{"id":184270,"date":"2026-11-15T11:45:19","date_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-xraid-s-realizacziej-raid-dlya-xfs"},"modified":"2026-11-15T11:45:30","modified_gmt":"2026-11-15T09:45:30","slug":"xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/xraid-introduced-with-raid-implementation-for-xfs","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edstavujeme XRAID s implementac\u00ed RAID pro XFS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Christoph Hellwig, maintainer of the DMA subsystem, KVM, Slab Allocator, and PowerPC architecture in the Linux kernel, introduced the first public release of XRAID, an implementation of declustered RAID with parity control, integrated into the XFS file system. The project aims to add RAID functionality to zoned storage devices such as SMR disks (Shingled Magnetic Recording) and provide a high-performance RAID implementation to maintain data integrity. In addition to zoned devices, XRAID also works on regular hard drives and SSDs, demonstrating a significant performance boost on the latter compared to mdraid (up to 20 times during writes).<\/p>\n

XRAID employs declustered parity control for distributing information across drives, similar to dRAID in OpenZFS, where no separate drives are allocated for hot spares, and data, parity information, and spare space are evenly distributed across all drives. The reading, writing, and recovery processes in case of failures encompass all available drives, which enhances throughput, reduces load on individual disks, prevents noticeable performance drops during failures, and significantly speeds up the array reconstruction process after adding or replacing drives.<\/p>\n

Declustered RAIDs also simplify the creation of fault-tolerant arrays with a very large number of disks. During recovery from failures, XRAID dynamically determines the order of drive reconstruction, prioritizing areas with greater loss of redundant information and reconstructing data zones before areas with parity information.<\/p>\n

XRAID byl p\u016fvodn\u011b vyvinut s ohledem na mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed se z\u00f3nov\u00fdmi \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti, jejich\u017e \u00falo\u017en\u00fd prostor je rozd\u011blen na z\u00f3ny, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed skupiny blok\u016f nebo sektor\u016f. V t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch je povoleno pouze sekven\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat s aktualizac\u00ed cel\u00e9 skupiny blok\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00f3nov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1pisu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v disc\u00edch SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), kde \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka stopy je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka magnetick\u00e9 hlavy a z\u00e1pis se prov\u00e1d\u00ed s \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159ekryt\u00edm sousedn\u00ed stopy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jak\u00e9koliv p\u0159eprogramov\u00e1n\u00ed vede k nutnosti p\u0159eprogramovat celou skupinu stop. <\/p>\n

Pro podporu z\u00f3nov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je v XRAID nasazen v XFS a j\u00e1d\u0159e Linux distributor blok\u016f pro z\u00f3nov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (zoned allocator), kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 RT-podobjekt (RealTime subvolume) k organizaci odd\u011blen\u00e9ho ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat a metadat (ve z\u00f3n\u00e1ch s sekven\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1pisem se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed pouze obsahy soubor\u016f, zat\u00edmco metadata FS jsou um\u00edst\u011bna v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch nebo na dodate\u010dn\u00fdch SSD). <\/p>\n

V XRAID se mechanismy kontroly parity RAID pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pouze pro obsahy soubor\u016f, zat\u00edmco redundance pro metadata se realizuje prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch ovlada\u010d\u016f v j\u00e1d\u0159e Linux, nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed zrcadlen\u00ed za pomoci MD RAID, co\u017e je efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro mal\u00e9 objekty, kter\u00e9 se aktualizuj\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b. Realizace RAID je integrov\u00e1na do XFS a\u017e do zpracovatel\u016f z\u00f3novan\u00e9ho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny podkladov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 ve form\u011b logick\u00fdch z\u00f3n, podobn\u011b jako v\u00edcestup\u0148ov\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ce na XRAID prob\u00edh\u00e1 ji\u017e jeden a p\u016fl roku, a i kdy\u017e implementace zat\u00edm nen\u00ed p\u0159ipravena pro integraci do hlavn\u00edho j\u00e1dra, je ji\u017e vhodn\u00e1 pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161irok\u00fdm publikem. V navrhovan\u00e9 implementaci je podporov\u00e1no od 0 do 2 \u00farovn\u00ed paritn\u00edch dat (k\u00f3d pro podporu 3 a v\u00edce \u00farovn\u00ed je ve v\u00fdvoji). Pro spr\u00e1vu XRAID byla do n\u00e1stroj\u016f xfsprogs p\u0159id\u00e1na nov\u00e1 utilita «xraid» a byla implementov\u00e1na podpora XRAID v mkfs. Krom\u011b toho byly do utility pro inspekci z\u00f3novan\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 Zonar p\u0159id\u00e1ny mo\u017enosti pro vizualizaci mapov\u00e1n\u00ed logick\u00fdch z\u00f3n na fyzick\u00e9 z\u00f3ny.<\/p>\n

Byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdkonov\u00fdch test\u016f XRAID ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s mdraid a btrfs, kter\u00e9 byly provedeny pro XRAID pole v konfiguraci se dv\u011bma SSD disky WD DC-SN650 pro metadata (zrcadlen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b mdraid), \u0161esti b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi SATA disky WD DC-HC590 26 TB a 6-21 zonovan\u00fdmi disky WD DC-HC690 30 TB (SMR).<\/p>\n

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Tak\u00e9 byly provedeny testy XRAID na b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch nezonovan\u00fdch SSD disc\u00edch v konfiguraci s jedn\u00edm 4 TiB Samsung PM9D3a pro metadata a p\u011bti 4 TiB Samsung PM9D3a pro RAID (4 + 1).<\/p>\n

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Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0444 \u0425\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0438\u0433 (Christoph Hellwig), \u043c\u044d\u0439\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b PowerPC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a XRAID, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e RAID \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 XFS. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f RAID \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording), \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":184272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47P\u0159edstavujeme XRAID s implementac\u00ed RAID pro XFS | ProHoster","description":"Christoph Hellwig, udr\u017eovatel subsyst\u00e9m\u016f DMA, KVM, Slab Allocator a architektury PowerPC v j\u00e1dru Linux, p\u0159edstavil prvn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed XRAID, implementace deklasterizovan\u00e9ho RAID s 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