{"id":145975,"date":"2025-10-21T11:12:11","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T09:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/intel-i-amd-standartiziruyut-mehanizm-chktag-dlya-zashhity-ot-uyazvimostej-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu"},"modified":"2025-10-21T11:12:11","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T09:12:11","slug":"intel-i-amd-standartiziruyut-mehanizm-chktag-dlya-zashhity-ot-uyazvimostej-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/intel-i-amd-standartiziruyut-mehanizm-chktag-dlya-zashhity-ot-uyazvimostej-pri-rabote-s-pamyatyu","title":{"rendered":"Intel a AMD standardizuj\u00ed mechanismus ChkTag pro ochranu p\u0159ed zranitelnostmi p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s pam\u011bt\u00ed","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dnosti Intel a AMD spole\u010dn\u011b rozv\u00edjej\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou sadu instrukc\u00ed ChkTag (x86 Memory Tagging), kter\u00e1 bude standardizov\u00e1na pro jednotnou implementaci v x86 procesorech r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f. Co se t\u00fd\u010de sv\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, ChkTag p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed MTE (MemTag), kter\u00e9 ji\u017e je dod\u00e1v\u00e1no v procesorech ARM, a tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje blokovat zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny p\u0159\u00edstupem k ji\u017e uvoln\u011bn\u00fdm blok\u016fm pam\u011bti, p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed bufferu nebo p\u0159\u00edstupem k pam\u011bti p\u0159ed inicializac\u00ed. <\/p>\n

ChkTag nab\u00edz\u00ed nov\u00e9 procesorov\u00e9 instrukce, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed na hardwarov\u00e9 \u00farovni p\u0159i\u0159adit tagy k oblastem v pam\u011bti a uspo\u0159\u00e1dat ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vnosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ukazatel\u016f. Bylo uvedeno, \u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto instrukc\u00ed kompil\u00e1tory zajist\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed s pam\u011bt\u00ed bez sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti aplikac\u00ed. P\u0159itom aplikace vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed ChkTag z\u016fstanou kompatibiln\u00ed se star\u00fdmi procesory, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed hardwarovou podporu ChkTag, co\u017e usnadn\u00ed implementaci ochrany. <\/p>\n

Realizovan\u00e1 metoda ochrany spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v vytvo\u0159en\u00ed tagu pro ka\u017ed\u00fd blok pam\u011bti, kter\u00fd funguje jako kl\u00ed\u010d pro p\u0159\u00edstup k t\u00e9to pam\u011bti (nap\u0159\u00edklad v implementaci MTE se pro ka\u017ed\u00fdch 16 byt\u016f vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 4-bitov\u00fd tag). Tag je generov\u00e1n aplikac\u00ed pro alokovanou oblast pam\u011bti pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch instrukc\u00ed CPU a pot\u00e9 je ulo\u017een v horn\u00edch nevyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch bitech ukazatele, stejn\u011b jako v rezervovan\u00e9 a pro aplikace nedostupn\u00e9 oblasti line\u00e1rn\u00ed\/virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed pam\u011bti. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstupu k pam\u011bti pomoc\u00ed tagovan\u00e9ho ukazatele procesor kontroluje shodu tagu p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00e9ho k ukazateli s tagy p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00fdmi k blok\u016fm pam\u011bti a povol\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se tagy shoduj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Technologie ChkTag byla vyvinuta spole\u010dnou prac\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed Intel a AMD v r\u00e1mci skupiny EAG (x86 Ecosystem Advisory Group), kter\u00e1 byla vytvo\u0159ena p\u0159ed rokem za \u00fa\u010delem spolupr\u00e1ce na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed interoperability mezi platformami x86, standardizaci rozhran\u00ed produkt\u016f Intel a AMD, zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdvoje softwaru pro syst\u00e9my x86 a identifikaci pot\u0159eb v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed architektury. Krom\u011b spole\u010dnost\u00ed Intel a AMD se \u010dleny skupiny stali tak\u00e9 Linus Torvalds, tv\u016frce j\u00e1dra Linux, Tim Sweeney, zakladatel spole\u010dnosti Epic Games a jeden z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f hern\u00edho enginu Unreal Engine, a z\u00e1stupci spole\u010dnost\u00ed Broadcom, Dell, Google, Hewlett Packard, Lenovo, Meta, Microsoft, Oracle a Red Hat. <\/p>\n

Krom\u011b ChkTag spole\u010dnost Intel a AMD tak\u00e9 standardizovaly a sjednotily implementace modelu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed interrupc\u00ed FRED (Flexible Return and Event Delivery), sady vektorov\u00fdch instrukc\u00ed AVX10 a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pro n\u00e1soben\u00ed matic ACE (Advanced Matrix Extensions).
\n
Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Intel \u0438 AMD \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 ChkTag (x86 Memory Tagging), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 x86-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c ChkTag \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 MTE (MemTag), \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 ARM, \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-145975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Intel a AMD standardizuj\u00ed mechanismus ChkTag pro ochranu proti zranitelnostem p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s pam\u011bt\u00ed | ProHoster","description":"Spole\u010dnosti Intel a AMD 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