{"id":143998,"date":"2025-09-23T05:12:23","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T03:12:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/otkryt-kod-raspredelyonnoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ternfs"},"modified":"2025-09-23T05:12:23","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T03:12:24","slug":"otkryt-kod-raspredelyonnoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ternfs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/otkryt-kod-raspredelyonnoj-fajlovoj-sistemy-ternfs","title":{"rendered":"Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d distribuovan\u00e9 souborov\u00e9 soustavy TernFS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost XTX Markets otev\u0159ela zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu TernFS, navr\u017een\u00e9ho pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed distribuovan\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edho n\u011bkolik geograficky odd\u011blen\u00fdch datov\u00fdch center a schopn\u00e9ho ulo\u017eit a\u017e des\u00edtky exabajt\u016f dat, triliony soubor\u016f a stovky miliard katalog\u016f, s nimi\u017e mohou sou\u010dasn\u011b interagovat miliony klient\u016f. K\u00f3d projektu je naps\u00e1n v jazyc\u00edch C++ a Go a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed GPLv2. Specifikace protokolu a klientsk\u00e9 knihovny jsou dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny pod licenc\u00ed Apache 2.0.    <\/p>\n<p>FS je optimalizov\u00e1na pro zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed typick\u00e1 pro syst\u00e9my strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed \u2014 z\u00e1pis a \u010dten\u00ed soubor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nem\u011bn\u00ed a obsahuj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e n\u011bkolik megabajt\u016f dat. FS nen\u00ed navr\u017eena pro \u010dast\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f a \u010dast\u00e9 p\u0159esouv\u00e1n\u00ed soubor\u016f mezi adres\u00e1\u0159i. Existuj\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro obnoven\u00ed omylem smazan\u00fdch soubor\u016f nebo adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f, stejn\u011b jako pro nastaven\u00ed politiky trval\u00e9ho odstran\u011bn\u00ed. Obsah FS m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt replikov\u00e1n mezi n\u011bkolika datov\u00fdmi centry v r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech. \u00dalo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy pam\u011bt\u00ed (na z\u00e1klad\u011b disk\u016f a flash pam\u011bti).      <\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z po\u017eadavk\u016f p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu bylo vylou\u010den\u00ed jedin\u00e9 slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vysok\u00e9 spolehlivosti ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 havarijn\u00ed v\u00fdpadky nap\u00e1jen\u00ed nesm\u00ed v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed FS a soubory nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt zaps\u00e1ny \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b (k dispozici k p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed jsou pouze pln\u011b zapsan\u00e9 soubory). Syst\u00e9m je odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch pam\u011bt\u00ed, uzl\u016f s metadaty a \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch uzl\u016f. \u00dadr\u017ebu \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bt bez zastaven\u00ed provozu.       <\/p>\n<p>Implementace \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b na b\u00e1zi TernFS ve spole\u010dnosti XTX Markets za\u010dala v l\u00e9t\u011b 2023 po roce a p\u016fl v\u00fdvoje FS. V polovin\u011b roku 2024 byly v\u0161echny syst\u00e9my strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed spole\u010dnosti XTX Markets p\u0159evedeny na TernFS. V sou\u010dasnosti \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 000 disk\u016f a 10 000 flash pam\u011bt\u00ed, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch ve t\u0159ech datov\u00fdch centrech. Celkov\u00fd objem ulo\u017een\u00fdch dat se odhaduje na 500 petabajt\u016f a \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon na n\u011bkolik petabajt\u016f za sekundu. \u00dalo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no v clusteru obsahuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 000 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edch uzl\u016f. B\u011bhem dvoulet\u00e9ho provozu nedo\u0161lo k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm incident\u016fm vedouc\u00edm ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b dat.      <\/p>\n<p>Mezi omezen\u00edmi TernFS pat\u0159\u00ed: zapsan\u00e9 soubory nelze m\u011bnit; n\u00edzk\u00e1 efektivita pr\u00e1ce se soubory men\u0161\u00edmi ne\u017e 2 MB; n\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdkon p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a maz\u00e1n\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f; absence d\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.      <\/p>\n<p>Komponenty tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed cluster \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b TernFS:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzly pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed metadat odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed za spr\u00e1vu informac\u00ed o struktu\u0159e adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f a atributech soubor\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uzel koordinace pr\u00e1ce (CDC \u2014 Cross-Directory Coordinator), realizuj\u00edc\u00ed transakce pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 adres\u00e1\u0159e.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00dalo\u017ei\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu soubor\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Registr, kter\u00fd obsahuje informace o v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch a prov\u00e1d\u00ed monitoring jejich \u010dinnosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Klientsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro p\u0159\u00edstup u\u017eivatel\u016f k FS:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> ternweb \u2014 p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webov\u00e9ho API.\n<li class=\"l\"> terncli \u2014 rozhran\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku.\n<li class=\"l\"> ternfs.ko \u2014 modul pro kernel Linux, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b pro pr\u00e1ci jako s m\u00edstn\u00ed FS.\n<li class=\"l\"> ternfuse \u2014 implementace klienta pro pr\u00e1ci s FS, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed subsyst\u00e9m FUSE.\n<li class=\"l\"> terns3 \u2014 implementace API Amazon S3.    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pozad\u00ed procesy:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> GC \u2014 sb\u011bra\u010d nevy\u017e\u00e1dan\u00fdch dat, uvol\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed pro\u0161l\u00e9 sn\u00edmky (smazan\u00e9, ale neodstran\u011bn\u00e9 soubory) a o\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed bloky pro nevratn\u011b odstran\u011bn\u00e9 soubory.\n<li class=\"l\"> scrubber \u2014 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed degradace dat a jejich obnoven\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\">  migrator \u2014 vylou\u010den\u00ed selhan\u00fdch disk\u016f ze syst\u00e9mu.    <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Otev\u0159en\u00fd k\u00f3d distribuovan\u00e9 souborov\u00e9 soustavy TernFS\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/e9f0d7ab4fdda1c4db9e7f0809b914da.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63927\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f XTX Markets \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b TernFS, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430, \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0421++ \u0438 Go \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv2. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":143999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-143998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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