{"id":31082,"date":"2019-10-31T21:39:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/zachem-vam-uchit-go\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:39:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:21","slug":"zachem-vam-uchit-go","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/zachem-vam-uchit-go","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d se u\u010dit Go","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Pro\u010d
\nZdroj obr\u00e1zku<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Go je relativn\u011b mlad\u00fd, ale popul\u00e1rn\u00ed programovac\u00ed jazyk. Podle\u00a0ankety<\/a><\/noindex> Stack Overflow se Golang um\u00edstil na t\u0159et\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku programovac\u00edch jazyk\u016f, kter\u00e9 by cht\u011bli ovl\u00e1dnout v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pokus\u00edme zjistit d\u016fvody popularity Go, a tak\u00e9 se pod\u00edv\u00e1me, kde se tento jazyk pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a pro\u010d se v\u016fbec vyplat\u00ed ho studovat.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Trocha historie<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Programovac\u00ed jazyk Go byl vytvo\u0159en spole\u010dnost\u00ed Google. Vlastn\u011b jeho \u00fapln\u00fd n\u00e1zev Golang poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \"Google language\". I kdy\u017e byl jazyk v ozn\u00e1men\u00ed pops\u00e1n jako mlad\u00fd, v tomto roce oslavil ji\u017e deset let.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

C\u00edl, kter\u00fd m\u011bli tv\u016frci Go, byl vyvinout jednoduch\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed programovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd by mohl b\u00fdt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho softwaru. Rob Pike, jeden z tv\u016frc\u016f Go, prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee Go byl vyvinut pro program\u00e1tory ve firm\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed ned\u00e1vno dokon\u010dili studium a znaj\u00ed Java, C, C++ nebo Python. Go je pro n\u011b jazyk, do kter\u00e9ho se rychle dostanou a na kter\u00fd si rychle zvyknou.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u011b byl n\u00e1strojem uvnit\u0159 Google, ale s postupem \u010dasu se dostal na ve\u0159ejnost.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody jazyka<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Golang m\u00e1 mnoho v\u00fdhod, jak zn\u00e1m\u00fdch, tak i m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jednoduchost.<\/strong> To byla vlastn\u011b hlavn\u00ed c\u00edlem p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jazyka a poda\u0159ilo se to splnit. Go m\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u011b jednoduchou syntaxi (s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi v\u00fdjimkami), tak\u017ee aplikace lze vyv\u00edjet rychleji ne\u017e v n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch. A zde jsou dva zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 momenty.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Za prv\u00e9, Golang se m\u016f\u017ee rychle nau\u010dit \u00fapln\u00fd nov\u00e1\u010dek v programov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 ten, kdo v\u016fbec nezn\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jazyk a teprve se chyst\u00e1 st\u00e1t v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em. O Go lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b jednoduch\u00fd (relativn\u011b, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b), jako PHP nebo dokonce Pascal, ale stejn\u011b v\u00fdkonn\u00fd jako C++.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9, Go m\u016f\u017ee ovl\u00e1dnout ji\u017e \"vytvo\u0159en\u00fd program\u00e1tor\", ten, kdo ji\u017e zn\u00e1 jeden nebo n\u011bkolik jazyk\u016f. Nej\u010dast\u011bji v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i studuj\u00ed Go pot\u00e9, co zvl\u00e1dli Python nebo PHP. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed program\u00e1to\u0159i \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kombinaci Python\/Go nebo PHP\/Go.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed knihoven.<\/strong> Pokud v\u00e1m v Go chyb\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e1 funkce, m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt jednu z mnoha knihoven a splnit po\u017eadovan\u00fd \u00fakol. Go m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b jednu v\u00fdhodu \u2013 bez probl\u00e9m\u016f m\u016f\u017eete interagovat s knihovnami jazyka C. Dokonce se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Go knihovny jsou ob\u00e1lky pro C knihovny.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u010cistota k\u00f3du.<\/strong> Kompil\u00e1tor Go umo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eovat k\u00f3d \"\u010dist\u00fd\". Nap\u0159\u00edklad nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 prom\u011bnn\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za chybu kompilace. V Go se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st probl\u00e9m\u016f s form\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00edm. To se d\u011bje nap\u0159\u00edklad pomoc\u00ed programu gofmt p\u0159i ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nebo kompilaci. Form\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed se opraveno automaticky. V\u00edce o tom v\u0161em se m\u016f\u017eete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v tutori\u00e1lu. Efektivn\u00ed<\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Statick\u00e1 typizace.<\/strong> Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou Go, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euje pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku chyb v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e. Ano, prvn\u00edch p\u00e1r dn\u00ed je program\u00e1tor zvykl\u00fd na dynamickou typizaci podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fd, kdy\u017e mus\u00ed deklarovat typ pro ka\u017edou prom\u011bnnou a funkci, stejn\u011b jako pro v\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed. Ale pak si uv\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee zde jsou sam\u00e9 v\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

GoDoc<\/a><\/noindex><\/strong>. N\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd velmi usnad\u0148uje dokumentaci k\u00f3du. Velk\u00fdm plusem GoDoc je, \u017ee zde nejsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny dal\u0161\u00ed jazyky jako JavaDoc, PHPDoc nebo JSDoc. N\u00e1stroj vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1 z dokumentovan\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00dadr\u017eba k\u00f3du.<\/b> O n\u011bj se snadno star\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky jednoduch\u00e9 a stru\u010dn\u00e9 syntaxi. To v\u0161e je d\u011bdictv\u00edm Google. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee m\u00e1 korporace ohromn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed k\u00f3du pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 softwarov\u00e9 produkty a tak\u00e9 des\u00edtky tis\u00edc v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se t\u00edm v\u0161\u00edm zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed, vznik\u00e1 probl\u00e9m \u00fadr\u017eby. K\u00f3d mus\u00ed b\u00fdt srozumiteln\u00fd v\u0161em, kdo na n\u011bm pracuj\u00ed, dob\u0159e dokumentovan\u00fd a stru\u010dn\u00fd. To v\u0161e je mo\u017en\u00e9 s Go.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V Golangu nejsou t\u0159\u00eddy (jsou struktury, struct), nen\u00ed zde podpora d\u011bdi\u010dnosti, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnad\u0148uje zm\u011bnu k\u00f3du. Nav\u00edc tu nejsou v\u00fdjimky, anotace atd.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017eete napsat v Go<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Prakticky cokoliv, krom\u011b n\u011bkolika v\u011bc\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdvoje spojen\u00e9ho s machine learning \u2013 zde je p\u0159ece jen v\u00edce vhodn\u00fd Python s n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fdmi optimalizacemi v C\/C++ a CUDA).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u0161e ostatn\u00ed lze napsat, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o webov\u00e9 slu\u017eby. Krom\u011b toho lze na Go vyv\u00edjet aplikace jak pro koncov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele, tak pro v\u00fdvoj d\u00e9mon\u016f, UI, je vhodn\u00fd pro multiplatformn\u00ed aplikace a slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Popt\u00e1vka po Golangu<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Pro\u010d
\nS postupem \u010dasu se jazyk st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le \u017e\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Krom\u011b t\u011bch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou uvedeny na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e, s Golangem pracuj\u00ed Mail.ru Group, Avito, Ozon, Lamoda, BBC, Canonical a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201eRozhodli jsme se \u0161k\u00e1lovat podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, je pro n\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vybudovat zcela novou technologickou platformu, kter\u00e1 zajist\u00ed rychl\u00fd rozvoj produktu. S\u00e1z\u00edme na Go d\u00edky jeho rychlosti a spolehlivosti, a hlavn\u011b kv\u016fli komunit\u011b program\u00e1tor\u016f, kter\u00e1 ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1,\u201c uvedli z\u00e1stupci Ozonu v roce 2018, pot\u00e9 co spole\u010dnost rozhodla o p\u0159echodu na Golang.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

A co se t\u00fd\u010de p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd plat Go v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e minul\u00fd rok \u010dinil 60-140 tis\u00edc rubl\u016f podle informac\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> \u201eM\u00e9ho Krou\u017eku\u201c. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2017 vzrostl tento ukazatel o 8,3 %. V roce 2019 se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b r\u016fst bude pokra\u010dovat, proto\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i Golangu jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00ed mnoha spole\u010dnostmi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Co d\u00e1l?<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

Rozvoj Golangu rozhodn\u011b nezastav\u00ed. Pot\u0159eba dobr\u00fdch specialist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tento jazyk znaj\u00ed, bude jen r\u016fst, tak\u017ee specialistovi (za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edkovi nebo profesion\u00e1lovi) nebude obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt pr\u00e1ci. V podstat\u011b plat\u00ed toto tvrzen\u00ed i nyn\u00ed, proto\u017ee na trhu IT panuje neust\u00e1l\u00fd nedostatek v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Go je dobr\u00fd jak pro za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed program\u00e1tory, tak pro prof\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e znaj\u00ed jeden nebo v\u00edce programovac\u00edch jazyk\u016f. Nau\u010dit se ho nebo p\u0159e\u0161kolit se m\u016f\u017ee prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd program\u00e1tor.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek byl p\u0159ipravov\u00e1n ve spolupr\u00e1ci s u\u010ditelem kurzu Golang<\/a><\/noindex> v GeekBrains, Sergejem Kru\u010dininem, za co\u017e mu srde\u010dn\u011b d\u011bkujeme!<\/p>\n

Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":23053,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Pro\u010d se u\u010dit Go | ProHoster","description":"","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/zachem-vam-uchit-go","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 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