u011bmito OS, jako jsou KVM, SHV (Microsoft Hypervisor), WHP (Windows Hypervisor Platform) a Hypervisor.framework.     <\/p>\n<p>Mezi funkcemi podporovan\u00fdmi v OpenVMM jsou:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v re\u017eimech UEFI a BIOS, p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed j\u00e1dra Linuxu;\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora paravirtualizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na ovlada\u010d\u00edch Virtio (virtio-fs, virtio-9p, virtio-net, virtio-pmem);\n<li class=\"l\">  Podpora paravirtualizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na VMBus (storvsp, netvsp, vpci, framebuffer);\n<li class=\"l\"> Emulace vTPM, NVMe, UART, \u010dipov\u00e9 sady i440BX + PIIX4, IDE HDD, PCI a VGA;\n<li class=\"l\"> Backendy pro p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed grafiky, vstupn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, konzole, \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu;\n<li class=\"l\"> Spr\u00e1va prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku, interaktivn\u00ed konzole, gRPC a ttrpc.  <\/ul>\n<p>OpenHCL je prezentov\u00e1n jako prost\u0159ed\u00ed s komponentami paravirtualizace (paravirtualiz\u00e1tor), funguj\u00edc\u00ed na hypervizoru OpenVMM. Kl\u00ed\u010dovou vlastnost\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f virtualizace zalo\u017een\u00fdch na OpenVMM a OpenHCL je, \u017ee komponenty pro paravirtualizaci funguj\u00ed nikoli na stran\u011b hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, ale v jedn\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed ma\u0161in\u011b se syst\u00e9mem hosta. Izolaci vrstvy paravirtualizace od hostitelsk\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00ed soustavy zaji\u0161\u0165uje hypervizor druh\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b OpenVMM. OpenHCL v tomto pou\u017eit\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed firmware, kter\u00fd funguje na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni privilegi\u00ed ne\u017e opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed v hostitelsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed.            <\/p>\n<p> Odd\u011blen\u00ed hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a komponent OpenHCL se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed konceptu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry (VTL, Virtual Trust Level), pro jejich\u017e realizaci mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eity jak softwarov\u00e9 mechanismy, tak hardwarov\u00e9 technologie, jako jsou Intel TDX (Trust Domain Extensions), AMD SEV-SNP (Secure Encrypted Virtualization-Secure Nested Paging) a ARM CCA (Confidential Compute Architecture). K prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed komponent OpenHCL se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e1 verze j\u00e1dra Linuxu, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed pouze minim\u00e1ln\u011b pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 komponenty pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed OpenVMM.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Microsoft otev\u0159el k\u00f3d hypervisoru OpenVMM a platformy paravirtualizace OpenHCL\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/e998f3109604aad0946a76e3fc7d5233.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>OpenHCL m\u016f\u017ee b\u011b\u017eet na platform\u00e1ch x86-64 a ARM64 a podporuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed Intel TDX, AMD SEV-SNP a ARM CCA pro dodate\u010dnou izolaci. OpenHCL zahrnuje sadu slu\u017eeb, ovlada\u010d\u016f a emul\u00e1tor\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k organizaci p\u0159\u00edstupu k hardwaru, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed provozu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na stran\u011b hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a emulaci hardwarov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt emulov\u00e1n \u010dip pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kryptografick\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f \u2014 vTPM).     <\/p>\n<p>Pro p\u0159enos p\u0159\u00edstupu k hardwaru na stran\u011b hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ovlada\u010de s podporou paravirtualizace nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmu stroji, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ev\u00e9st st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed hostitelsk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my do prost\u0159ed\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na OpenHCL bez nutnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bt v nich zm\u011bny. Krom\u011b toho OpenHCL zahrnuje komponenty pro diagnostiku a lad\u011bn\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2180\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f<\/a>, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 s vyu\u017eit\u00edm roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f.    <\/p>\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edho otev\u0159en\u00e9ho projektu COCONUT-SVSM (Secure VM Service Module), kter\u00fd poskytuje slu\u017eby a emulovan\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro hostitelsk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my provozuj\u00edc\u00ed d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e9 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtual machines\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4290\">virtual machines<\/a> (CVM, D\u016fv\u011brn\u00fd virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj), OpenHCL umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed standardn\u00edch rozhran\u00ed v hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, zat\u00edmco COCONUT-SVSM vy\u017eaduje z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed interakce se SVSM, proveden\u00ed zm\u011bn v hostitelsk\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu a pou\u017eit\u00ed samostatn\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f.      <\/p>\n<p>Mezi aplikace paravirtualizace OpenHCL pat\u0159\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e jako p\u0159echod st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hardwarov\u00fdch akceler\u00e1tor\u016f Azure Boost bez nutnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bt zm\u011bny v diskov\u00e9m obraze hostitelsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu; provoz st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f ve virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty (nap\u0159\u00edklad na z\u00e1klad\u011b Intel TDX a AMD SEV-SNP); zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f pomoc\u00ed re\u017eimu UEFI Secure Boot a vTPM.    <\/p>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee projekt OpenVMM se zam\u011b\u0159uje na pou\u017eit\u00ed s OpenHCL a zat\u00edm nen\u00ed p\u0159ipraven pro samostatn\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed na hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech pro pracovn\u00ed implementace koncov\u00fdmi u\u017eivateli. Mezi probl\u00e9my OpenVMM, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v hostitelsk\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch v tradi\u010dn\u00edm kontextu, mimo spojen\u00ed s OpenHCL, pat\u0159\u00ed: \u0161patn\u00e1 dokumentace ovl\u00e1dac\u00edho rozhran\u00ed; nedostatek dostate\u010dn\u00e9 optimalizace v\u00fdkonu backend\u016f pro \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, s\u00ed\u0165 a grafiku; nedostatek podpory n\u011bkter\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f (nap\u0159. IDE disk\u016f a PS\/2 my\u0161\u00ed); \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka stability API a funkcionality. Spojen\u00ed OpenVMM a OpenHCL ji\u017e dos\u00e1hlo \u00farovn\u011b pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho nasazen\u00ed a je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no spole\u010dnost\u00ed Microsoft na platform\u011b Azure (Azure Boost SKU) k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed provozu v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,5 milionu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62070\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 OpenHCL \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d OpenVMM, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b OpenHCL. \u041a\u043e\u0434 OpenVMM \u0438 OpenHCL \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 MIT. OpenVMM \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":120220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 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