{"id":121227,"date":"2025-01-04T21:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T19:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami"},"modified":"2026-02-08T19:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T17:38:48","slug":"naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","title":{"rendered":"Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti roku 2024 spojen\u00e9 s otev\u0159en\u00fdmi projekty","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 sb\u00edrka nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejz\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed roku 2024 spojen\u00fdch s otev\u0159en\u00fdmi projekty a informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed:      <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Konflikty: Krize projektu NixOS. Vylou\u010den\u00ed Sonnyho Piersa z p\u0159edstavenstva GfNOME Foundation. Do\u010dasn\u00e9 pozastaven\u00ed autora B\u0441acheFS a jeho kritika Linuse Torvaldse. Vylou\u010den\u00ed jednoho z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f Pythonu. Konflikt WordPress s WP Engine, kter\u00fd vy\u00fastil v nahrazen\u00ed pluginu ACF. \u00datoky Malibal na CoreBoot. St\u00ed\u017enost Evropsk\u00e9mu regul\u00e1torovi na Mozillu. Blokace uBlock Origin Lite. Rebranding Apache kv\u016fli indi\u00e1n\u016fm.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sankce a blokace: Vylou\u010den\u00ed 11 maintainer\u016f j\u00e1dra Linuxu spojen\u00fdch s Ruskou federac\u00ed. Odm\u00edtnut\u00ed Springu p\u0159ijmout zm\u011bny od v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f z RF. Spln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f Mozilly na Roskomnadzor, n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed blokace a pokuty. Do\u010dasn\u00e1 blokace RF na Docker Hub. Uzav\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu RF k repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016fm OpenTofu. Chybn\u00e1 blokace OpenXRay na GitHubu. Blokace v GitLab prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010dov\u00e9ho dopl\u0148ku BPC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Forky: FreeNginx \u2014 fork Nginx, Valkey a Redict \u2014 forky SDB Redis, Flock \u2014 fork Flutter, Apache Cloudberry \u2014 fork SDB Greenplum. Prvn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed OpenTofu, fork Terraform. P\u0159echod OpenSearch, fork Elasticsearch, do Linux Foundation.\n<li class=\"l\"> Akvizice, f\u00faze a spole\u010dn\u00e9 projekty: Microsoft p\u0159edal Mono komunit\u011b Wine. IBM kupuje HashiCorp. Mozilla pohltila spole\u010dnost Anonym. F\u00faze Toru a Tails. Restrukturalizace OpenSSL a f\u00faze s knihovnami Bouncy Castle a Cryptlib. Iniciativa na rozvoj architektury x86.\n<li class=\"l\"> Patenty a autorsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va: \u00datoky Nintenda na projekty vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed emul\u00e1tory konzol\u00ed: Yuzu, Suyu, Ryujinx, forky Yuzu. Iniciativa OS Zone zru\u0161ila 54 patent\u016f. Odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k\u00f3du ZLUDA na po\u017eadavek AMD. HDMI Forum nedovolilo implementaci HDMI 2.1 v otev\u0159en\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u00edch.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z\u00e1kony a pravidla: Mo\u017enost blokace v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f j\u00e1dra Linux, kte\u0159\u00ed poru\u0161uj\u00ed kodex chov\u00e1n\u00ed. FCC vr\u00e1tila pravidla s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 neutrality. Pravidla pro pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch zn\u00e1mek Rust. NetBSD a Gentoo zak\u00e1zaly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du generovan\u00e9ho AI syst\u00e9my. GitHub zak\u00e1zal um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed projekt\u016f pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed deepfake.\n<li class=\"l\"> Licence: Koncept licence Post-Open. P\u0159echod datab\u00e1ze Redis, CockroachDB a ScyllaDB na propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed licenci. N\u00e1vrat Elasticsearch na otev\u0159enou licenci. Ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvoje datab\u00e1ze Greenplum jako otev\u0159en\u00e9ho produktu. Zm\u011bna licence Zabbix z GPLv2 na AGPLv3, Forgejo z MIT na GPLv3, OpenVPN z GPLv2 na GPLv2 s v\u00fdjimkami. Licence probl\u00e9m\u016f s ovlada\u010di Tuxedo.\n<li class=\"l\"> Publikace zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du Winamp. Poru\u0161en\u00ed licence GPL v k\u00f3du Winamp. Odebr\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du Winamp.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zaveden\u00ed definice otev\u0159en\u00e9ho AI syst\u00e9mu a iniciativa pro jeho zru\u0161en\u00ed. Hodnocen\u00ed otev\u0159enosti generativn\u00edch AI model\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 platformy a katalogy aplikac\u00ed: \u00dapln\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed Forgejo od Gitea. P\u0159echod Fedora na Forgejo. GitVerse od SberTech. P2P platforma Radicle 1.0. Hosting Git repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f Game of Trees Hub. Povinn\u00e1 dvoufaktorov\u00e1 autentizace a nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v PyPI. 2 miliardy sta\u017een\u00ed a milion u\u017eivatel\u016f na Flathub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Programovac\u00ed jazyky a p\u0159eklada\u010de: GCC 14, LLVM 18\/19, Java SE 22\/23, Go 1.22\/1.23, .NET 9, Perl 5.40, Julia 1.11, PHP 8.4, Ruby 3.4, V 0.4.8, Snek 1.10, Tcl\/Tk 9.0, Swift 6.0, Clojure 1.12, Mojo 24.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nov\u00e9 jazyky a kompil\u00e1tory: Borgo (kombinuje nejlep\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti Go a Rust). TrapC (jazyk podobn\u00fd C, bezpe\u010dn\u011b pracuj\u00edc\u00ed s pam\u011bt\u00ed). Hare (jazyk bl\u00edzk\u00fd C od tv\u016frce Sway). Pkl (jazyk pro definici konfigurace). Vcc \u2014 C\/C++ kompil\u00e1tor pro Vulkan. Bend \u2014 jazyk pro paraleln\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty na GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje: Meson 1.6, Automake 1.17, GNU Mes 0.27. Gittuf pro kryptografickou ochranu Git repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f. V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed Eclipse Theia. Otev\u0159en\u00fd editor k\u00f3du Zed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Python: Python sesadil JavaScript z prvn\u00edho m\u00edsta v hodnocen\u00ed GitHub. Vestav\u011bn\u00fd JIT p\u0159eklada\u010d. Python 3.13. NumPy 2.0.0. P\u0159eklada\u010d Nuitka 2.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 programov\u00e1n\u00ed: Podpora mechanism\u016f bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce s pam\u011bt\u00ed v C++. Strategie pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed v Androidu. Fil-C \u2014 kompil\u00e1tor pro bezpe\u010dnou pr\u00e1ci s pam\u011bt\u00ed v C\/C++. Hodnocen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti pou\u017eit\u00ed MiraclePtr v C++. Hyperlight \u2014 hypervizor pro izolaci jednotliv\u00fdch funkc\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Rust: AI p\u0159eklada\u010d pro p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed C k\u00f3du na Rust. Konsorcium pro v\u00fdvoj vysoce spolehliv\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f na Rust. Anal\u00fdza pou\u017eit\u00ed unsafe v Rust bal\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch. Verifikace standardn\u00ed knihovny Rust. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159enositelnosti mezi C++ a Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 komponenty: systemd 256\/257, Glibc 2.39\/2.40, GNU Shepherd 1.0.0. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed u libsystemd. run0 \u2014 integrovan\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada za sudo v systemd. Port systemd zalo\u017een\u00fd na Musl.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hardware: Router OpenWrt One. Nov\u00e9 desky Raspberry Pi: Pico 2, Compute Module 5, Pico 2 W, 500, Monitor, Media Center. AI asistent Home Assistant Voice. Vortex 2.2 (otev\u0159en\u00fd GPGPU zalo\u017een\u00fd na RISC-V). Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9ho procesoru kompatibiln\u00edho se Z80. FuryGpu \u2014 GPU na b\u00e1zi FPGA. PiDP-10 (klon mainframu PDP-10). Prvn\u00ed \u010dip na platform\u011b OpenTitan.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firmware: Intel's participation in the development of CoreBoot. Tool fwupd 2.0.0. Firmware modifications for TI CC13XX and CC26XX chips.\n<li class=\"l\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/dts-sofia\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"408\">S\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 infrastruktura<\/a>: Iniciativa pro v\u00fdchoz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed TCP_NODELAY (implementov\u00e1no v OpenBSD). Tesla otev\u0159ela protokol TTPoE. Pod\u00edl odpadov\u00e9ho provozu vzrostl na 6,8 %. free5GC pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed referen\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b 5G. Ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory protokolu OCSP v Let\u2019s Encrypt. R\u00e1mec Pingora od Cloudflare. Syst\u00e9m konfigurace Netplan 1.0. S\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd stack F-Stack 1.24. hostapd\/wpa_supplicant 2.11 s podporou Wi-Fi 7.\n<li class=\"l\"> Standards: C23. Vulkan 1.4. POSIX 1003.1-2024. BPF standardization. OpenMP 6.0. Standardization of post-quantum encryption algorithms. RFC for the FLAC audio codec.\n<li class=\"l\"> Protection mechanisms: OpenPaX (analog of Grsecurity\/Pax). IPE access control system.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nov\u00e9 OS a distribuce: KDE vyv\u00edj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed distribuci. ALDOS \u2014 varianta Fedory bez systemd. J\u00e1dra Asterinas a Maestro, napsan\u00e1 v Rustu a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed s Linuxem. Apertis \u2014 distribuce pro elektronick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed od Collabora. Chimera \u2014 j\u00e1dro Linuxu s prost\u0159ed\u00edm FreeBSD. Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI. Fedora Atomic Desktops. Serpent OS. AlmaLinux Kitten. Automaticky aktualizovan\u00e1 varianta Manjaro. Selectel OS. TileOS. Helios (na b\u00e1zi Illumos). ExectOS (s mikroj\u00e1drem podobn\u00fdm Windows NT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Distribution and OS updates: Ubuntu 24.04\/24.10, Ubuntu Core 24, CentOS Stream 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10-beta\/9.5\/9.4, Fedora 40\/41, openSUSE Leap 15.6, SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap Micro 6, ALT 10, elementary OS 8, Whonix 17.2, Linux Mint 22, Azure Linux 3.0, Proxmox VE 8.3, Tails 6, Alpine 3.21, Armbian 24.11, NixOS 24.11, Vanilla OS 2, Blend OS 4, Endless OS 6.0, LibreELEC 12.0, Manjaro 24.0, OpenMediaVault 7.0, Redox OS 0.9, Haiku R1-beta5, OpenIndiana 2024.04.\n<li class=\"l\"> Changes in distributions: GNOME OS transitioned into a distribution for regular users and switched to atomic updates. Arch Linux (port for RISC-V, Valve's participation). Fedora (removal of X11 session, transition to DNF5, AI tools, web-based installer, status as default edition for KDE). Changes in the preparation of interim releases of RHEL. OpenSUSE (switch to SLFO\/ALP platform, Agama installer, reproducible builds, cessation of using the SUSE brand). Fresh kernels in Ubuntu.\n<li class=\"l\"> OpenStreetMap moved from Ubuntu to Debian. LinkedIn migrated from CentOS to Azure Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Real-time OS: RISC OS 5.30. RT-Thread 5.1. Podpora Realtime re\u017eimu v j\u00e1dru Linux. Mo\u017enost bezplatn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed QNX 8.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> BSD: FreeBSD 14.2, NetBSD 10, OpenBSD 7.6. ravynOS (edice FreeBSD ve stylu macOS). NixBSD (NixOS s j\u00e1drem z FreeBSD). Diskuze o pou\u017eit\u00ed Rustu ve FreeBSD. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed podpory notebook\u016f ve FreeBSD. Nov\u00fd cyklus p\u0159\u00edpravy vyd\u00e1n\u00ed FreeBSD. Grafick\u00fd instal\u00e1tor pro FreeBSD. SmolBSD (tvorba mikro-sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed NetBSD).\n<li class=\"l\"> Mobiln\u00ed platformy: Android 15\/16-pre, LineageOS 22, KDE Plasma Mobile 6, Phosh 0.44, webOS 2.27, Ubuntu Touch OTA-7 Focal, Bliss OS, postmarketOS 24.12, \/e\/OS 2.6. Ekosyst\u00e9m otev\u0159en\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch aplikac\u00ed Mobifree. Sestaven\u00ed postmarketOS zalo\u017een\u00e9 na systemd. Port Tizen pro RISC-V. Droidian \u2014 varianta Debianu pro smartphony. Podpora destruktivn\u00edho PIN k\u00f3du v GrapheneOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u0159evod Chrome OS na platformu Android. Podpora Linuxov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v Androidu. MicroFuchsia pro virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje v Androidu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Spr\u00e1va bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f: P\u0159echod OpenWrt na bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fd mana\u017eer APK. Pacstall (analog AUR pro Ubuntu). GNU Mes 0.27. Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed v\u00fdvoje RPM 6. Aura 4.0.0. Pacman 7.0. GNU Stow 2.4. N\u00e1hledov\u00e9 verze APT 3.0. Modernizace spr\u00e1vy bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v Arch Linuxu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nov\u00e1 u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed: Miracle, alpha testov\u00e1n\u00ed COSMIC, KDE 6, Theseus Ship (b\u00fdval\u00fd KWinFT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizace u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed: Xfce 4.20, GNOME 46\/47, KDE Plasma 6.0\/6.1\/6.2, KDE Gear 24.12, MATE 1.28, LXQt 2.1.0, Cinnamon 6.4, Trinity R14.1.3, MaXX Interactive Desktop 2.2, Sway 1.10, Budgie 10.9, Regolith 3.1. C\u00edle KDE na dva roky. Pl\u00e1n GNOME na 5 let. 40 let X Window System.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aktualizace kompozitn\u00edch server\u016f: labwc 0.8.0, Hyprland 0.46, Niri 0.1.10, Cage 0.2, Weston 14.0, Wayfire 0.9.\n<li class=\"l\"> GUI: GTK 4.41\/4.16, Qt 6.7\/6.8, IGL 1.0. FLTK 1.4.0 s podporou Wayland. Ardour pokra\u010doval ve v\u00fdvoji v\u011btve GTK2. PortableGL 0.98 (implementace OpenGL 3 v jazyce C). Nov\u00e9 enginy pro OpenGL a Vulkan v GTK. Louvre pro v\u00fdvoj kompozitn\u00edch server\u016f. V\u00fdvoj SDL3.\n<li class=\"l\"> GPU: Mesa 24.0\/24.1\/24.2\/24.3. V DXVK byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora Direct3D 8. P\u0159evod ovlada\u010d\u016f NVIDIA na otev\u0159en\u00e9 moduly j\u00e1dra. Otev\u0159en\u00e1 implementace vGPU od NVIDIA. Projekt LibreCUDA. AMD zve\u0159ejnil dokumentaci k GPU RDNA 3.5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora Wayland: Wayland 1.23. Mo\u017enost sestaven\u00ed GNOME pouze s Wayland. Podpora Wayland v ovlada\u010d\u00edch NVIDIA. Raspberry Pi OS p\u0159e\u0161el na Wayland. Projekt Frog pro propagaci nov\u00fdch protokol\u016f Wayland. Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed protokoly Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ovlada\u010de: Nova (nov\u00fd otev\u0159en\u00fd ovlada\u010d pro GPU NVIDIA s GSP firmwary). embedded-hal (tvorba ovlada\u010d\u016f na Rust). Zlep\u0161en\u00ed ovlada\u010d\u016f NVK a Zink. EXT2 na Rust. Honeykrisp (Vulkan driver pro \u010dip Apple M1). P\u0159ipravenost ovlada\u010de panthor pro 10. generaci GPU Mali. AMD uvolnil ovlada\u010d pro NPU s enginem XDNA.\n<li class=\"l\"> Multim\u00e9dia: Otev\u0159en\u00fd stack pro MIPI kamery. FFmpeg 7.0\/7.1, PipeWire 1.2.0, PulseAudio 17.0, OBS Studio 31.0, Kodi 21, MythTV 34. Zvukov\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed stanice Zrythm 1.0.0. Platforma pro spr\u00e1vu rozhlasov\u00fdch stanic Rivendell.\n<li class=\"l\"> Codecs: Zvukov\u00e9 kodeky TSAC a Opus 1.5. Dekod\u00e9r xHE-AAC od FFMpeg. jpegli \u2014 enkod\u00e9r a dekod\u00e9r JPEG od Google. Podpora JPEG XL v Samsungu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Grafika: Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se vyd\u00e1n\u00ed GIMP 3.0. Inkscape 1.4, Darktable 5.0, RawTherapee 5.10, Scribus 1.6.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed a 3D: Blender 4.3, FreeCAD 1.0, CadZinho 0.6, KiCad 8.0. Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d Google Blocks. Program 3D vizualizace OSPRay Studio 1.0 a engine 3D renderov\u00e1n\u00ed OSPRay 3.1. 3D model ostrova Caldera. Mapa silni\u010dn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed od Overture Maps.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hry: Beta verze NauEngine od VK, Godot 4.3, Open 3D Engine 24.09, Dagor Engine 24.12. N\u00e1stroj pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Windows her od Asahi. Lakka 5.0. Proton 9.0. Wine 9.0. Minetest p\u0159ejmenov\u00e1n na Luanti. Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d hry Descent 3. Projekt SteamFork. Podpora ASUS ROG Ally ve SteamOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nov\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u00e9 projekty: Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d emul\u00e1toru Mikage. Microsoft otev\u0159el k\u00f3d \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b Garnet. Valve otev\u0159elo k\u00f3d Steam Audio. NVIDIA p\u0159edala jazyk shader\u016f Slang konsorciu Khronos. Otev\u0159en\u00ed Bitwarden SDK.\n<li class=\"l\"> SYST\u00c9M DB: PostgreSQL 17, MySQL 8.4\/9.0\/9.1, MariaDB 11.4, Valkey 8.0, Redis 7.4, DuckDB 1.0, IvorySQL 4.0, SynchDB 1.0, EdgeDB 5.0, Firebird 5.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Web: Node.js 23\/24 s podporou TypeScript. Deno 2.0. Podpora k\u00f3du v jazyce C na JavaScript platform\u011b Bun. Wasmer 5. Test Speedometer 3.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de: Tor Browser 14.0, FixBrowser Wolvic na enginu Chromium. 25 let Dillo. Verso a Servo-the-browser na enginu Servo. Servo splnilo testy Acid2. Forced development of the Ladybird browser and decision to use Swift in it.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mozilla: Platforma pro zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed reklamy. Ukon\u010den\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce s Onerep. Zru\u0161en\u00ed projektu MLS (Mozilla Location Service). Rozhodnut\u00ed nep\u0159eru\u0161it podporu druh\u00e9 verze manifestu Chrome. Zm\u011bna veden\u00ed. Zimn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. AI generace webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. N\u00e1stroje pro rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di. Rebranding.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firefox: vyd\u00e1n\u00ed 122-133, ochrana proti sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, blokov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edch stran Cookie, do\u010dasn\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed, zobrazen\u00ed miniatur, p\u0159eklad fragment\u016f textu, \u201eFirefox Labs\u201c, integrovan\u00fd chatovac\u00ed robot, postrann\u00ed panel, vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed karty, sjednocen\u00fd dialog pro \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, automatick\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna HTTP za HTTPS, podpora Zstandard, vylep\u0161en\u00ed Firefox View a PDF prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de, port pro OS Haiku. Firefox slav\u00ed 20 let.\n<li class=\"l\"> Chrome: Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed 121-131, mikroplatby pro monetizaci, v\u00fdkon pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, odchod od druh\u00e9 verze manifestu, uchov\u00e1n\u00ed podpory pro t\u0159et\u00ed strany cookie, varov\u00e1n\u00ed o ukon\u010den\u00ed \u010dinnosti uBlock Origin, integrace velk\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho modelu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Distribuovan\u00e9 a P2P syst\u00e9my: Overlayov\u00e1 P2P s\u00ed\u0165 Nebula 1.9. Meshtastic \u2014 mesh s\u00ed\u0165 zalo\u017een\u00e1 na p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161e\u010d\u00edch LoRa. OpenZiti 1.0 pro integraci overlayov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed do aplikac\u00ed. PeerTube 7.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 bal\u00edky: LibreOffice 24.2\/24.8, Calligra 4.0, ONLYOFFICE 8.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> Strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed: AlphaFold 3 od DeepMind, model hertz-dev pro hlasovou komunikaci, ChatTTS pro synt\u00e9zu \u0159e\u010di, Databricks uvedl model DBRX, xAI, uvedl model Grok, debugger Transformer Debugger od OpenAI, Google uvedl model Gemma.\n<li class=\"l\"> Souborov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my: Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o zastar\u00e1n\u00ed ovlada\u010de Ext2 a odstran\u011bn\u00ed ReiserFS. Kluster Ceph s propustnost\u00ed tebibyte za sekundu. LittleFS 2.10. Klusterov\u00fd FS VitastorFS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Virtualizace a kontejnery: Pokrok v p\u0159evodu VMware Workstation na hypervizor KVM. VMware Workstation a VMware Fusion se staly bezplatn\u00fdmi. Paravirtualizace IOMMU v Xen. VirtualBox nad KVM. Microsoft uvolnil hypervizor OpenVMM\/OpenHCL. Finch pro Linux. P\u0159enos hostitelsk\u00fdch komponent Hyper-V do j\u00e1dra Linux. Lima 1.0 (Linux-on-Mac), Xen 4.19, XCP-ng 8.3, Kata Containers 3.4, LXC 6.0, QEMU 9.0-9.2, Bubblewrap 0.11, CRIU 4.0, Distrobox 1.8, VirtualBox 7.1, MicroCloud LTS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Serverov\u00e9 aplikace: OpenSSH 9.7-9.9, BIND 9.20, Samba 4.20\/4.21, Exim 4.98, Postfix 3.9, SMTP server chasquid 1.13, ClamAV 1.4, nginx 1.26 s HTTP\/3, libmicrohttpd 1.0.0, HAProxy 3.0. P\u0159echod Let's Encrypt na ntpd-rs. OpenSSH: ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory DSA, rozd\u011blen\u00ed na v\u00edce proces\u016f, ochrana proti hrub\u00e9mu s\u00edle.\n<li class=\"l\"> J\u00e1dro Linux: V\u011btev linus-next. Diskuze o pou\u017eit\u00ed C++ v j\u00e1d\u0159e. Lunatik (tvorba zpracovatel\u016f v Lua). Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Linuxu na \u010dipu Intel 4004. Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d pro podporu CPU Elbrus. Kolize. Verze mikroarchitektury x86_64. J\u00e1dro ELKS 0.8 pro 16bitov\u00e9 CPU. V\u011btev UEK-next od Oracle.\n<li class=\"l\"> eBPF: pl\u00e1nova\u010de \u00faloh, diagnostika vstupn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, pr\u00e1ce v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru, bpftop, aktualizace DTrace. Pl\u00e1n ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory star\u00fdch CPU ARM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hlavn\u00ed zm\u011bny v j\u00e1d\u0159e:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.7: integrace FS Bcachefs, ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory architektury Itanium, mo\u017enost pr\u00e1ce Nouveau s firmwarem GSP-R, podpora TLS \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed v NVMe-TCP, mo\u017enost vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdjimek v BPF, podpora futex v io_uring, optimalizace v\u00fdkonu pl\u00e1nova\u010de fq (Fair Queuing), podpora roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed TCP-AO (TCP Authentication Option) a mo\u017enost omezen\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch p\u0159ipojen\u00ed v mechanismu ochrany Landlock, p\u0159id\u00e1no \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9mu prostoru a io_uring prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm AppArmor.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.8: ovlada\u010d Xe pro GPU Intel, re\u017eim ochrany blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s namontovan\u00fdmi FS, mechanismus pl\u00e1nova\u010de \u00faloh Deadline server, automatick\u00e1 optimalizace slou\u010den\u00ed identick\u00fdch str\u00e1nkov\u00fdch pam\u011bt\u00ed, prvn\u00ed ovlada\u010d napsan\u00fd v jazyce Rust, syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed listmount a statmount, odstran\u011bn\u00ed bpfilter a SLAB, mechanismus guest_memfd v KVM, profilov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k dat\u016fm.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.9: modul dm-vdo pro deduplikaci a kompresi blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, re\u017eim p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k soubor\u016fm v FUSE, podpora vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pidfd pro jednotliv\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna, mechanismus BPF token\u016f, podpora Rust na syst\u00e9mech ARM64, p\u0159eveden\u00ed ovlada\u010de FS Ext2 do kategorie zastaral\u00fdch, odstran\u011bn\u00ed star\u00e9ho ovlada\u010de NTFS, podpora mechanismu Intel FRED.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.10: ovlada\u010d ntsync s primitivy synchronizace Windows NT, komponenty DRM Panic pro realizaci analogie \u201emodr\u00e9 obrazovky smrti\u201c, ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory star\u00fdch CPU Alpha, mo\u017enost ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed integrity v FS zalo\u017een\u00e9 na FUSE, omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k ioctl prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mechanismu Landlock, subsyst\u00e9m pro profilov\u00e1n\u00ed operac\u00ed alokace pam\u011bti, syst\u00e9mov\u00fd vol\u00e1n\u00ed mseal(), mo\u017enost \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny dat s za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi TPM, podpora vysoce priorizovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch front v dm-crypt, ovlada\u010d panthor pro des\u00e1tou generaci GPU Mali.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.11: podpora atomick\u00fdch z\u00e1pisov\u00fdch operac\u00ed na blokov\u00e9 \u00farovni, podpora operac\u00ed bind() a listen() v io_uring, nov\u00fd mechanismus z\u00e1mk\u016f programov\u00fdch zpracovatel\u016f p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed, mo\u017enost z\u00e1pisu do zrcadlen\u00fdch v pam\u011bti spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f, podpora psan\u00ed ovlada\u010d\u016f blokov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v jazyce Rust, optimalizace v\u00fdzvy getrandom(), nov\u00e1 implementace AES-GCM.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.12: mo\u017enost zapnut\u00ed Realtime re\u017eimu, sched_ext pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pl\u00e1nova\u010d\u016f CPU prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm eBPF, v\u00fdstup QR k\u00f3du p\u0159i havarijn\u00edch stavech, mechanismus Device Memory TCP, mechanismus rezervov\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f SCHED_DEADLINE server, zlep\u0161en\u00ed pl\u00e1nova\u010de \u00faloh EEVDF, modul IPE pro definov\u00e1n\u00ed politik zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed integrity.    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0160ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed: Knihovna homomorfn\u00edho \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed od Apple. PGP n\u00e1stroj sq 1.0, OpenSSL 3.3\/3.4, LibreSSL 4.0, VeraCrypt 1.26.14, GnuPG 2.5, Libgcrypt 1.11.0, Cryptsetup 2.7.  Restrukturalizace OpenSSL. Kompatibilita Rustls s OpenSSL a nginx. Rozvoj postkvantov\u00fdch algoritm\u016f \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Probl\u00e9my s kryptografi\u00ed: KyberSlash (zranitelnost v postkvantov\u00e9m algoritmu Kyber). EUCLEAK (klonov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f YubiKey 5). Rekonstrukce kl\u00ed\u010de PuTTY.\n<li class=\"l\"> Backdoor v bal\u00ed\u010dku XZ Utils: retrospektiva, logika aktivace, v\u00fdsledky auditu, pokusy o podobn\u00e9 \u00fatoky na jin\u00e9 projekty.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zranitelnosti v procesorech: BadRAM (AMD, obchvat SEV-SNP), Sinkclose (AMD, p\u0159\u00edstup k SMM). Obchvat ochrany proti Spectre. Indirector (Intel). TikTag (ARM, obchvat MemTag). Nov\u00e1 varianta BHI (Intel). ZenHammer (AMD). GhostRace (Intel, AMD, ARM, IBM). GhostWrite (RISC-V XuanTie). LeftoverLocals (GPU AMD, Apple, Qualcomm a Imagination). RFDS (Intel Atom).\n<li class=\"l\"> Metody \u00fatok\u016f: KeyTrap a NSEC3 v DNSSEC. ArtPrompt a BoN pro obchvat filtr\u016f AI syst\u00e9m\u016f. Port Shadow (p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed a Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed VPN provozu). Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed TLS certifik\u00e1t\u016f pro ciz\u00ed dom\u00e9ny \u201e.mobi\u201c. \u00datok prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm IP 0.0.0.0 v prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di. SnailLoad (ur\u010den\u00ed otev\u00edran\u00fdch str\u00e1nek na z\u00e1klad\u011b zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed paket\u016f). \u00datok na zpracovatele neinstalovan\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v Ubuntu. Zacyklov\u00e1n\u00ed protokol\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na UDP. \u201eContinuation flood\u201c (naru\u0161en\u00ed chodu server\u016f HTTP\/2.0). Pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bdi v protokolu RADIUS. \u00datok prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm escape sekvenc\u00ed. BatBadBut (knihovny Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang a Haskell). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"240\">VPN<\/a> a Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed VPN provozu). Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed TLS certifik\u00e1t\u016f pro ciz\u00ed dom\u00e9ny \u201e.mobi\u201c. \u00datok p\u0159es IP 0.0.0.0 v prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di. SnailLoad (identifikace otev\u00edran\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek podle latence paket\u016f). \u00datok na zpracovatele neinstalovan\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v Ubuntu. Zacyklov\u00e1n\u00ed protokol\u016f na b\u00e1zi UDP. \u201eContinuation flood\u201c (naru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1ce server\u016f HTTP\/2.0). Pad\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bdi v protokolu RADIUS. \u00datok prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm escape sekvenc\u00ed. BatBadBut (knihovny Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang a Haskell).\n<li class=\"l\"> Probl\u00e9my zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 generov\u00e1n\u00edm AI odporn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v o zranitelnostech. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed reputace kv\u016fli CVE s fale\u0161n\u00fdmi a nafouknut\u00fdmi zranitelnostmi.\n<li class=\"l\"> Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed zranitelnosti: j\u00e1dro Linux (n_gsm, netfilter, io_uring, nf_tables, ksmbd, ktls, uio, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd stack), j\u00e1dro FreeBSD (1, 2), GRUB2 (RHEL), tuned, needrestart (v\u00fdchoz\u00ed v Ubuntu Server), PostgreSQL, NetworkManager-libreswan, guix-daemon, pam_oath, Nix, ovlada\u010de NVIDIA, Flatpak, Buildah, Podman, Node.js, libuv, Glibc.\n<li class=\"l\"> D\u00e1lkov\u00e9 zranitelnosti: IPv6 stack Linuxu. Bluetooth stack Androidu. Root zranitelnost v OpenSSH (regreSSHion), specifick\u00e9 pro RHEL a FreeBSD zranitelnosti v OpenSSH. Vykon\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du na syst\u00e9mech s CUPS (pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed). libaom a libvpx (kodeky AV1 a VP8\/VP9, mo\u017en\u00fd \u00fatok prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u016f). NFS server FreeBSD a OpenBSD. Apache Struts, GStreamer, Libarchive, X.Org Server (1, 2, 3, 4), libgsf (ovliv\u0148uje GNOME), Emacs, Js2Py, PHP, nginx (HTTP\/3), Fluent Bit, Git, R, Glibc (\u00fatok prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm PHP skript\u016f), Suricata, ClamAV, runc (ovliv\u0148uje Docker a Kubernetes), FFmpeg (JPEG XL), Redis.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daniky: Internet Archive. Cloudflare. Barracuda Networks. Kompromitace repozit\u00e1\u0159e PyTorch. Sout\u011b\u017ee Pwn2Own Automotive, Pwn2Own 2024 a Pwn2Own Ireland 2024.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ochrana soukrom\u00ed: Anal\u00fdza sezen\u00ed OpenVPN. Telemetrie v Manjaro Linux, Fedora a Go. Anal\u00fdza VPN aplikac\u00ed pro Android. Statistika blok\u00e1tor\u016f reklam. P\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm z vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch a soukrom\u00fdch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f GitHub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Anal\u00fdza sezen\u00ed OpenVPN. Telemetrie v Manjaro Linux, Fedora a Go. Anal\u00fdza VPN aplikac\u00ed pro Android. Statistika blok\u00e1tor\u016f reklam. P\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm z vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch a soukrom\u00fdch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f GitHub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zranitelnosti ve firmware a bootloaderu: Zranitelnost v Shim (obejit\u00ed UEFI Secure Boot). PixieFAIL (\u00fatok na UEFI firmware p\u0159es PXE). Zranitelnosti ve firmware UEFI Phoenix a AMI MegaRAC. Zranitelnosti ve firmware Qualcomm. Obejit\u00ed UEFI Secure Boot kv\u016fli testovac\u00edmu kl\u00ed\u010di na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desk\u00e1ch.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zranitelnosti v routerech a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch: V\u00fdpadek 659 tis\u00edc dom\u00e1c\u00edch router\u016f. Mo\u017enost ovl\u00e1dat modemy milion\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f ISP Cox. Z\u00e1dn\u00ed vr\u00e1tka v routerech a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u00edch D-Link. Zranitelnosti v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch Juniper. Zranitelnosti v routerech ASUS. SSID Confusion (zam\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed Wi-Fi s\u00edt\u011b). Zam\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed sestavovac\u00edch artefakt\u016f OpenWRT. Odem\u010den\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch z\u00e1mk\u016f Saflok.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v adres\u00e1\u0159\u00edch PyPI (1, 2) a Snap Store. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zranitelnosti v GitHub Enterprise Server, Gogs, GitLab (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Ru\u010dn\u00ed revize n\u00e1zv\u016f bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v Snap Store. Anal\u00fdza stahov\u00e1n\u00ed zastaral\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f z NPM. \u0160kodliv\u00e9 AI modely v repozit\u00e1\u0159i Hugging Face. Sto tis\u00edc repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f se \u0161kodliv\u00fdm k\u00f3dem na GitHubu.\n<li class=\"l\"> Chyby: Probl\u00e9my s bootov\u00e1n\u00edm Linuxu kv\u016fli chyb\u011b v aktualizaci na Windows (anal\u00fdza). Odstran\u011bn\u00ed \/home p\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u201esystemd-tmpfiles \u2014purge\u201c. Selh\u00e1n\u00ed v dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b RU kv\u016fli DNSSEC. Nesynchronizace ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho DNS serveru \u201eC\u201c. T\u00e9ma vzhledu KDE, kter\u00e9 odstra\u0148uje u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 soubory.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00datoky na infrastruktury: Vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho k\u00f3du p\u0159es Polyfill. \u00danik p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9ho tokenu do GitHub repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f Python. DDoS na SourceHut. \u00danik token\u016f Hugging Face Spaces. Publikace \u0161kodliv\u00fdch verz\u00ed Ultralytics. Vlo\u017een\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho k\u00f3du do ofici\u00e1ln\u00edho JavaScript klienta kryptom\u011bny Solana. \u0160kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d v pluginu ss-otr pro Pidgin.\n<li class=\"l\"> Incidenty: \u00dato\u010dn\u00edci zm\u011bnili nastaven\u00ed BGP oper\u00e1tora Orange Espagne. GitHub aktualizoval GPG kl\u00ed\u010de kv\u016fli zranitelnosti v infrastruktu\u0159e. \u00danik tokenu z intern\u00edch repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f Mercedes.    <\/ul>\n<p>B\u011bhem roku bylo na OpenNET zve\u0159ejn\u011bno 1569 zpr\u00e1v, k nim\u017e bylo p\u0159ipojeno 158 tis\u00edc koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Na podzim 2024 oslav\u00ed projekt OpenNET 28 let.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62475\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e: 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