{"id":30582,"date":"2019-10-31T21:36:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/stazhirovka-v-it-vzglyad-rukovoditelya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:36:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:21","slug":"stazhirovka-v-it-vzglyad-rukovoditelya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/stazhirovka-v-it-vzglyad-rukovoditelya","title":{"rendered":"St\u00e1\u017e v IT: pohled vedouc\u00edho","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"St\u00e1\u017e
\n
\nN\u00e1bor na letn\u00ed st\u00e1\u017e<\/a><\/noindex> v Yandexu pokra\u010duje. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 v p\u011bti sm\u011brech: backend, ML, mobiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, frontend a analytika. V tomto blogu, v dal\u0161\u00edch bloz\u00edch na Habr a mimo n\u011bj lze naj\u00edt spoustu informac\u00ed o tom, jak st\u00e1\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1. Ale mnoho toho z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1hadou pro ty, kdo ve firm\u011b nepracuj\u00ed. A pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1te na to z pohledu vedouc\u00edch v\u00fdvoje, vznik\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce ot\u00e1zek. Jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b v\u00e9st st\u00e1\u017e, jak maximalizovat vz\u00e1jemnou u\u017eite\u010dnost se st\u00e1\u017eistou, jak stihnout poznat ho za t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce a nau\u010dit ho v\u0161e, co je pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce?<\/p>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek jsme p\u0159ipravili v p\u011bti. P\u0159edstav\u00edme se: Ihnat Kolesni\u010denkov ze slu\u017eby technologi\u00ed distribuovan\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, Mi\u0161a Levin ze slu\u017eby strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed Marketa, Denis Mal\u00fdch ze slu\u017eby v\u00fdvoje aplikac\u00ed, Sergej Bere\u017enoj z odd\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fdvoje vyhled\u00e1vac\u00edch rozhran\u00ed a Dima \u010cerkasov ze skupiny v\u00fdvoje antifraud. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s zastupuje sv\u016fj sm\u011br st\u00e1\u017ee. Jsme v\u0161ichni vedouc\u00ed, pot\u0159ebujeme st\u00e1\u017eisty a m\u00e1me ur\u010dit\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s nimi. Poj\u010fme se pod\u011blit o n\u011bco z t\u00e9to zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pohovor p\u0159ed st\u00e1\u017eou<\/h3>\n

\nKandid\u00e1ti \u010dekaj\u00ed n\u011bkolik technick\u00fdch pohovor\u016f. \u00dasp\u011bch na pohovoru z\u00e1vis\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b na soft skills (schopnosti efektivn\u011b komunikovat) a v\u00edce na hard skills (dovednostech v matematice a programov\u00e1n\u00ed). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b vedouc\u00ed hodnot\u00ed oboj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

I kdy\u017e je \u010dlov\u011bk skv\u011bl\u00fd, ale naprosto nekontaktibiln\u00ed \u2014 nebude moci v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 dovednosti vyu\u017e\u00edt. Na to se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b d\u00edv\u00e1me, ale to nen\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d by n\u011bkoho nem\u011bli vz\u00edt na st\u00e1\u017e. B\u011bhem t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee v\u0161e zm\u011bnit, a nav\u00edc prvn\u00ed dojem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt myln\u00fd. A pokud je v\u0161e spr\u00e1vn\u011b \u2014 bude t\u0159eba \u010dlov\u011bku vysv\u011btlit a naj\u00edt mu jin\u00e9 t\u00fdmy. Pro st\u00e1\u017eisty nen\u00ed komunikativnost rozhodn\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem. Profese dovednosti jsou p\u0159ece daleko d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Denis:<\/i><\/h5>\n

M\u00e1m r\u00e1d lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u2013 v tom dobr\u00e9m smyslu. \u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee popsat, jak hrdinsky spolu se sv\u00fdm t\u00fdmem zvl\u00e1dli n\u011bjakou nep\u0159\u00edjemnost, je zaj\u00edmav\u00fd. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m kl\u00e1st dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kdy\u017e takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vyvstane. Ale to se z\u0159\u00eddka st\u00e1v\u00e1, pokud jen po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te, aby \"vypr\u00e1v\u011bl n\u011bco zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho o sv\u00fdch projektech.\" <\/p>\n

Jeden uchaze\u010d jednou pronesl skv\u011blou v\u011btu, kterou jsem si dokonce zapsal: \"\u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b se vyh\u00fdbal \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nudn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f.\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e
\n
\nProto\u017ee je m\u00e1lo \u010dasu na komunikaci, sna\u017e\u00ed se tazatel ka\u017edou minutu setk\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskat u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 informace o uchaze\u010di. Je skv\u011bl\u00e9, pokud si st\u00e1\u017eista p\u0159edem promyslel, jak\u00e9 detaily ze sv\u00e9ho zku\u0161enostn\u00edho pozad\u00ed (ne z \u017eivotopisu) by mohl sd\u00edlet. M\u011blo by to b\u00fdt kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b k v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

Denis:<\/i><\/h5>\n

V\u0161\u00edm\u00e1m si, kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee vyzkou\u0161el mnoho jazyk\u016f a p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f. Lid\u00e9 s \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm obzorem vym\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed elegantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed za chodu. Ale to je nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 plus. M\u016f\u017eete se nau\u010dit jen povrchn\u011b, ale nic se po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nenau\u010dit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nNa p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy, kter\u00e9 popisuje Denis, obvykle zb\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010das jen na z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m pohovoru. Do t\u00e9 doby je nutn\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat ty z\u00e1kladn\u00ed a praktick\u00e9 znalosti, kter\u00e9 budou z\u00e1kladem budouc\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b bude pot\u0159eba ps\u00e1t k\u00f3d na tabuli nebo na kus pap\u00edru. <\/p>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Kontrolujeme znalosti teorie pravd\u011bpodobnosti a matematick\u00e9 statistiky. Sledujeme, zda m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk zku\u0161enosti s metrikami, s algoritmy strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed, s nastavov\u00e1n\u00edm jejich parametr\u016f, s p\u0159eu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm atd. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk bude schopen ps\u00e1t k\u00f3d v dostate\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e, aby mohl b\u00fdt analytikem.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Denis:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na pohovor, obvykle znaj\u00ed programovac\u00ed jazyky: m\u00e1me v Jekat\u011brinburgu dobrou \u0161kolu hlavn\u00edch jazyk\u016f a dobr\u00e9 instituce. Ale abych byl up\u0159\u00edmn\u00fd, kandid\u00e1t na st\u00e1\u017e s kvalitn\u00edmi hard skills je vz\u00e1cn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad, alespo\u0148 v na\u0161em okrese. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Swift. V n\u011bm je velmi slo\u017eit\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce se \u0159et\u011bzci a lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed s nimi mohou pracovat z hlavy, je m\u00e1lo. Takov\u00ed lid\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b upoutaj\u00ed pozornost. Na pohovorech \u010dasto d\u00e1v\u00e1m \u00fakol, kter\u00fd souvis\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b s manipulac\u00ed s \u0159et\u011bzci. A za celou dobu byl pouze jeden \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1zal napsat takov\u00fd Swift k\u00f3d na pap\u00edr. Po tom jsem chodil a v\u0161em \u0159\u00edkal, \u017ee n\u011bkdo kone\u010dn\u011b dok\u00e1zal tuto \u00falohu na Swift vy\u0159e\u0161it na pap\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Kontrola algoritm\u016f na pohovoru<\/h3>\n

\nTo je samostatn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, proto\u017ee kandid\u00e1ti i nad\u00e1le maj\u00ed ot\u00e1zku \u2014 pro\u010d v\u017edy hodnot\u00edme znalosti algoritm\u016f a datov\u00fdch struktur? Dokonce i budouc\u00ed mobiln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a frontendist\u00e9 proch\u00e1zej\u00ed takovou prov\u011brkou. <\/p>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Na pohovoru rozhodn\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1me n\u011bjakou algoritmickou \u00falohu. Kandid\u00e1t mus\u00ed vymyslet, jak to realizovat v Pythonu, ide\u00e1ln\u011b bez chyb. Je t\u0159eba pochopit, jak program testovat a opravit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e
\n
\nZku\u0161enosti s algoritmy se budou hodit hned z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Za prv\u00e9, budou zjevn\u011b vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny v algoritmick\u00fdch \u00faloh\u00e1ch \u2014 ty sice nejsou \u010dast\u00e9, ale st\u00e1le se vyskytuj\u00ed. Za druh\u00e9, v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 bude schopen efektivn\u011bji \u0159e\u0161it \u00fakoly vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k algoritm\u016fm, i kdy\u017e nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed pono\u0159it se do samotn\u00fdch algoritm\u016f (takov\u00fdch je u\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b dost). Za t\u0159et\u00ed, pokud v\u00e1m algoritmy nebyly vyu\u010dov\u00e1ny na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole, a p\u0159esto zvl\u00e1d\u00e1te s nimi pracovat, ukazuje to, \u017ee jste zv\u011bdav\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk a zvy\u0161uje to v\u00e1\u0161 status v o\u010d\u00edch tazatele.<\/p>\n

Denis:<\/i><\/h5>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina mobiln\u00edho v\u00fdvoje je o \"p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed JSON\". Ale jednou za p\u016fl roku nastanou p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy algoritmy jsou pot\u0159eba. Te\u010f aktu\u00e1ln\u011b navrhuji kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 mapy pro Yandex.Po\u010das\u00ed. A za t\u00fdden jsem musel realizovat algoritmus pro vyhlazen\u00ed, algoritmus Sutherland-Hodgman a algoritmus Martinez. Kdyby \u010dlov\u011bk nev\u011bd\u011bl, co je hash mapa nebo fronta s prioritou, tr\u00e1vil by s t\u00edm dlouho a nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jestli by to zvl\u00e1dl bez vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pomoci.<\/p>\n

Algoritmy jsou z\u00e1kladem v\u00fdvoje. To je to, co pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i b\u00fdt v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em. Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, \u010demu se v\u011bnujete. Jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 i v jednoduch\u00fdch projektech, kde hlavn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v \u201ep\u0159esouv\u00e1n\u00ed JSON\u201c. I kdy\u017e algoritmy sami nep\u00ed\u0161ete, ale implicitn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te n\u011bjak\u00e9 datov\u00e9 struktury, je lep\u0161\u00ed je ch\u00e1pat. Jinak budete m\u00edt aplikace, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed pomalu nebo nespr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed program\u00e1to\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li do v\u00fdvoje akademicky: zapsali se na univerzitu, poctiv\u011b studovali p\u011bt let a z\u00edskali specializaci. Zn\u00e1 algoritmy, proto\u017ee je nau\u010dili. A tehdy samo znalost algoritm\u016f nijak necharakterizuje obzory \u010dlov\u011bka, tyto obzory je t\u0159eba ov\u011b\u0159it jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n

A jsou tu samouci, ke kter\u00fdm se tak\u00e9 \u0159ad\u00edm. Ano, form\u00e1ln\u011b m\u00e1m IT vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, diplom in\u017een\u00fdra-program\u00e1tora. Ale samouci se nau\u010dili programovat \u201enavzdory\u201c. Nem\u011bli univerzitn\u00ed program. Obvykle nejsou s algoritmy obezn\u00e1meni, proto\u017ee se nikdy nesetkali s nutnost\u00ed je studovat. A kdy\u017e takov\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk rozum\u00ed algoritm\u016fm, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee str\u00e1vil \u010das a prozkoumal je. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed univerzity jsem si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee m\u00e1m b\u00edl\u00e9 skvrny v oblasti z\u00e1kladn\u00edch algoritm\u016f - probl\u00e9m byl v tom, \u017ee specializace byla aplikovan\u00e1. \u0160el jsem a studoval online kurzy Princeton University, dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho Roberta Sedgewicka. Porozum\u011bl jsem tomu, ud\u011blal v\u0161echny dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly. A kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo na pohovoru vypr\u00e1v\u00ed podobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, okam\u017eit\u011b m\u011b to zaujme, objev\u00ed se chu\u0165 s n\u00edm pracovat nebo alespo\u0148 pokra\u010dovat v rozhovoru.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e<\/p>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Kdy\u017e pohovoru s praktikantem, v ur\u010dit\u00e9m smyslu o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te dokonce v\u00edce, ne\u017e od zku\u0161en\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e. Jde o schopnost \u0159e\u0161it algoritmick\u00e9 \u00falohy, rychle napsat jak\u00fdkoli spr\u00e1vn\u00fd k\u00f3d. Kandid\u00e1t na st\u00e1\u017e - p\u0159ece je\u0161t\u011b je na univerzit\u011b. Doslova p\u0159ed rokem mu v\u0161echno o algoritmech vysv\u011btlovali podrobn\u011b. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee je schopen je reprodukovat. Pokud je \u010dlov\u011bk norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a pozorn\u011b poslouchal p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, prost\u011b v\u0161echno v\u00ed, vytahuje to z pam\u011bti.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 \u00falohy \u0159e\u0161\u00ed praktikant<\/h3>\n

\nProgram st\u00e1\u017ee obvykle m\u016f\u017eete napl\u00e1novat a prodiskutovat b\u011bhem z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdch pohovor\u016f. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku pr\u00e1ce m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1\u017eista dostat tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 \u00fakoly, jejich\u017e v\u00fdsledky nebudou pou\u017eity v produkci. Nav\u00edc je pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee dostane takov\u00e9 \u00fakoly, n\u00edzk\u00e1. \u010cast\u011bji se d\u00e1vaj\u00ed bojov\u00e9 projekty z backlogu, tedy ty, kter\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za stoj\u00edc\u00ed za pozornost, ale nejsou prioritn\u00ed a daj\u00ed se \u00abodd\u011blit\u00bb \u2013 aby jejich realizace nez\u00e1visela na ostatn\u00edch komponentech. Vedouc\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed je distribuovat tak, aby si st\u00e1\u017eista vyzkou\u0161el r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti slu\u017eby a pracoval ve stejn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi \u010dleny t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Tyto \u00fakoly jsou nesm\u00edrn\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9. Mo\u017en\u00e1 nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed klastru o 10 %, neu\u0161et\u0159\u00ed spole\u010dnosti milion dolar\u016f, ale ud\u011blaj\u00ed \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdmi stovky lid\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad nyn\u00ed m\u00e1me st\u00e1\u017eistu, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 na\u0161\u00edm klientem pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed na na\u0161ich klastrech. P\u0159ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm mus\u00ed operace na\u010d\u00edst ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00fadaje do klastru. Obvykle to trv\u00e1 20\u201340 sekund a d\u0159\u00edve to prob\u00edhalo ti\u0161e: spustil jsi to v konzoli a sed\u011bl, koukal na \u010dernou obrazovku. St\u00e1\u017eista p\u0159i\u0161el a b\u011bhem dvou t\u00fddn\u016f vytvo\u0159il funkci: nyn\u00ed je vid\u011bt, jak se soubory nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed a co se d\u011bje. \u00dakol, z jedn\u00e9 strany, nen\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fd na popis, ale z druh\u00e9 \u2013 je co prozkoumat, jak\u00e9 knihovny se pod\u00edvat. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed na tom je, \u017ee jsi to ud\u011blal, uplynul t\u00fdden, a to u\u017e je na klastrech, lid\u00e9 to pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. Nap\u00ed\u0161e\u0161 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek do intern\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b \u2013 a ti d\u011bkuj\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e<\/p>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

St\u00e1\u017eist\u00e9 p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed modely, shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed pro n\u011b data, vym\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed metriky a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed experimenty. Postupn\u011b mu jednodu\u0161e za\u010dneme d\u00e1vat v\u00edce svobody a odpov\u011bdnosti \u2013 kontrolujeme, zda si porad\u00ed. Pokud ano \u2013 postupuje na dal\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148. Nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee kdy\u017e st\u00e1\u017eista p\u0159ijde, um\u00ed to v\u0161e. Vedouc\u00ed mu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 se zorientovat, d\u00e1v\u00e1 mu odkaz na intern\u00ed zdroje nebo online kurz.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nPokud se st\u00e1\u017eista uk\u00e1\u017ee v dobr\u00e9m sv\u011btle \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee dostat n\u011bco prioritn\u00edho, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho pro odd\u011blen\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n

Dima:<\/i><\/h5>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 st\u00e1\u017eista nyn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed hardcore \u00fapravy antispamu. Je to syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd bojuje s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi formami zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a podvod\u016f na slu\u017eb\u00e1ch Yandexu. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jsme uva\u017eovali, \u017ee mu d\u00e1me \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slo\u017eit\u00e9 a ne tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro produkci. P\u0159edem se sna\u017e\u00edme promyslet \u00fakoly pro st\u00e1\u017eistu, ale zde jsme vid\u011bli, \u017ee osoba \"ho\u0159\u00ed\", rychle a dob\u0159e \u0159e\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly. Nakonec jsme mu za\u010dali zad\u00e1vat spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed antispamu pro nov\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nKrom\u011b toho existuje mal\u00e1 \u0161ance, \u017ee dostane \u00fakol, kter\u00fd se kolegov\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve nepokou\u0161eli splnit kv\u016fli jeho objemu.<\/p>\n

Dima:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Existuje jeden star\u00fd syst\u00e9m a je zde nov\u00fd, kter\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed hotov\u00fd. Je pot\u0159eba prov\u00e9st p\u0159echod z jednoho na druh\u00fd. Z pohledu do budoucna je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd projekt, i kdy\u017e s vysokou m\u00edrou nejistoty: je pot\u0159eba hodn\u011b komunikovat, \u010d\u00edst nejasn\u00fd legacy k\u00f3d. P\u0159i fin\u00e1ln\u00edm pohovoru jsme st\u00e1\u017eistovi up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159ekli, \u017ee \u00fakol je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee je p\u0159ipraven, p\u0159i\u0161el k n\u00e1m do t\u00fdmu a v\u0161echno se mu poda\u0159ilo. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee m\u00e1 vlastnosti nejen v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, ale tak\u00e9 mana\u017eera. Byl ochoten s\u00e1m chodit, pt\u00e1t se, pingovat.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Mentorstv\u00ed nad st\u00e1\u017eistou<\/h3>\n

\nSt\u00e1\u017eistovi je pro pochopen\u00ed proces\u016f pot\u0159eba mentor. Je to osoba, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159ehled nejen o sv\u00fdch \u00fakolech, ale i o \u00fakolech st\u00e1\u017eisty. S mentorem je zaji\u0161t\u011bna pravideln\u00e1 komunikace, na kterou se v\u017edy m\u016f\u017ee obr\u00e1tit, kdy\u017e pot\u0159ebuje radu. Mentorem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bu\u010f vedouc\u00ed skupiny (pokud se jedn\u00e1 o malou skupinu), nebo n\u011bkdo z koleg\u016f, st\u00e1l\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Sna\u017e\u00edm se alespo\u0148 ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd den p\u0159istoupit a zeptat se, jak se st\u00e1\u017eistovi da\u0159\u00ed. Pokud vid\u00edm, \u017ee se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u011b\u010d\u00edm slo\u017eit\u00fdm, sna\u017e\u00edm se mu pomoci, zeptat se, v \u010dem je probl\u00e9m, a spole\u010dn\u011b ho rozlu\u0161tit. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee to od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00e9 s\u00edly a \u010din\u00ed pr\u00e1ci st\u00e1\u017eisty m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed celkov\u011b \u2014 i j\u00e1 tr\u00e1v\u00edm sv\u00e9 \u010das. Ale umo\u017e\u0148uje mu to, aby se v ni\u010dem nezaseknul a dos\u00e1hl v\u00fdsledku. A st\u00e1le je to rychlej\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e kdybych to d\u011blal s\u00e1m. S\u00e1m bych pot\u0159eboval na \u00fakol p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 hodin. St\u00e1\u017eista to ud\u011bl\u00e1 za 5 dn\u00ed. A ano, b\u011bhem t\u011bchto 5 dn\u00ed str\u00e1v\u00edm 2 hodiny t\u00edm, \u017ee si s n\u00edm promluv\u00edm a pomohu mu. Ale alespo\u0148 3 hodiny u\u0161et\u0159\u00edm, a st\u00e1\u017eistovi bude p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, \u017ee mu n\u011bkdo poradil, pomohl. Celkov\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jen \u00fazce komunikovat, sledovat, co \u010dlov\u011bk d\u011bl\u00e1, a neztr\u00e1cet kontakt.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e<\/p>\n

Serjo\u017ea:<\/i><\/h5>\n

St\u00e1\u017eista je neust\u00e1le v kontaktu se sv\u00fdm mentorem a n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b si spolu pov\u00eddaj\u00ed. Mentor prov\u00e1d\u00ed revizi k\u00f3du, programuje ve dvojici se st\u00e1\u017eistou a pom\u00e1h\u00e1, kdy\u017e naraz\u00ed na n\u011bjak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Touto kombinac\u00ed pomoci mentora a skute\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f \u0161kol\u00edme frontendov\u00e9 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dima:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Aby se st\u00e1\u017eista nec\u00edtil opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd, diskutujeme ji\u017e p\u0159ed n\u00e1borem, kdo ho bude mentorovat. To je tak\u00e9 velk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro samotn\u00e9ho mentora: p\u0159\u00edprava na roli t\u00fdmov\u00e9ho l\u00eddra, ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed schopnosti udr\u017eet si v hlav\u011b jak sv\u00e9 \u00fakoly, tak \u00fakoly st\u00e1\u017eisty. Po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1me pravideln\u00e9 sch\u016fzky, kter\u00fdch se ob\u010das \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edm i j\u00e1, abych m\u011bl p\u0159ehled. Ale st\u00e1\u017eista komunikuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se sv\u00fdm mentorem. Zprvu se mentorovi v\u011bnuje spoustu \u010dasu, ale vyplat\u00ed se to.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nM\u00edt mentora v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161echny vznikl\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed pouze p\u0159es n\u011bj.<\/p>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

U n\u00e1s je zvykem, \u017ee lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se setkaj\u00ed s probl\u00e9mem, se ptaj\u00ed na rady koleg\u016f a rychle najdou pomoc. \u010c\u00edm rychleji \u010dlov\u011bk roste, t\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji pot\u0159ebuje j\u00edt k koleg\u016fm a n\u011bco se dozv\u011bd\u011bt. Je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 i jen se dozv\u011bd\u011bt o \u00fakolech ostatn\u00edch, abychom vymysleli nov\u00e9 \u00fakoly. Kdy\u017e je st\u00e1\u017eista schopen s\u00e1m se dohodnout, pochopit, co je pro druhou stranu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, a dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fdsledku v t\u00fdmu, roste mnohem rychleji ne\u017e ten, za kter\u00e9ho v\u0161echno mus\u00ed d\u011blat vedouc\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Serjo\u017ea:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Existuje dokumentace, ale v\u011bt\u0161ina informac\u00ed je rozpt\u00fdlena ve vzduchu. Pokud ji vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1te na za\u010d\u00e1tku kari\u00e9ry, je to dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhoda, a my m\u016f\u017eeme zam\u011b\u0159it \u010dlov\u011bka na to, co je pot\u0159eba se nau\u010dit. <\/p>\n

Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1\u017eista je ten, kdo se n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f \u0161kol\u00ed, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se junior developerem, pak prost\u011b developerem, pot\u00e9 vedouc\u00edm skupiny atd. K tomu je pot\u0159eba archetyp u\u010dn\u011b, kter\u00fd se neboj\u00ed zeptat, kdy\u017e mu n\u011bco nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, ale je z\u00e1rove\u0148 schopen pracovat samostatn\u011b. Kdy\u017e mu \u0159eknou, \u017ee si o tom m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst tam a tam, p\u016fjde, p\u0159e\u010dte si to a skute\u010dn\u011b se vr\u00e1t\u00ed s nov\u00fdmi znalostmi. M\u016f\u017ee ud\u011blat chybu, ale nem\u011bl by chybovat v\u00edce ne\u017e jednou, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dvakr\u00e1t na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1\u017eista by m\u011bl r\u016fst, vst\u0159eb\u00e1vat v\u0161echno jako houba, u\u010dit se a zlep\u0161ovat se. Ten, kdo sed\u00ed, sna\u017e\u00ed se na v\u0161echno p\u0159ij\u00edt s\u00e1m, dlouho se hrabe, nept\u00e1 se na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, jen t\u011b\u017eko se uchyt\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Konec st\u00e1\u017ee<\/h3>\n

\nP\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm pr\u00e1ce podepisujeme s ka\u017ed\u00fdm st\u00e1\u017eistou smlouvu na dobu ur\u010ditou. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee st\u00e1\u017e je placen\u00e1, je zaji\u0161t\u011bna podle rusk\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho pr\u00e1va a st\u00e1\u017eista m\u00e1 stejn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody jako ka\u017ed\u00fd jin\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec Yandexu. Po t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch program kon\u010d\u00ed \u2014 mnoh\u00e9 st\u00e1\u017eisty pot\u00e9 p\u0159etahujeme do stavu (na smlouvu na dobu neur\u010ditou).<\/p>\n

\"St\u00e1\u017e
\n
\nNa jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b je pro vedouc\u00edho d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby developer splnil sv\u016fj minim\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1\u017eistick\u00fd \u00fakol. Pr\u00e1v\u011b k tomu vede st\u00e1\u017eistu, po\u010d\u00ednaje pohovorem. To je v\u0161ak teprve za\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu. St\u00e1\u017eista je pro n\u00e1s v\u017edy potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm kandid\u00e1tem do stavu. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakol pro vedouc\u00edho je ji\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku rozpoznat takovou osobu, kterou po t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch nebude trapn\u00e9 doporu\u010dit do jin\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm c\u00edlem je udr\u017eet jej v tomt\u00e9\u017e t\u00fdmu, vz\u00edt ho do stavu. P\u0159i tom bereme v \u00favahu, \u017ee student druh\u00e9ho nebo t\u0159et\u00edho ro\u010dn\u00edku \u2014 i kdy\u017e se stal st\u00e1\u017eistou \u2014 se s nastupuj\u00edc\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm rokem mus\u00ed vr\u00e1tit k v\u00fduce na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole.<\/p>\n

Serjo\u017ea:<\/i><\/h5>\n

St\u00e1\u017eisti jsou pro n\u00e1s p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm potenci\u00e1l v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Sna\u017e\u00edme se p\u011bstovat lidi uvnit\u0159 Yandexu tak, aby ide\u00e1ln\u011b vyhovovali na\u0161im \u00fakol\u016fm. D\u00e1v\u00e1me jim v\u0161e, po\u010d\u00ednaje kulturou komunikace a spolupr\u00e1ce v t\u00fdmech a\u017e po encyklopedick\u00e9 znalosti o v\u0161ech na\u0161ich syst\u00e9mech.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

Kdy\u017e bereme st\u00e1\u017eistu, hned z n\u011bj odhadujeme, zda se bude hodit do na\u0161eho t\u00fdmu. A obvykle je jedinou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou nedostatek voln\u00e9 pozice. Sna\u017e\u00edme se br\u00e1t dostate\u010dn\u011b mlad\u00e9 lidi. Pokud m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk p\u011bt let zku\u0161enost\u00ed s v\u00fdvojem, p\u0159ijde do Yandexu a je na \u00farovni st\u00e1\u017eisty, bohu\u017eel to pro n\u00e1s znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u2014 a\u010dkoli je skv\u011bl\u00fd, kdy\u017e se uch\u00e1z\u00ed o pr\u00e1ci v Yandexu s p\u011bti lety zku\u0161enost\u00ed \u2014 u\u017e se nevypracuje na seniorn\u00edho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e. Obvykle to souvis\u00ed s rychlost\u00ed: pomal\u00fd r\u016fst v minulosti bude znamenat pomal\u00fd r\u016fst i u n\u00e1s. Ano, n\u011bkdy pochopen\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk nezvl\u00e1d\u00e1, p\u0159ijde a\u017e po t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. Ale to je dost vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. V v\u00edce ne\u017e polovin\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f jsme ochotni br\u00e1t lidi do st\u00e1l\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru. Za svou pam\u011b\u0165 si nepamatuji, \u017ee by n\u011bkdo \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b absolvoval st\u00e1\u017e, ale nedok\u00e1zal proj\u00edt pohovorem na st\u00e1lou pozici.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

V\u0161em \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm st\u00e1\u017eist\u016fm nab\u00edz\u00edme mo\u017enost z\u016fstat ve firm\u011b. Po st\u00e1\u017ei obvykle p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me na pln\u00fd \u00favazek v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu z nich. S letn\u00ed st\u00e1\u017eemi je to slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee k n\u00e1m \u010dasto p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed studenti, nap\u0159\u00edklad ze t\u0159et\u00edho ro\u010dn\u00edku, a ti maj\u00ed probl\u00e9m skloubit pr\u00e1ci se studiem.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dima:<\/i><\/h5>\n

P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee st\u00e1\u017eista si skv\u011ble porad\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi \u00fakoly a m\u00e1 spoustu perspektiv vypracovat se na dobr\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e \u2014 a\u010dkoli te\u010f nem\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti. A p\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee na dobu neur\u010ditou nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 voln\u00e1 pozice. Pak je to jednoduch\u00e9: mus\u00edm j\u00edt za sv\u00fdm nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm a \u0159\u00edct mu \u2014 tenhle \u010dlov\u011bk je skv\u011bl\u00fd, mus\u00edme ud\u011blat v\u0161e pro to, abychom ho udr\u017eeli, poj\u010fme mu n\u011bco navrhnout, najd\u011bme mu vhodn\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o st\u00e1\u017eistech<\/h3>\n

Denis:<\/i><\/h5>\n

D\u00edvka, kter\u00e1 k n\u00e1m nastoupila na st\u00e1\u017e v roce 2017, byla z Permu. To je asi 400 kilometr\u016f na z\u00e1pad od Jekat\u011brinburgu. A ka\u017edou t\u00fdden k n\u00e1m jezdila vlakem z Permu do \u0160koly mobiln\u00edho v\u00fdvoje. P\u0159ijela p\u0159es den, ve\u010der se u\u010dila a pozd\u011b ve\u010der odj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bla zp\u011bt. Kdy\u017e jsme si t\u00e9to odhodlanosti v\u0161imli, pozvali jsme ji, aby pracovala, a to se vyplatilo.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ihnat:<\/i><\/h5>\n

P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety jsme se z\u00fa\u010dastnili programu v\u00fdm\u011bny st\u00e1\u017eist\u016f. Pr\u00e1ce s cizinci byla zaj\u00edmav\u00e1. Ale st\u00e1\u017eist\u00e9 odtamtud nejsou lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad z \u0160ADe nebo z FKNu. Mohlo se zd\u00e1t, \u017ee EPFL je v top 20 evropsk\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b \u2014 jako\u017eto m\u00e1lo zku\u0161en\u00fd tazatel \u2014 jsem m\u011bl takov\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed: neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, pohovory vedeme s lidmi z EPFL, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt skv\u011bl\u00ed. Ale lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskali z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed o programov\u00e1n\u00ed u n\u00e1s \u2014 v\u010detn\u011b v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch region\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch \u2014 se ukazuj\u00ed jako dostate\u010dn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nebo jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Moment\u00e1ln\u011b m\u00e1m ve sv\u00e9m t\u00fdmu kluka, je mu kolem 20 let. Pracuje v Petrohrad\u011b, p\u0159ijel na st\u00e1\u017e. Je opravdu skv\u011bl\u00fd. Jako obvykle mu d\u00e1v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fakoly, on je \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, a po m\u011bs\u00edci p\u0159ijde a \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: vy\u0159e\u0161il jsem to, kouk\u00e1m, a zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee va\u0161e architektura je \u0161patn\u011b postaven\u00e1. Poj\u010fme to p\u0159ed\u011blat. K\u00f3d bude jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a srozumiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jsem ho od toho odradil: objem pr\u00e1ce je velk\u00fd, pro u\u017eivatele z toho nic nem\u00e1me, ale my\u0161lenka zn\u00ed naprosto rozumn\u011b. \u010clov\u011bk se vyznal ve slo\u017eit\u00e9m v\u00edcethreadov\u00e9m procesu a navrhl zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u2014 mo\u017en\u00e1 pon\u011bkud p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e1, refaktoring jen pro refaktoring. Ale jakmile se tento k\u00f3d bude cht\u00edt zkomplikovat, m\u016f\u017eeme ten refaktoring p\u0159ece jen prov\u00e9st. Nakonec uplynuly p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a zab\u00fdvali jsme se t\u00edm \u00fakolem. S radost\u00ed jsem ho vzal do t\u00fdmu. My v\u0161ichni nejsme g\u00e9niov\u00e9. M\u016f\u017ee\u0161 p\u0159ij\u00edt, vyznat se v n\u011b\u010dem a uk\u00e1zat n\u00e1m na na\u0161e probl\u00e9my. To se cen\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mi\u0161a:<\/i><\/h5>\n

M\u00e1me takov\u00e9 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1\u017eisty. I p\u0159es nedostatek zku\u0161enost\u00ed vid\u00ed \u00fakoly nejen na technick\u00e9, ale i na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zlep\u0161en\u00ed. Maj\u00ed pochopen\u00ed pro to, jak p\u0159etvo\u0159it \u00fakoly ze skute\u010dn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta na technick\u00e9, ani\u017e by ztratili smysl. P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed o kone\u010dn\u00e9m c\u00edli, zda se te\u010f vyplat\u00ed zab\u00fdvat se detaily nebo je mo\u017en\u00e9 zcela zm\u011bnit p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00fakolu nebo dokonce formulaci zad\u00e1n\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l dostat se na n\u011bkolik \u00farovn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e. Aby tuto cestu u\u0161li, sta\u010d\u00ed, aby si vylep\u0161ili n\u011bjak\u00e9 dovednosti a vnit\u0159n\u00ed n\u00e1stroje. Plus spustili n\u011bkolik \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch projekt\u016f.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\"St\u00e1\u017e
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Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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