{"id":150229,"date":"2025-12-01T17:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T15:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-distributiv-nixos-25-11-ispolzuyushhij-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2025-12-01T17:12:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T15:12:00","slug":"dostupen-distributiv-nixos-25-11-ispolzuyushhij-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/dostupen-distributiv-nixos-25-11-ispolzuyushhij-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Distribuce NixOS 25.11 je nyn\u00ed k dispozici, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Nix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byl vyd\u00e1n nov\u00fd release distribuce NixOS 25.11, zalo\u017een\u00e9 na spr\u00e1vci bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f Nix a poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed nastaven\u00ed a \u00fadr\u017eby syst\u00e9mu. V NixOS je cel\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzeno jedn\u00edm konfigura\u010dn\u00edm souborem configuration.nix. Nab\u00edz\u00ed se mo\u017enosti pro rychl\u00fd n\u00e1vrat syst\u00e9mu k p\u0159edchoz\u00ed verzi konfigurace a p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi stavy syst\u00e9mu. Je podporov\u00e1na instalace individu\u00e1ln\u00edch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f jednotliv\u00fdmi u\u017eivateli a mo\u017enost sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkolika verz\u00ed jedn\u00e9 aplikace. Jsou zaji\u0161t\u011bny reprodukovateln\u00e9 sestaven\u00ed. Pro architektury x86_64 a ARM64 jsou p\u0159ipraveny instala\u010dn\u00ed obrazy s grafick\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm (3.6 GB) a zkr\u00e1cenou konzolovou verz\u00ed (1.5 GB).     <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Nix se v\u00fdsledek sestaven\u00ed bal\u00edk\u016f ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 do samostatn\u00e9ho podadres\u00e1\u0159e v \/nix\/store. Nap\u0159\u00edklad po sestaven\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bal\u00edk firefox ulo\u017een do \/nix\/store\/8onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ed5c4-firefox-145.0.1\/, kde \u201e8onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ed5c4\u201c p\u0159edstavuje hash v\u0161ech jeho z\u00e1vislost\u00ed a pokyn\u016f pro sestaven\u00ed. Pod instalac\u00ed bal\u00edku se rozum\u00ed jeho sestaven\u00ed nebo sta\u017een\u00ed ji\u017e sestaven\u00e9ho (za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee byl ji\u017e sestaven na Hyd\u0159e \u2014 slu\u017eb\u011b pro sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed projektu NixOS), jako\u017e i vytvo\u0159en\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159e se symbolick\u00fdmi odkazy na v\u0161echny bal\u00edky v syst\u00e9mu nebo u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m profilu, s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto adres\u00e1\u0159e do seznamu PATH. Podobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup se uplat\u0148uje v bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9m spr\u00e1vci GNU Guix, kter\u00fd vych\u00e1z\u00ed z poznatk\u016f Nix. Kolekce bal\u00edk\u016f je p\u0159edstavena ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edm repozit\u00e1\u0159i Nixpkgs.      <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed novinky:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo p\u0159id\u00e1no 7002 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, odstran\u011bno 6338 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, aktualizov\u00e1no 25252 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. P\u0159id\u00e1no 107 nov\u00fdch modul\u016f a 1778 konfigura\u010dn\u00edch voleb, odstran\u011bno 807 voleb a 41 modul\u016f. V rozvoji a \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f se pod\u00edlelo 2742 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ipravili 59430 zm\u011bn.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mezi nov\u00fdmi moduly jsou: kompozitn\u00ed spr\u00e1vce dwl, firewall FirewallD, tunelov\u00fd reverzn\u00ed proxy Pangolin, blok\u00e1tor reklam Pi-hole, torrent klient qBittorrent, utilita rsync, platforma pro mikroblogging Sharkey, slu\u017eba TuneD, Matrix server tuwunel, VNC server wayvnc a konfigur\u00e1tor kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f yubikey-manager.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na inicializa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m nixos-init, kter\u00fd inicializuje syst\u00e9m b\u011bhem spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a nastavuje prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed systemd. K\u00f3d nixos-init je napsan\u00fd v Rustu a nen\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00fd na bash. Pomoc\u00ed nixos-init lze vytvo\u0159it z\u00fa\u017een\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed NixOS dod\u00e1van\u00e1 bez p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00fdch shell\u016f, perl, python a dal\u0161\u00edch interpreter\u016f.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo navr\u017eeno vyd\u00e1n\u00ed desktopov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed GNOME 49, ve kter\u00e9m byla zastavena dod\u00e1vka sezen\u00ed pro X11 (pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikac\u00ed X11 lze pou\u017e\u00edt XWayland). Pro spr\u00e1vu slu\u017eeb v gnome-session jsou zapojeny komponenty systemd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na beta verze u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed COSMIC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bylo aktualizov\u00e1no n\u00e1stroje LLVM 21 a syst\u00e9m sestaven\u00ed CMake 4. GCC z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na v\u011btvi 14.x.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora pro firewall firewalld, implementovan\u00e1 jako obal nad bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fdm filtrem nftables, kter\u00fd podporuje zm\u011bnu pravidel p\u0159es D-Bus. FirewallD m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt spu\u0161t\u011bn jako samostatn\u00e1 slu\u017eba services.firewalld nebo jako backend, kter\u00fd se aktivuje p\u0159es nastaven\u00ed \u201enetworking.firewall\u201c (do \u201enetworking.firewall\u201c byla p\u0159id\u00e1na volba backend pro zm\u011bnu backendu).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl defaultn\u011b aktivov\u00e1n n\u00e1stroj nixos-rebuild-ng, varianta nixos-rebuild, kter\u00e1 byla cel\u00e1 p\u0159epracov\u00e1na v Pythonu. Pro jeho vypnut\u00ed je navr\u017eeno nastaven\u00ed \u201esystem.rebuild.enableNg\u201c, ale pl\u00e1nuje se jeho odstran\u011bn\u00ed v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed verzi.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n rEFInd, grafick\u00fd spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d pro syst\u00e9my s UEFI (je aktivov\u00e1n p\u0159es nastaven\u00ed boot.loader.refind.enable).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro bootloader Limine byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora UEFI Secure Boot (boot.loader.limine.secureBoot.enable). Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed skriptem pro instalaci bootloaderu, a hash pro kontrolu integrity j\u00e1dra se generuj\u00ed b\u011bhem op\u011btovn\u00e9 sestaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. V praxi nov\u00e1 funkce umo\u017e\u0148uje povolit pouze na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed jader instalovan\u00fdch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm NixOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed je nasazena v\u011btev datab\u00e1ze PostgreSQL 17.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dod\u00e1vka sady plugin\u016f byla zastavena jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"290\">VPN<\/a>-plugin\u016f v modulu s NetworkManagerem. V\u0161echny VPN pluginy mus\u00ed nyn\u00ed b\u00fdt explicitn\u011b aktivov\u00e1ny p\u0159es nastaven\u00ed \u201enetworking.networkmanager.plugins\u201c.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byly odstran\u011bny zastaral\u00e9 verze KDE Gear, KDE Plasma, Maui a Deepin, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaly Qt 5. Doporu\u010duje se p\u0159echod na KDE Plasma 6.x a Gear 25.08.                    <\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64351\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 25.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0412 NixOS \u0432\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 configuration.nix. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 25.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e 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