{"id":147713,"date":"2025-11-08T17:11:54","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T15:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-linux-containers-predstavil-atomarno-obnovlyaemyj-distributiv-incusos"},"modified":"2025-11-08T17:11:54","modified_gmt":"2025-11-08T15:11:55","slug":"proekt-linux-containers-predstavil-atomarno-obnovlyaemyj-distributiv-incusos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-linux-containers-predstavil-atomarno-obnovlyaemyj-distributiv-incusos","title":{"rendered":"Projekt Linux Containers p\u0159edstavil atomicky aktualizovateln\u00fd distribuci IncusOS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>St\u00e9phane Graber, vedouc\u00ed projektu Linux Containers, jeden z tv\u016frc\u016f n\u00e1stroje LXC, \u010dlen spr\u00e1vn\u00ed technick\u00e9 rady Ubuntu a \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk t\u00fdm\u016f odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch za vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed verz\u00ed Ubuntu, p\u0159edstavil nov\u00fd Linuxov\u00fd distribu\u010d\u00ed IncusOS. IncusOS poskytuje atomicky aktualizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9mov\u00fd obraz pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed server\u016f, jejich\u017e centralizovan\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je prov\u00e1d\u011bno pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje Incus (fork LXD). Distribuce se vyv\u00edj\u00ed pod z\u00e1\u0161titou projektu Linux Containers, zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9ho za v\u00fdvoj n\u00e1stroj\u016f LXC a Incus. V\u00fdvoj projektu je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Go a je distribuov\u00e1n pod licenc\u00ed Apache 2.0.       <\/p>\n<p>Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 obrazy jsou dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny pro architektury x86_64 a ARM64 a vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z redukovan\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Debian 13 a j\u00e1dra Linux z repozit\u00e1\u0159e Zabbly, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dky s \"vanilkov\u00fdmi\" verzemi j\u00e1dra pro Debian a Ubuntu, dopln\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00e1platami a zm\u011bnami nastaven\u00ed pro optimalizaci spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kontejner\u016f v prost\u0159ed\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9m na n\u00e1stroji Incus. Jako souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m je pou\u017eit ZFS.       <\/p>\n<p>Sestaven\u00ed se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroje mkosi, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159il Lennart Poettering. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed je p\u0159ipojeno v re\u017eimu pouze pro \u010dten\u00ed. Pro instalaci dal\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1stroj systemd-sysext, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje distribuovat aplikace ve form\u011b syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed (System Extension), jejich\u017e obsah je aplikov\u00e1n na hierarchii \/usr\/ pomoc\u00ed OverlayFS. Podporuje se z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed a obnoven\u00ed nastaven\u00ed hlavn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a dat jednotliv\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako resetov\u00e1n\u00ed nastaven\u00ed do v\u00fdchoz\u00edho stavu (Factory reset) pro cel\u00fd OS nebo vybran\u00e9 aplikace.        <\/p>\n<p>Pro aktualizaci syst\u00e9mu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 komponenta systemd-sysupdate, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mechanismus atomick\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny odd\u00edl\u016f \u2014 existuj\u00ed dva nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 odd\u00edly, na jednom\u017e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pracovn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a do druh\u00e9ho se instaluje aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed aktualizace, po jej\u00edm\u017e proveden\u00ed se odd\u00edly vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed. Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed integrity spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed s podporou UEFI Secure Boot a pln\u00e9 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed disku (LUKS) se skladov\u00e1n\u00edm informac\u00ed pro de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f v TPM 2.0 (Trusted Platform Module).      <\/p>\n<p>Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed bylo zredukov\u00e1no na minimum a obsahuje pouze ty komponenty, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Incus. V tomto prost\u0159ed\u00ed chyb\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00fd shell a tradi\u010dn\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro spr\u00e1vu z p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku nebo vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed p\u0159es SSH. V\u0161echny opera\u010dn\u00ed a konfigura\u010dn\u00ed \u00fakony se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm REST API syst\u00e9mu Incus s autentifikac\u00ed pomoc\u00ed klientsk\u00e9ho TLS certifik\u00e1tu nebo p\u0159es OIDC (OpenID Connect). Spr\u00e1va v\u0161ech server\u016f je centralizov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed Operations Center nebo CLI rozhran\u00ed Incus. Pro p\u0159enos kontejner\u016f a virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f z jin\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako je VMware vCenter, je k dispozici n\u00e1stroj Migration Manager.  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Projekt Linux Containers p\u0159edstavil atomicky aktualizovateln\u00fd distribuci IncusOS\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/69aac21b13e1d38385c354cffdfbf18b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bc\u00edho obrazu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 online gener\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ipravit obraz na z\u00e1klad\u011b uveden\u00fdch parametr\u016f a nastavit seed archiv s konfiguracemi, jako jsou <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"TLS certifik\u00e1t\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"947\">TLS certifik\u00e1t<\/a> pro z\u00e1kaznick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, identifik\u00e1tor blokov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro instalaci a nastaven\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b (ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed se s\u00ed\u0165 konfiguruje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm DHCPv4 nebo SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration)). Interaktivn\u00ed re\u017eim instalace nen\u00ed podporov\u00e1n \u2014 v\u0161echny parametry pro instalaci a po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed se ur\u010duj\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm integrovan\u00e9ho konfigura\u010dn\u00edho bloku, kter\u00fd se p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159i prvn\u00edm spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Podporuje se instalace obrazu IncusOS jak na fyzick\u00e9m hardwaru, tak ve virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou \u0159\u00edzeny platformami libvirt, Incus, Proxmox, VirtualBox a VMware.              <\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> automatick\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho ZFS poolu;\n<li class=\"l\"> vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch ZFS pool\u016f na dodate\u010dn\u00fdch disc\u00edch;\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora NVME-over-TCP, iSCSI, Fiber Channel a Multipath;\n<li class=\"l\"> mo\u017enost vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed clusterov\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed LVM nad Fiber Channel, NVME-over-TCP nebo iSCSI;\n<li class=\"l\"> mo\u017enost vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed softwarov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 zalo\u017een\u00fdch na distribuovan\u00e9m FS Ceph.  <\/ul>\n<p>S\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> automatick\u00e1 podpora VLAN p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci v re\u017eimu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho mostu, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje p\u0159ipojen\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f k jak\u00fdmkoli s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm;\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora agregace spoj\u016f;\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol);\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora firemn\u00edch proxy (v\u010detn\u011b autentizace p\u0159es Kerberos);\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora NTP (Network Time Protocol);\n<li class=\"l\"> mo\u017enost ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f na extern\u00ed server prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm syslog;\n<li class=\"l\"> podpora OVS\/OVN pro softwarov\u011b definovan\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b OVS (Open vSwitch) a OVN (Open Virtual Network);\n<li class=\"l\"> integrovan\u00e1 podpora <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"284\">VPN<\/a>-s\u00edt\u011b Tailscale (v pl\u00e1nech podpora Netbird).  <\/ul>\n<p>      <center>  <div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"Is_HgmwayGs\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/Is_HgmwayGs\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64203\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043d \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0435 (St&#233;phane Graber), \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Linux Containers, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f LXC, \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 Ubuntu \u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432 Ubuntu, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 Linux-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 IncusOS. IncusOS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f Incus (\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043a LXD). \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u044d\u0433\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Linux [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":147714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-147713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043d \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0435 (St\u00e9phane Graber), \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Linux Containers, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 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