{"id":122613,"date":"2025-03-20T01:46:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T23:46:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predstavlen-tinykvm-dlya-virtualizaczii-na-urovne-otdelnyh-proczessov"},"modified":"2025-03-20T01:46:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T23:46:02","slug":"predstavlen-tinykvm-dlya-virtualizaczii-na-urovne-otdelnyh-proczessov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-tinykvm-dlya-virtualizaczii-na-urovne-otdelnyh-proczessov","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edstaven TinyKVM pro virtualizaci na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Varnish Software, kter\u00e1 vyv\u00edj\u00ed syst\u00e9my pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed pro doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a ke\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu, p\u0159edstavila otev\u0159en\u00fd projekt TinyKVM, kter\u00fd rozv\u00edj\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro izolaci vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f pomoc\u00ed hypervisoru KVM. C\u00edlem projektu je vytvo\u0159it nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m sandboxov\u00e9 izolace jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hardwarovou virtualizaci. K\u00f3d projektu je naps\u00e1n v jazyc\u00edch C a C++ a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed se pod licenc\u00ed GPLv3 (pro ty, kdo nejsou p\u0159ipraveni splnit po\u017eadavky GPLv3, je k dispozici komer\u010dn\u00ed licence).    <\/p>\n<p>TinyKVM je ur\u010den pro izolovan\u00e9 spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoli konzolov\u00fdch program\u016f pro Linux s v\u00fdkonem bl\u00edzk\u00fdm b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu vykon\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1klady na vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho vol\u00e1n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 mikrosekundy. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed projektu se zmi\u0148uje dal\u0161\u00ed izolace proces\u016f v syst\u00e9mech ke\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f. TinyKVM byl navr\u017een jako n\u00e1hrada emul\u00e1toru libriscv, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro izolaci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho webov\u00e9ho po\u017eadavku na platform\u011b Varnish. D\u00e1le byla vytvo\u0159ena varianta knihovny libvmod, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e1d\u011bt moduly do Varnish za pou\u017eit\u00ed TinyKVM.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u0159edstaven TinyKVM pro virtualizaci na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/f561d37ddc61ac392508c8301906cae5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u0159edstaven TinyKVM pro virtualizaci na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/f55fbfe95625c87659ff985675213362.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/>  <\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed TinyKVM je strojov\u00fd k\u00f3d program\u016f vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n bez emuluj\u00edc\u00edch vrstev na CPU a je omezen pomoc\u00ed API hypervisoru KVM, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vylou\u010dit re\u017eijn\u00ed n\u00e1klady a dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fdkonu bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho vykon\u00e1n\u00ed bez virtualizace. Hlavn\u00ed funkce TinyKVM:     <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Omezen\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed doby vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Program m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1siln\u011b zastaven po uplynut\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9ho limitu, bez vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed zpracovatel\u016f sign\u00e1l\u016f a vl\u00e1ken.\n<li class=\"l\"> Omezen\u00ed spot\u0159eby pam\u011bti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enost odv\u011btven\u00ed (fork) ne inicializovan\u00fdch instanc\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2200\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f<\/a> z jedn\u00e9 inicializovan\u00e9 instance izolovan\u00e9ho programu. Kopie virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v re\u017eimu copy-on-write, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u00faspory pam\u011bti, nebo\u0165 se uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze jedna instance sd\u00edlen\u00fdch dat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Odvozen\u00e9 procesy mohou b\u00fdt vr\u00e1ceny do p\u0159edchoz\u00edho stavu (nap\u0159\u00edklad odvozen\u00fd zpracovatel http-\u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee bez restartu vr\u00e1tit do v\u00fdchoz\u00edho stavu po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti). Instance izolovan\u00e9ho procesu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 resetov\u00e1na do stavu jin\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed ma\u0161iny, ne\u017e ze kter\u00e9 byla odvozen\u00e1, ale n\u00e1klady v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b budou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, nebo\u0165 bude t\u0159eba zm\u011bnit tabulku str\u00e1nek pam\u011bti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enost vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed statick\u00fdch str\u00e1nek pam\u011bti b\u011bhem inicializace, kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro sofistikovan\u00e9 runtime, nap\u0159\u00edklad jako v jazyce Go. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je zm\u011bna povolena pouze pro str\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 jsou v re\u017eimu copy-on-write.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho lad\u011bn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed GDB. Je mo\u017en\u00e1 lad\u011bn\u00ed za b\u011bhu s obnoven\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed.    <\/ul>\n<p> Hostitelsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed TinyKVM tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00fa\u017een\u00e9 j\u00e1dro chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159ed zm\u011bnami, sestaven\u00e9 se zahrnut\u00edm ochrany str\u00e1nek pam\u011bti a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed SMAP (Prevence p\u0159\u00edstupu v supervizorskem re\u017eimu) a SMEP (Prevence vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v supervizorskem re\u017eimu) pro dodate\u010dnou izolaci mezi j\u00e1drem a u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdm prostorem. TinyKVM pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 velk\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pam\u011bti (hugepage) pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu. Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed vyvolan\u00e1 programy jsou zachycov\u00e1na emul\u00e1torem a p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1na do hostitelsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159eklad emulovan\u00e9ho vol\u00e1n\u00ed je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 mikrosekundy). V samotn\u00e9 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4352\">virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji<\/a> se nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ovlada\u010de, vstup\/v\u00fdstup a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.        <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u0159edstaven TinyKVM pro virtualizaci na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch proces\u016f\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/4e61b85f98c4d3dfa4f85f67b6b51b56.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62898\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Varnish Software, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 TinyKVM, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 KVM. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b sandbox-\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 C \u0438 \u0421++, \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3 (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":122614,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Varnish Software, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f 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