{"id":121455,"date":"2025-01-23T15:46:01","date_gmt":"2025-01-23T13:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/iz-za-opechatki-v-nastrojkah-atakuyushhie-mogli-podmenit-dns-server-mastercard"},"modified":"2026-02-04T17:53:52","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T15:53:52","slug":"iz-za-opechatki-v-nastrojkah-atakuyushhie-mogli-podmenit-dns-server-mastercard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/iz-za-opechatki-v-nastrojkah-atakuyushhie-mogli-podmenit-dns-server-mastercard","title":{"rendered":"V d\u016fsledku p\u0159eklepu v nastaven\u00edch mohli \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci zm\u011bnit DNS server MasterCard.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk spole\u010dnosti Seralys identifikoval mo\u017enost podvodn\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bny DNS serveru pro dom\u00e9nu mastercard.com, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve infrastruktu\u0159e platebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu MasterCard. V nastaven\u00ed dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny mastercard.com od \u010dervna 2020 byla p\u0159\u00edtomna p\u0159eklep \u2013 v seznamu DNS server\u016f, kter\u00e9 spravuj\u00ed z\u00f3nu, byl nam\u00edsto hostitele \u201aa22-65.akam.net\u2018 (DNS slu\u017eba Akamai) uveden hostitel \u201aa22-65.akam.ne\u2018. Ko\u0159enov\u00e1 z\u00f3na \u201a.ne\u2018 je v\u00e1z\u00e1na na Republiku Niger a dom\u00e9na \u201aakam.ne\u2018 byla k dispozici na prodej. <\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee po dobu \u010dty\u0159 a p\u016fl let kdokoliv mohl koupit dom\u00e9nu<\/a> \u201aakam.ne\u2018, vytvo\u0159it hostitele \u201aa22-65.akam.ne\u2018, nasadit na n\u011bm DNS server, zalo\u017eit vlastn\u00ed verzi DNS z\u00f3ny mastercard.com a p\u0159esm\u011brovat jak\u00fdkoli subdom\u00e9nu mastercard.com na sv\u016fj server. DNSSEC pro mastercard.com nebyl pou\u017eit. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159eklep byl ud\u011bl\u00e1n v n\u00e1zvu jednoho z p\u011bti DNS server\u016f, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho \u00fatoku by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat kontrolu alespo\u0148 nad 1\/5 provozu. Dosah by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161it, pokud by se pro podvodnou z\u00f3nu nastavila vysok\u00e1 TTL (Time To Live), co\u017e by vedlo k del\u0161\u00edmu uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f v cache ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch resolver\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad podporovan\u00fdch spole\u010dnostmi Cloudflare (1.1.1.1) a Google (8.8.8.8).

\"V<\/center> <\/p>\n

Krom\u011b odposlechu provozu existuj\u00edc\u00edch hostitel\u016f by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1padn\u00fd \u00fatok a vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u016fvodn\u011b chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed subdom\u00e9nu k organizaci phishingu, nap\u0159\u00edklad zalo\u017een\u00edm hostitele \u201aredemtion.mastercard.com\u2018 a jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm ve spamu m\u00edsto legitimn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu \u201aredemption.mastercard.com\u2018. Mimo jin\u00e9, s kontrolou nad jedn\u00edm z DNS server\u016f spravuj\u00edc\u00edch dom\u00e9nu mastercard.com by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat TLS certifik\u00e1t<\/a> v slu\u017eb\u00e1ch umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed dom\u00e9ny p\u0159es Web nebo DNS, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Let\u2019s Encrypt. Mezi mo\u017en\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i \u00fatok\u016f se tak\u00e9 zmi\u0148uje vytvo\u0159en\u00ed podvodn\u00e9ho emailov\u00e9ho serveru pro odposlech korespondence z emailu jm\u00e9no@mastercard.com a organizace odposlechu autentiza\u010dn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f z po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Windows. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edk, kter\u00fd objevil probl\u00e9my, zakoupil dom\u00e9nu \u201eakam.ne\u201c za 300 $ a na n\u00ed spustil DNS-sniffer pro posouzen\u00ed objemu provozu. Anal\u00fdza p\u0159ijat\u00fdch dotaz\u016f uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edpad s MasterCard nen\u00ed jedin\u00fd a existuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny, ve kter\u00fdch je na seznamu DNS server\u016f uveden host \u201eakam.ne\u201c m\u00edsto \u201eakam.net\u201c. Nav\u00edc bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee od roku 2015 do 2018 byla dom\u00e9na \u201eakam.ne\u201c registrov\u00e1na a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b byla pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u00fatok\u016f. Hypot\u00e9za o \u00fatoc\u00edch vznikla, proto\u017ee b\u00fdval\u00fd majitel \u201eakam.ne\u201c tak\u00e9 zaregistroval dom\u00e9nu \u201eawsdns-06.ne\u201c, kter\u00e1 je stylizov\u00e1na jako DNS server \u201eawsdns-06.net\u201c. Nefunk\u010dnost jednoho z DNS server\u016f s p\u0159eklepem v n\u00e1zvu m\u016f\u017ee dlouho z\u016fstat bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed administr\u00e1tor\u016f, proto\u017ee odolnost proti v\u00fdpadk\u016fm je zaji\u0161t\u011bna uveden\u00edm n\u011bkolika DNS server\u016f. <\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost MasterCard zprvu ignorovala zpr\u00e1vu o probl\u00e9mu, ale pot\u00e9, co je kontaktoval novin\u00e1\u0159 Brian Krebs, p\u0159iznala a opravila chybu a prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee chyba nep\u0159edstavovala hrozbu pro infrastrukturu. Pot\u00e9 byly p\u0159es slu\u017ebu Bugcrowd, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje odm\u011bny za nalezen\u00e9 zranitelnosti, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edkovi p\u0159ed\u00e1ny po\u017eadavky MasterCard na odstran\u011bn\u00ed publikovan\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky o incidentu. <\/p>\n

V reakci na to v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk uvedl, \u017ee i kdy\u017e m\u00e1 \u00fa\u010det na slu\u017eb\u011b Bugcrowd, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti o odm\u011bny neposlal a spole\u010dnost MasterCard o probl\u00e9mu informoval p\u0159\u00edmo. Pozn\u00e1mka byla publikov\u00e1na, aby p\u0159it\u00e1hla pozornost k probl\u00e9mu pot\u00e9, co u\u017e spole\u010dnosti MasterCard nic nehrozilo a dom\u00e9na \u201eakam.ne\u201c pat\u0159ila v\u00fdzkumn\u00edkovi. Nakonec spole\u010dnost MasterCard nejenom, \u017ee nekompensovala 300 $ vynalo\u017een\u00fdch na dom\u00e9nu, ale dokonce ani slovy nezaplatila v\u00fdzkumn\u00edkovi pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Pokud jde o tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee chyba nevytv\u00e1\u0159ela dal\u0161\u00ed rizika, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk p\u0159edlo\u017eil statistiku p\u0159ijat\u00fdch DNS po\u017eadavk\u016f, ve kter\u00e9 figuruje dom\u00e9ny *.az.mastercard.com, ukazuj\u00edc\u00ed na pracovn\u00ed komponenty infrastruktury MasterCard um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b Microsoft Azure. Kompromitace takov\u00fdch komponent\u016f se zjevn\u011b p\u0159edstavovalo kritick\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.

\"V<\/center>
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Seralys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 mastercard.com, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0451\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b MasterCard. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b mastercard.com \u0441 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 — \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443 DNS-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 «a22-65.akam.net» (DNS-\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430 Akamai) \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442 «a22-65.akam.ne». \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 «.ne» \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041d\u0438\u0433\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d «akam.ne» \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 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