{"id":147590,"date":"2025-11-07T11:11:55","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T09:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-4-0"},"modified":"2025-11-07T11:11:55","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T09:11:55","slug":"vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-4-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-4-0","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed firewalu firewalld 2.4.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byla vyd\u00e1na verze dynamicky \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho firewallu firewalld 2.4.0, realizovan\u00e9ho jako wrapper nad paketov\u00fdmi filtry nftables a iptables. Firewalld b\u011b\u017e\u00ed jako proces na pozad\u00ed, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje dynamicky m\u011bnit pravidla paketov\u00e9ho filtru prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm D-Bus, ani\u017e by bylo pot\u0159eba restartovat pravidla paketov\u00e9ho filtru a bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed zaveden\u00fdch p\u0159ipojen\u00ed. Projekt je ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v mnoha distribuc\u00edch Linuxu, v\u010detn\u011b RHEL 7+, Fedora 18+ a SUSE\/openSUSE 15+. K\u00f3d firewalld je naps\u00e1n v Pythonu a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed GPLv2.    <\/p>\n<p>Pro spr\u00e1vu firewallu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1stroj firewall-cmd, kter\u00fd p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pravidel vych\u00e1z\u00ed nikoli z <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP adress\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"884\">IP adress<\/a>, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed a \u010d\u00edslech port\u016f, a podle n\u00e1zv\u016f slu\u017eeb (nap\u0159\u00edklad pro otev\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k SSH je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st \u201efirewall-cmd --add --service=ssh\u201c, pro uzav\u0159en\u00ed SSH \u2013 \u201efirewall-cmd --remove --service=ssh\u201c). Pro zm\u011bnu konfigurace firewallu lze tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt grafick\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed firewall-config (GTK) a applet firewall-applet (Qt). Podpora spr\u00e1vy firewallu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm D-BUS API firewalld je k dispozici v projektech jako NetworkManager, libvirt, podman, docker a fail2ban.    <\/p>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 zm\u011bny:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n soubor pravidel \u201egateway\u201c, kter\u00fd pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 funk\u010dnost typov\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho routeru (zahrnuje NAT, conntrack-handlery a p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mezi z\u00f3nami). P\u0159\u00edklad nastaven\u00ed br\u00e1ny s vnit\u0159n\u00edmi a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdmi rozhran\u00edmi pomoc\u00ed souboru pravidel \u201egateway\u201c:        firewall-cmd --permanent --zone internal --add-interface eth0     firewall-cmd --permanent --zone external --add-interface eth1     firewall-cmd --permanent --policy-set gateway --remove-disable     firewall-cmd --reload\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla implementov\u00e1na vlajka \u201edisable\u201c, kterou lze pou\u017e\u00edt v XML nastaven\u00edch, v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dce nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm DBus k deaktivaci jednotliv\u00fdch pravidel a sad pravidel (policy set).\n<li class=\"l\"> Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka n\u00e1zv\u016f pravidel byla zv\u00fd\u0161ena z 17 na 128 znak\u016f.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na slu\u017eba gitea pro stejnojmennou platformu spolupr\u00e1ce (TCP port 3000).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na slu\u017eba syslog-ng pro stejnojmenn\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro spr\u00e1vu log\u016f (porty 514, 601 a 6514).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na slu\u017eba proxy-http pro HTTP\/HTTPS proxy, typu Squid (TCP port 3128).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na slu\u017eba socks pro proxy-<a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/\"   title=\"servery\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1793\">servery<\/a> s implementac\u00ed protokolu SOCKS (TCP port 1080).    <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64197\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 firewalld 2.4.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 nftables \u0438 iptables. Firewalld \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 D-Bus, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 Linux, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f RHEL 7+, Fedora 18+ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-147590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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