{"id":181741,"date":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","slug":"entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"Nad\u0161enci analyzovali mikrok\u00f3d i386 a vytvo\u0159ili otev\u0159en\u00fd CPU z386","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/495040ba8dffef375f674e59965a66da.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><noindex>      <noindex><\/p>\n<p>Nad\u0161enci <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reenigne.org\/blog\/80386-microcode-disassembled\">dok\u00e1zali<\/a> \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b bylo extrahov\u00e1no a disassembled mikrok\u00f3d procesoru Intel 80386, kter\u00fd byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za &laquo;\u010dernou sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ku&raquo; kv\u016fli nedostatku dokumentace. Bin\u00e1rn\u00ed obraz mikrok\u00f3du byl zrekonstruov\u00e1n za pomoci AI na z\u00e1klad\u011b fotografi\u00ed \u010dipu ve vysok\u00e9m rozli\u0161en\u00ed, a logika fungov\u00e1n\u00ed byla analyzov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm trasov\u00e1n\u00ed spoj\u016f na \u010dipu. Postupn\u011b byla ur\u010dena struktura mikrok p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f (\u03bc-ops), pole, po\u0159ad\u00ed vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zna\u010dky konce instrukc\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky projektu <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/reenigne\/x86_microcode\/tree\/main\/80386\">byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny<\/a> na GitHubu jako ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><\/p>\n<p>Bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee v CPU 80386 je ka\u017ed\u00e1 instrukce pln\u011b zpracov\u00e1na pomoc\u00ed mikrok\u00f3du, zat\u00edmco u 8086 a modern\u00edch procesor\u016f je \u010d\u00e1st instrukc\u00ed zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edmo. D\u00e1le, na rozd\u00edl od procesor\u016f 8086, v 80386 mikrok\u00f3d neimplementuje algoritmy p\u0159\u00edmo, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konfiguruje hardwarov\u00e9 akceler\u00e1tory (n\u00e1sobi\u010d, d\u011bli\u010d, <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barrel_shifter\">rychl\u00e9 posunut\u00ed<\/a>, PTU (Protection Test Unit)).<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem v\u00fdzkumu byla tak\u00e9 odhalena mo\u017en\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed probl\u00e9m p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed bitmapy pr\u00e1v p\u0159\u00edstupu k vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu (IO permission bitmap): p\u0159i 4-bajtov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu k port\u016fm byly kontrolov\u00e1ny bity p\u0159\u00edstupu pouze pro prvn\u00ed 3 bajty, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup k 4. bajtu nebyl kontrolov\u00e1n, co\u017e teoreticky umo\u017e\u0148ovalo p\u0159\u00edstup k hardwarov\u00fdm registr\u016fm, ke kter\u00fdm m\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edstup zak\u00e1z\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b publikovan\u00e9ho mikrok\u00f3du <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nand2mario.github.io\/posts\/2026\/z386\">byl vyvinut<\/a> otev\u0159en\u00fd CPU <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nand2mario\/z386\">z386<\/a>, realizovan\u00fd v jazyce SystemVerilog a b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na FPGA. Nam\u00edsto realizace ka\u017ed\u00e9 instrukce jako samostatn\u00e9ho <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87\">RTL (wikipedia.org)<\/a> (Register-transfer level) byly v z386 implementov\u00e1ny hardwarov\u00e9 struktury, kter\u00fdmi je \u0159\u00edzen p\u016fvodn\u00ed mikrok\u00f3d. V\u00fdkon p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 realizace odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rychl\u00e9mu 386 PC (~70MHz). Pod \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm z386 se poda\u0159ilo \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b spustit DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A a hry jako Doom a Cannon Fodder.<\/p>\n<p><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/hardware\/18300992\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 Intel 80386, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f &laquo;\u0447\u0451\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c&raquo;. \u0411\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c AI \u043f\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 (\u03bc-ops), \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-181741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042d\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Erik Peterson\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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