{"id":29807,"date":"2019-10-31T21:32:08","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:32:08","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:08","slug":"peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/peremeshheniya-skvoz-prostranstvo-i-vremya","title":{"rendered":"Pohyb v prostoru a \u010dase","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010clov\u011bka v\u017edy poh\u00e1n\u00ed touha po nezn\u00e1m\u00e9m, m\u00e1 dokonce speci\u00e1ln\u00ed neuromediator \u2013 dopamin, kter\u00fd motivuje k z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed. Mozku neust\u00e1le chyb\u00ed tok nov\u00fdch dat, a i kdy\u017e tato data nejsou pot\u0159eba k p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed \u2013 mechanismus prost\u011b existuje a bylo by h\u0159\u00edchem ho nevyu\u017e\u00edt. <\/p>\n

V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku bych cht\u011bl shrnout v\u011bdeckofantastick\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby pohybu k dalek\u00fdm hv\u011bzd\u00e1m a galaxi\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou v sou\u010dasnosti dostupn\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci v\u011bdeck\u00fdch teori\u00ed a hypot\u00e9z. <\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vesm\u00edru se v\u011bt\u0161ina lidsk\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed jev\u00ed jako zanedbateln\u00e1, ba a\u017e bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e1. Carl Sagan, 1980.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk alespo\u0148 jednou za \u017eivot vzhl\u00e9dl k nebi, v tepl\u00e9m letn\u00edm ve\u010deru a pozoroval hv\u011bzdy. Hloubka vesm\u00edru p\u0159itahuje a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fa\u017eas, n\u011bkoho jen na chv\u00edli, n\u011bkoho na cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Co tam vlastn\u011b je? Je tam \u017eivot? A jak\u00e9 z\u00e1zraky mohou b\u00fdt na t\u011bch nes\u010detn\u00fdch sv\u011btech?
\n<\/h4>\n

\nJedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak se tam dostat a zjistit \u2013 je p\u0159esunout se skrze prostor-\u010das k t\u011bmto dalek\u00fdm hv\u011bzd\u00e1m, planet\u00e1m, mlhovin\u00e1m a dokonce \u2013 GALAKTIK\u00c1M.<\/p>\n

Ale bohu\u017eel \u2013 \u010das nefunguje. Jedin\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kam na\u0161e technologie pohybu zas\u00e1hly \u2013 je kousek za hranice slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, d\u00edky automatick\u00fdm sond\u00e1m projektu \u201cVoyager\u201d, z nich\u017e Voyager-1<\/a><\/noindex> byl vypu\u0161t\u011bn v roce 1977!<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n
\nAbychom mohli v\u00e1\u017en\u011b hovo\u0159it o jin\u00fdch sv\u011btech, pot\u0159ebujeme rychlost alespo\u0148 rovnou rychlosti sv\u011btla, ide\u00e1ln\u011b \u2013 nadsv\u011btelnou.<\/p>\n

Co br\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Tady je to jednoduch\u00e9 \u2013 jsou to prost\u011b fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony, nav\u00edc z\u00e1kladn\u00ed.<\/b><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon kauzality<\/h3>\n

\nPodstatou je, \u017ee d\u016fsledek nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edch\u00e1zet p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011b. Nikdy nikdo nepozoroval, \u017ee by nap\u0159\u00edklad utopen\u00e1 kachna nejd\u0159\u00edv spadla mrtv\u00e1 a teprve potom vyst\u0159elil lovec. P\u0159i rychlostech p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch C se po\u0159ad\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed st\u00e1v\u00e1 obr\u00e1cen\u00fdm, \u010dasov\u00e1 os se vrac\u00ed zp\u011bt. To lze snadno uk\u00e1zat na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 \u00favaze.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee jsme na n\u011bjak\u00e9 lodi ve vesm\u00edru, kter\u00e1 se pohybuje rychleji ne\u017e sv\u011btlo. Pak bychom postupn\u011b doh\u00e1n\u011bli sv\u011btlo vyslan\u00e9 zdrojem ve st\u00e1le d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch momentech \u010dasu. Nejprve bychom dohnali fotony vyza\u0159ovan\u00e9, \u0159ekn\u011bme, v\u010dera, pot\u00e9 \u2013 ty, kter\u00e9 byly vyza\u0159ov\u00e1ny p\u0159edv\u010derej\u0161kem, potom \u2013 p\u0159ed t\u00fddnem, m\u011bs\u00edcem, rokem a tak d\u00e1le. Pokud by zdrojem sv\u011btla bylo zrcadlo odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed \u017eivot, pak bychom nejprve vid\u011bli ud\u00e1losti v\u010derej\u0161\u00edho dne, pot\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u010derej\u0161\u00ed a tak d\u00e1le. Mohli bychom vid\u011bt, \u0159ekn\u011bme, star\u00e9ho mu\u017ee, kter\u00fd se postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed v mu\u017ee st\u0159edn\u00edho v\u011bku, pot\u00e9 v mlad\u00e9ho, v chlapce, v d\u00edt\u011b\u2026 To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u010das by se vr\u00e1til zp\u011bt, my bychom se pohybovali z p\u0159\u00edtomnosti do minulosti. P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledky by se t\u00edmto vym\u011bnily.<\/i><\/p>\n

Omezen\u00ed star\u00e9ho Alberta<\/h3>\n

\n(Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed teorie relativity)<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b probl\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinnosti nastavila p\u0159\u00edroda je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky: pohyb nen\u00ed dosa\u017eiteln\u00fd nejen nadsv\u011btelnou rychlost\u00ed, ale ani rychlost\u00ed sv\u011btla; k t\u00e9 lze pouze p\u0159ibli\u017eovat<\/b>. Z teorie relativity vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159i zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed rychlosti<\/b> pohybu vznikaj\u00ed t\u0159i okolnosti: zvy\u0161uje se hmota<\/b> pohybliv\u00e9ho objektu, zmen\u0161uje se jeho velikost ve sm\u011bru pohybu a zpomaluje se plynut\u00ed \u010dasu<\/b> na tomto objektu (z pohledu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u201eklidn\u00e9ho\u201c pozorovatele). P\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch rychlostech jsou tyto zm\u011bny zanedbateln\u00e9, ale s p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm se k rychlosti sv\u011btla se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le patrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, a v limit\u011b \u2013 p\u0159i rychlosti rovn\u00e9 c \u2013 hmotnost se st\u00e1v\u00e1 nekone\u010dn\u011b velkou<\/b>, objekt zcela ztr\u00e1c\u00ed velikost ve sm\u011bru pohybu a \u010das<\/b> na n\u011bm se zastav\u00ed<\/b>. Proto \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hmotn\u00e9 t\u011blo nem\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout rychlosti sv\u011btla. Takovou rychlost\u00ed disponuje pouze samotn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo! (A tak\u00e9 \u201ev\u0161epronikaj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c \u010d\u00e1stice \u2013 neutrino, kter\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako foton, nem\u016f\u017ee pohybovat rychlost\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e c.<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b, krom\u011b toho, co je v\u00fd\u0161e pops\u00e1no, je mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se k rychlosti sv\u011btla, p\u0159i sr\u00e1\u017ece objektu o hmotnosti 1 kg s zrnkem p\u00edsku se uvoln\u00ed takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159etavit 10 tis\u00edc tun oceli na p\u00e1ru za 1 sekundu. Pokud to srovn\u00e1me s re\u00e1lnou hmotnost\u00ed hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 lodi, s\u00edla v\u00fdbuchu bude rovna nebo p\u0159ekra\u010dovat s\u00edlu jadern\u00fdch proces\u016f prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch na Slunci.<\/i><\/p>\n

Ale chytr\u00fd do kopce nep\u016fjde, chytr\u00fd kopec obejde, koneckonc\u016f z\u00e1kony existuj\u00ed proto, aby je bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 poru\u0161ovat... \u017eertuji, z\u00e1kony poru\u0161it nem\u016f\u017eete, ale v\u011bdeck\u00e1 fikce (a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 oblasti) n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed zp\u016fsoby pohybu, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed obch\u00e1zet z\u00e1sady SRT.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsoby nadsv\u011bteln\u00e9ho pohybu v prostoru-\u010dase<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Einsteinovy-Rosenovy mosty<\/h4>\n

\nEinsteinovy-Rosenovy mosty<\/a><\/noindex>, tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry, jsou snad nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi prost\u0159edky mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho cestov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b existuj\u00ed. Obecn\u00e1 teorie relativity Alberta Einsteina p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bla existenci \u010derv\u00edch d\u011br, i kdy\u017e je zat\u00edm nezjistili.<\/p>\n

Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, most Einstein-Rosen je tunel ve vesm\u00edru zp\u016fsoben\u00fd deformac\u00ed prostoru-\u010dasu. Hmotn\u00e9 objekty, jako jsou hv\u011bzdy nebo \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry, zak\u0159ivuj\u00ed \u010das a prostor, podobn\u011b jako m\u00ed\u010d na bowlingov\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze zak\u0159ivuje trampol\u00ednu. Dostate\u010dn\u011b hmotn\u00fd objekt m\u016f\u017ee prostor-\u010das zak\u0159ivit natolik, \u017ee vytvo\u0159\u00ed spojen\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma bodami, kter\u00e9 jsou norm\u00e1ln\u011b dost vzd\u00e1len\u00e9.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavte si list pap\u00edru a dv\u011b na n\u011bm um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 body. Mus\u00edte se dostat z jednoho bodu do druh\u00e9ho a pokud se budete pohybovat striktn\u011b po povrchu pap\u00edru, tato \"cesta\" zabere n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das. Ale pokud list slo\u017e\u00edte tak, aby se body setkaly, a prop\u00edchnete ho v tom m\u00edst\u011b tu\u017ekou, pak pou\u017eijeme tu\u017eku jako tunel (nebo most) a zna\u010dn\u011b zkr\u00e1t\u00edme vzd\u00e1lenost mezi body.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n
\nVstup do \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edry se \u010dasto p\u0159edstavuje jako vstup do tunelu, co\u017e d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl vzhledem k n\u00e1zvu. To je ale myln\u00e1 p\u0159edstava. Ve filmu \"Interstellar\" je tento moment spr\u00e1vn\u011b zobrazen - z pohledu pozorovatele v trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9m prostoru by \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edra m\u011bla vypadat jako koule.<\/p>\n

\u010cerv\u00ed d\u00edry jsou l\u00e1kavou metodou pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed mezihv\u011bzdn\u00fdch pohyb\u016f, proto\u017ee nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed, abyste p\u0159ekro\u010dili rychlost sv\u011btla. Fyzika n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee nic se nem\u016f\u017ee pohybovat rychleji ne\u017e sv\u011btlo. Ale s \u010derv\u00edmi d\u00edrami lze p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat obrovsk\u00e9 mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, ani\u017e byste poru\u0161ovali tento z\u00e1kon.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

Warp pohon<\/h3>\n

\nWarp, technologie FTL, kter\u00e1 v sou\u010dasnosti m\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 \u0161ance<\/a><\/noindex> b\u00fdt uvedena do \u017eivota. Warp lze s jistotou nazvat nejrealisti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem pohybu nad rychlost sv\u011btla ze v\u0161ech zn\u00e1m\u00fdch. A\u010dkoliv zat\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze v podob\u011b vzorc\u016f na pap\u00ed\u0159e. Hovo\u0159\u00edme o motoru Alcubierre<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n
\nPrincip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed z zp\u016fsobu, jak obej\u00edt Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed teorii relativity, kter\u00e1 postulovala, \u017ee nic v prostoru nem\u016f\u017ee cestovat rychleji ne\u017e sv\u011btlo. \"Cesta\" spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee tento postul\u00e1t se nevztahuje na samotn\u00fd prostor, kter\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee smr\u0161\u0165ovat a roz\u0161i\u0159ovat vlivem r\u016fzn\u00fdch faktor\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad gravita\u010dn\u00edho pole. Warp motor smr\u0161\u0165uje prostor p\u0159ed lod\u00ed a roz\u0161i\u0159uje ho za lod\u00ed, posouvaj\u00edc bublinu obvykl\u00e9ho prostoru spole\u010dn\u011b s lod\u00ed vp\u0159ed.<\/p>\n

Ve vesm\u00edru Star Treku takov\u00e9 motory dosahuj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b skromn\u00fdch rychlost\u00ed podle standard\u016f v\u011bdeck\u00e9 fikce - plavby Enterprise byly omezeny na jeden sektor galaxie bl\u00edzko Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy (~1500 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let), trvaly roky a zanechaly \u0159adu b\u00edl\u00fdch skvrn a neprozkouman\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

hyperspace<\/h2>\n

\nNed\u00e1vno se objevily podrobn\u00e9 experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed data<\/a><\/noindex> z kosmick\u00e9 lodi WMAP o nehomogenit\u00e1ch teploty reliktn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, co\u017e je jeden z hlavn\u00edch objekt\u016f pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i studiu na\u0161\u00ed vesm\u00edru. P\u0159i anal\u00fdze t\u011bchto dat byla nalezena velk\u00e1 anom\u00e1lie \u00fahlov\u00e9ho rozd\u011blen\u00ed fluktuac\u00ed reliktn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na n\u00edzk\u00fdch harmonik\u00e1ch. Jedn\u00edm z vysv\u011btlen\u00ed tohoto jevu je teorie, \u017ee topologie na\u0161\u00ed vesm\u00edru se li\u0161\u00ed od trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9 roviny nebo koule. P\u0159i zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed topologie na\u0161eho vesm\u00edru jako dodekaedru se teoretick\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm dat\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\u201ePlochou topologicky slo\u017eitou trojrozm\u011brnou Vesm\u00edru lze postavit pouze na z\u00e1klad\u011b krychl\u00ed, paraleln\u00edk\u016f a \u0161estibok\u00fdch prism. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zak\u0159iven\u00e9ho prostoru m\u00e1 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda figur tato vlastnosti. Nejl\u00e9pe se p\u0159itom obdr\u017een\u00e9 v experimentu WMAP \u00fahlov\u00e9 spektra shoduj\u00ed s modelem Vesm\u00edru, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 tvar dodekaedru.\u201c Michail Prochorov, doktor fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b-matematick\u00fdch v\u011bd, vedouc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd pracovn\u00edk odd\u011blen\u00ed Relativistick\u00e9 astrofyziky St\u00e1tn\u00ed astronomick\u00e9 instituce jm\u00e9nem \u0160ternberk.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

T\u00edm p\u00e1dem teorie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na praktick\u00fdch datech o reliktn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed mo\u017enost existence hyperprostorov\u00e9ho Vesm\u00edru, ve kter\u00e9m se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na\u0161e omezen\u00e1 vesm\u00edr. Av\u0161ak i kdy\u017e hyperprostor existuje, pohybovat se v tomto prostoru pot\u0159ebujete jak\u00fdsi speci\u00e1ln\u00ed motor.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee m\u00e1te p\u0159ed sebou \u00fadol\u00ed a pot\u0159ebujete se dostat na m\u00edsto za \u00fadol\u00edm. Proto\u017ee se m\u016f\u017eete pohybovat pouze po rovinn\u00e9m povrchu (ve 2D prostoru), mus\u00edte obch\u00e1zet p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku nebo sestoupit do \u00fadol\u00ed, p\u0159ej\u00edt jej a pot\u00e9 se znovu vystoupat. Ale pokud m\u00e1te k dispozici letadlo, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9tat v 3D prostoru, dostanete se tam, kam pot\u0159ebujete, p\u0159\u00edmo.<\/i><\/p>\n

V podstat\u011b m\u00e1 hyperprostor jinou metriku ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00fd 3D prostor a pohyb v n\u011bm p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 pohyb v \u010derv\u00ed d\u00ed\u0159e, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tunely mohou spojovat nejen jeden, ale hned n\u011bkolik bod\u016f do b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho 3D prostoru. Nav\u00edc samotn\u00fd pohyb v hyperprostoru se bude vizu\u00e1ln\u011b li\u0161it od pohybu v \u010derv\u00ed d\u00ed\u0159e (na rozd\u00edl od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ilustrac\u00ed), proto\u017ee trojrozm\u011brn\u00e1 struktura vesm\u00edru bude \u201eobalovat\u201c cestovatele uvnit\u0159 hyperprostoru. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, pak je to opravdu fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pod\u00edvan\u00e1 - viditeln\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy, mlhoviny nebo cel\u00e9 galaxie klastrova \u2013 pomalu se rozpl\u00fdvaj\u00ed a protahuj\u00ed, m\u011bn\u00edc barvy b\u011bhem posunu do kosmologick\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 z\u00f3ny (?).<\/p>\n

Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru byla my\u0161lenka hyperprostorov\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b zpracov\u00e1na ve filmu \u201eKontakt\u201c z roku 1997 (na motivy rom\u00e1nu Carla Sagana, film z\u00edskal cenu Hugo a 2. m\u00edsto v seznamu nejv\u011brohodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeckofantastick\u00fdch film\u016f podle NASA). V n\u011bm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jeho\u017e pl\u00e1ny byly z\u00edsk\u00e1ny sign\u00e1lem od mimozemsk\u00e9 civilizace, zachycen\u00fdm hrdinkou filmu, vytv\u00e1\u0159elo manipulace s exotickou energi\u00ed a \u201epropou\u0161t\u011blo\u201c kabinu s \u010dlov\u011bkem skrz vnit\u0159n\u00ed prostor sf\u00e9ry. Z\u0159ejm\u011b kabina propadla do hyperprostoru, do ji\u017e vytvo\u0159en\u00e9ho \u201etunelu\u201c. Jak se uk\u00e1zalo, t\u011bchto tunel\u016f je po cel\u00e9 galaxii ohromn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed a v\u0161echny byly vytvo\u0159eny star\u0161\u00ed civilizac\u00ed. No, to jsou slova z\u00e1stupce rasy, jej\u00ed\u017e sign\u00e1l zachytila hrdinka filmu. Takov\u00e9 v\u011bci, p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9. Osobn\u011b m\u00e1m tento film v topu. Ale jak ukazuje praxe \u2014 ne ka\u017ed\u00e9mu se l\u00edb\u00ed.<\/i><\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

Nehmotn\u00e9 teleportace<\/h3>\n

\nV\u00edme, \u017ee nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed teleportace je okam\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159esunut\u00ed hmotn\u00e9ho objektu v prostoru na libovolnou vzd\u00e1lenost.
\nV tomto kontextu lze pou\u017e\u00edt i \u010derv\u00ed d\u00edru, ale o t\u00e9 jsme ji\u017e mluvili, tak\u017ee se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na z\u00e1sadn\u011b jinou cestu.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 n\u00e1s teleportace informace o l\u00e1tce, a\u017e po kvantov\u00fd sn\u00edmek jej\u00edho stavu.<\/p>\n

Proces je zhruba n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: Va\u0161e t\u011blo je um\u00edst\u011bno do za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b A, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1s skenuje a\u017e na \u00farovni subatom\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic a jejich kvantov\u00e9ho stavu, a pot\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed kopii. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se kvantov\u00fd stav p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jako jedin\u00fd tok p\u0159es standardn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed kan\u00e1ly. Ale tady nast\u00e1v\u00e1 probl\u00e9m \u2013 jde o z\u00e1kaz nadsv\u011bteln\u00e9ho p\u0159enosu dat podle SRT, na druhou stranu, pokud v\u011bda prok\u00e1\u017ee existenci hypotetick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic s negativn\u00ed nebo imagin\u00e1rn\u00ed klidovou hmotnost\u00ed, jako jsou tachyony, bude mo\u017en\u00e9 informace o objektu p\u0159ed\u00e1vat nadsv\u011btelnou rychlost\u00ed. A mo\u017en\u00e1 i pomoc\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00edch vln (?). Pot\u00e9 je na m\u00edst\u011b B \u010dlov\u011bk znovu vytvo\u0159en na kvantov\u00e9 \u00farovni a voil\u00e0 \u2014 ji\u017e je na m\u00edst\u011b ur\u010den\u00ed. \u00davahy o \u201edu\u0161i\u201c, zni\u010den\u00e9 v za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed A, vynech\u00e1v\u00e1m, proto\u017ee jsem ateista a to do toho nezahrnuji (omlouv\u00e1m se).<\/p>\n

Tato metoda je dobr\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee pro kvantovou teleportaci hmotn\u00e9ho objektu nen\u00ed t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edvat zak\u0159iven\u00ed prostoru-\u010dasu a vynakl\u00e1dat obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie. Probl\u00e9m v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed doprav\u011b samotn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bude reprodukovat objekt na m\u00edst\u011b B. Ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dod\u00e1no i del\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00e9 neomezuj\u00ed pouze na jednu nebo n\u011bkolik lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

Nulov\u00e1n\u00ed hmotnosti<\/h2>\n

\nV\u0161echny vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 lod\u011b v univerzu Mass Effect n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Nulov\u00fd prvek, kter\u00fd generuje ozna\u010den\u00fd efekt hmotnosti, bu\u010f sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm hmotnosti objekt\u016f kolem n\u011bj, nebo ji zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se da\u0159\u00ed manipulovat s Teori\u00ed relativity a p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat rychlost sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 cestov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi planetami a bl\u00edzk\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdami se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed FTL motor\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou schopny pouze sn\u00ed\u017eit hmotnost lodi. Pro mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e9 lety na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed Hmotov\u00e9 rel\u00e9 \u2014 obrovsk\u00e9 stanice postaven\u00e9 kolem hust\u00fdch jader slo\u017een\u00fdch z nulov\u00e9ho prvku. Rel\u00e9 jsou obvykle spojena s jedn\u00edm nebo n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edmi rel\u00e9 a mohou vytv\u00e1\u0159et koridor, ve kter\u00e9m hmotnost v podstat\u011b zmiz\u00ed, co\u017e prakticky okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed lo\u010f na tis\u00edce sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n<\/p>\n

Uzav\u0159en\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 k\u0159ivky<\/h3>\n

\nPosledn\u00ed forma nadsv\u011bteln\u00e9ho pohybu, kterou prozkoum\u00e1me, se na prvn\u00ed pohled zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nejm\u00e9n\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e1. <\/p>\n

Po dobu 55 let seri\u00e1l \u201eDoctor Who\u201c vypr\u00e1v\u011bl o dobrodru\u017estv\u00edch v \u010dase a prostoru Doktora a jeho\/jej\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f. Jak\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky se pohybovali? Velk\u00e1 modr\u00e1 telefonn\u00ed budka, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako TARDIS (angl. TARDIS \u2014 Time and Relative Dimension in Space), kter\u00e1 je m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159en\u00e9st kamkoli a kdykoli si jen p\u0159ej\u00ed.<\/p>\n

TARDISy, postaven\u00e9 (nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e vyp\u011bstovan\u00e9) starobylou rasou \u201eP\u00e1n\u016f \u010dasu\u201c, jsou kouzeln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e technologie \u201eMass Effect\u201c. Jak s\u00e1m Doctor vysv\u011btloval, jeho dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edek je \u201echab\u00e1 \u010dasov\u00e1 barabizna\u201c. P\u0159i pohybu v TARDISu se zd\u00e1, \u017ee je zde n\u011bjak\u00e9 zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed \u2014 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je bl\u00ed\u017ee hypermotoru ne\u017e teleportu. Ale v podstat\u011b TARDIS zde zmiz\u00ed, prolet\u00ed \u201e\u010dasov\u00fdm v\u00edrem\u201c a objev\u00ed se tam. To je v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt.<\/p>\n

\"Pohyb
\n
\nNebo ne? Ukazuje se, \u017ee TARDIS m\u00e1 dokonce v\u00edce teoretick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu ne\u017e hyperspace.<\/p>\n

V roce 2013 fyzici Benjamin K. Tippett a David Tsang publikovali dokument, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed teoretick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 ma\u0161iny, tedy zp\u016fsob, jak cestovat do sv\u00e9 minulosti. \u010cl\u00e1nek se jmenoval \u201eTraversable Achronal Retrograde Domains In Spacetime\u201c<\/i> (pod\u00edvejte se na zkratku).<\/p>\n

Tippett a Tsang popisuj\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9ho cestovatele, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v bublin\u011b prostorov\u00e9ho-\u010dasu, je\u017e vch\u00e1z\u00ed do uzav\u0159en\u00e9 \u010dasopodobn\u00e9 k\u0159ivky<\/a><\/noindex> (v podstat\u011b stejn\u011b jako most Einstein-Rosen). V r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to k\u0159ivky m\u016f\u017ee cestovatel jet kamkoli na sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 ose, zat\u00edmco uvnit\u0159 bubliny \u010das plyne zd\u00e1nliv\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/p>\n

Dva fyzici dokonce navrhli, \u017ee \u010dasopodobn\u00e9 k\u0159ivky mohou b\u00fdt rozd\u011bleny a spojeny, co\u017e otev\u00edr\u00e1 mo\u017enost cestovat nejen po vlastn\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 ose, ale i kdykoli a kdekoli v \u010dase a prostoru.<\/p>\n

No, to je asi v\u0161echno, co jsem v\u00e1m mohl nab\u00eddnout.<\/p>\n

Jist\u011b jsem n\u011bco opomenul nebo dokonce vybo\u010dil do oblasti fantasy. Tak\u017ee \u010dek\u00e1m na va\u0161e verze v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Pohyb skrze prostor a \u010das | ProHoster","description":"\u010clov\u011bka v\u017edy poh\u00e1n\u00ed touha po nezn\u00e1m\u00e9m, m\u00e1 dokonce speci\u00e1ln\u00ed neurotransmiter \u2013 dopamin, kter\u00fd je chemick\u00fdm motiv\u00e1torem k z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed 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