{"id":120515,"date":"2024-11-07T13:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T11:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T11:09:09","slug":"dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux","title":{"rendered":"K dispozici je Lima 1.0, n\u00e1stroj pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na Linuxu.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn vyd\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroje Lima 1.0, kter\u00fd p\u016fvodn\u011b vyv\u00edjel vrstvu podobnou WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) pro spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed na macOS (Linux-on-Mac), ale n\u00e1sledn\u011b se vyvinul v univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroj pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f s Linuxem na r\u016fzn\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. V sou\u010dasnosti lze Lima pou\u017e\u00edvat na macOS, Linuxu, Windows a syst\u00e9mech BSD. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem projektu je poskytnout jednoduch\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak spou\u0161t\u011bt libovoln\u00e9 Linuxov\u00e9 distribuce v izolovan\u00fdch kontejnerech nebo virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se automaticky p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1vaj\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 porty a sd\u00edlen\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k soubor\u016fm. K\u00f3d projektu je naps\u00e1n ve funkcionaln\u00edm jazyce Go a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed Apache 2.0. <\/p>\n

Pro izolovan\u00e9 spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v Linuxov\u00fdch a BSD syst\u00e9mech lze pou\u017e\u00edt runtime containerd a r\u016fzn\u00e9 motory pro izolaci kontejner\u016f (Apptainer, Docker, Podman, LXD). V macOS se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 QEMU s akceler\u00e1torem HVF nebo p\u0159\u00edmo vestav\u011bn\u00fd pro macOS virtualiza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj Virtualization.framework. Pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed ve Windows se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vrstva WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux). Podporuje se spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxov\u00fdch distribuc\u00ed sestaven\u00fdch pro architekturu x86_64 na hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech s architekturou ARM64 a naopak. V experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm re\u017eimu je podpora architektur riscv64 a ARM32. <\/p>\n

Pro p\u0159\u00edstup k soubor\u016fm hostitelsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt SSHFS, virtio-9p-pci\/virtfs (v\u00fdchoz\u00ed) a virtiofs. P\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch port\u016f se prov\u00e1d\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f p\u0159es \/proc\/net\/tcp a iptables, s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm automatick\u00fdm spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm «ssh» s volbou «-L». Jako experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce je k dispozici p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k zvukov\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu ALSA a organizace vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed p\u0159es VNC. <\/p>\n

Pro rychl\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsou k dispozici \u0161ablony p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 verze distribuc\u00ed AlmaLinux, Alpine, Arch Linux, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo, openSUSE, Oracle Linux, Rocky a Ubuntu. Pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00edch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch obraz\u016f je doporu\u010deno pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1stroj BuildKit. Mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed Lima pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed je integrov\u00e1na do n\u00e1stroj\u016f Finch (Amazon), Rancher Desktop (SUSE), Colima a Podman Desktop (Red Hat). Samostatn\u011b se vyv\u00edj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed grafick\u00e9 u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed Lima GUI, napsan\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed Qt.

\"K<\/center>
\"K<\/center> <\/p>\n

Verze Lima 1.0 je ozna\u010dena jako prvn\u00ed stabiln\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed projektu, kter\u00e9 shrnuje t\u0159i roky v\u00fdvoje a zahrnuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uj\u00ed zp\u011btnou kompatibilitu. Stabilizov\u00e1na byla podpora ovlada\u010de vz, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 virtualiza\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m Virtualization.framework na platform\u011b macOS. Na syst\u00e9mech od macOS 13.5 je nyn\u00ed ovlada\u010d vz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed. Mezi stabiln\u00ed ovlada\u010de byly tak\u00e9 za\u0159azeny ovlada\u010d 9p pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed soubor\u016f a ovlada\u010d user-v2 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed UDP port\u016f. Bylo aktualizov\u00e1no mnoho instala\u010dn\u00edch \u0161ablon distribuc\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny \u0161ablony pro Fedora 41 a Ubuntu 24.10.
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0441 Linux \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 Lima \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 macOS, Linux, Windows \u0438 BSD-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430 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