{"id":31264,"date":"2019-10-31T21:40:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:40:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kto-otvetit-za-kachestvo\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:40:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:40:21","slug":"kto-otvetit-za-kachestvo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kto-otvetit-za-kachestvo","title":{"rendered":"Kdo zodpov\u00ed za kvalitu?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Ahoj, Habr!<\/p>\n

M\u00e1me nov\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 t\u00e9ma \u2013 kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj IT produkt\u016f. \u010casto hovo\u0159\u00edme na HighLoad++ o tom, jak zrychlit p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 slu\u017eby, a na Frontend Conf o skv\u011bl\u00e9m u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nezpomaluje. Pravideln\u011b se zab\u00fdv\u00e1me testov\u00e1n\u00edm, a na DevOpsConf o spojen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch proces\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ale o tom, co lze nazvat kvalitu jako celek, a jak na n\u00ed komplexn\u011b pracovat \u2013 o tom se nemluv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Opraveno na QualityConf<\/a><\/noindex>\u00a0\u2013 budeme rozv\u00edjet kulturu p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o kvalit\u011b kone\u010dn\u00e9ho produktu pro u\u017eivatele v ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje. Zvyk neuzav\u00edrat se do sv\u00e9 z\u00f3ny odpov\u011bdnosti a asociovat kvalitu nejen se testery.<\/p>\n

Pod \u010dl\u00e1nkem si pohovo\u0159\u00edme s p\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed programov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru, vedouc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed ve Tinkoff.Biz, tv\u016frkyn\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho QA spole\u010denstv\u00ed Anastasij\u00ed Aseevou-Nguen<\/b> o stavu odv\u011btv\u00ed QA a misi nov\u00e9 konference.<\/p>\n

\"Kdo
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\u2013 Nasty, ahoj. Pros\u00edm, \u0159ekni n\u011bco o sob\u011b.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"KdoAnastasia<\/strong>: Vedla jsem testov\u00e1n\u00ed v bance, odpov\u00edd\u00e1m za velmi velk\u00fd t\u00fdm \u2013 n\u00e1s je v\u00edc ne\u017e 90. M\u00e1me d\u016fle\u017eitou obchodn\u00ed linii, zodpov\u00edd\u00e1me za ekosyst\u00e9m pro pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n

Studovala jsem na mechmat\u011b a p\u016fvodn\u011b jsem cht\u011bla b\u00fdt program\u00e1torkou. Ale kdy\u017e se mi objevila zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 nab\u00eddka, rozhodla jsem se vyzkou\u0161et si roli testera. Jak p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee je to moje posl\u00e1n\u00edm. Nyn\u00ed vid\u00edm svou pr\u00e1ci pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jsem v\u00e1\u0161nivou zast\u00e1nkyn\u00ed discipl\u00edny Quality Assurance. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed mi na tom, jak\u00e9 produkty se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed, jak se v r\u00e1mci firmy, t\u00fdmu a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu v\u00fdvoje vztahuj\u00ed k kvalit\u011b.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nPro m\u011b je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee komunita v t\u00e9to oblasti nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00e1<\/strong>, alespo\u0148 v Rusku. Ne v\u017edy ch\u00e1peme, \u017ee zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality nen\u00ed jen fakt testov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace na shodu s po\u017eadavky. R\u00e1da bych tuto situaci zm\u011bnila.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1\u0161 slova Quality Assurance a testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V o\u010d\u00edch laika se tyto dva term\u00edny \u010dasto p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Jak se li\u0161\u00ed, pokud se do toho pono\u0159\u00edme?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia:<\/strong> Sp\u00ed\u0161e se neli\u0161\u00ed. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed discipl\u00edny Quality Assurance, co\u017e je p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 \u010dinnost \u2014 samotn\u00fd fakt, \u017ee n\u011bco testuji. Druh\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed je ve skute\u010dnosti velmi mnoho a za r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed zcela r\u016fzn\u00ed lid\u00e9. Ale u n\u00e1s v Rusku, kdy\u017e se objevila vlna outsourc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed testery do spole\u010dnost\u00ed, se testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00fa\u017eilo na jedin\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f se omezuj\u00ed pouze na funk\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed: kontroluj\u00ed, \u017ee to, co naprogramovali v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, odpov\u00edd\u00e1 specifikaci a v\u0161emu.<\/p>\n

\u2014 \u0158ekni mi pros\u00edm, jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed discipl\u00edny zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality existuj\u00ed? Co dal\u0161\u00edho krom\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed sem spad\u00e1?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Quality Assurance je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho produktu. Tedy se pt\u00e1me, jak\u00e9 atributy kvality by m\u011bl n\u00e1\u0161 produkt m\u00edt. Pokud tomu rozum\u00edme, m\u016f\u017eeme tak\u00e9 zjistit, kdo ovliv\u0148uje tyto atributy kvality. Nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, zda je to v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159, projektov\u00fd mana\u017eer nebo produktov\u00fd manager.<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 To je osoba, kter\u00e1 ovliv\u0148uje rozvoj produktu, jeho backlog a jeho strategii.<\/p>\n

Tester si za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 l\u00e9pe uv\u011bdomovat svou roli. Ch\u00e1pe, \u017ee jeho \u00fakolem nen\u00ed pouze testovat shodu s po\u017eadavky, ale tak\u00e9 testovat po\u017eadavky, zpochyb\u0148ovat formulace, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1zej\u00ed od produktov\u00e9ho mana\u017eera, odhalovat v\u0161echna nejasn\u00e1 po\u017eadavky a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Kdy\u017e dod\u00e1v\u00e1me novou funk\u010dnost na\u0161emu klientovi, mus\u00edme skute\u010dn\u011b splnit jeho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a vy\u0159e\u0161it jeho probl\u00e9my. Pokud budeme myslet na v\u0161echny atributy kvality, z\u00e1kazn\u00edk bude spokojen a bude ch\u00e1pat, \u017ee spole\u010dnost, jej\u00ed\u017e produkt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, se skute\u010dn\u011b star\u00e1 o jeho z\u00e1jmy, a nepracuje na principu \"jen vydat funkci\".<\/p>\n

\u2014 Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee to, co jsi te\u010f popsala, je \u00fakol produktov\u00e9ho mana\u017eera. To vlastn\u011b nen\u00ed o testov\u00e1n\u00ed a ne o kvalit\u011b \u2014 to je vlastn\u011b o managementu produktu, \u017ee?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. Quality Assurance nen\u00ed discipl\u00edna, za kterou odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeden konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk. Nyn\u00ed existuje popul\u00e1rn\u00ed sm\u011br v testov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Agile Testing<\/strong>V jeho definici se p\u0159\u00edmo uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o t\u00fdmov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd zahrnuje ur\u010dit\u00fd soubor praktik. Za realizaci tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu nese odpov\u011bdnost cel\u00fd t\u00fdm, nen\u00ed ani nutn\u00e9, aby v t\u00fdmu byl tester. Cel\u00fd t\u00fdm se zam\u011b\u0159uje na to, aby dodal hodnotu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi, a aby tato hodnota odpov\u00eddala jeho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Tak\u017ee kvalita se p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 se v\u0161emi okoln\u00edmi discipl\u00ednami, klade r\u00e1mce na v\u0161e kolem?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Spr\u00e1vn\u011b. Kdy\u017e p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme o tom, co chceme vytvo\u0159it kvalitn\u00ed produkt, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me uva\u017eovat o r\u016fzn\u00fdch aspektech kvality. Nap\u0159\u00edklad jak ov\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee jsme skute\u010dn\u011b vytvo\u0159ili funkci, kter\u00e1 je na\u0161emu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi pot\u0159eba.<\/p>\n

Zde se objevuje takov\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako UAT<\/strong> (testov\u00e1n\u00ed akceptace u\u017eivateli). Bohu\u017eel, v Rusku se z\u0159\u00eddka praktikuje, ale n\u011bkdy se vyskytuje v SCRUM t\u00fdmech jako demonstrace pro koncov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. V zahrani\u010dn\u00edch firm\u00e1ch je to dost roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u00edme funkcionalitu v\u0161em z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm, nejprve prov\u00e1d\u00edme UAT, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pozveme koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd prov\u00e1d\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed a okam\u017eit\u011b poskytuje zp\u011btnou vazbu \u2014 zda produkt skute\u010dn\u011b odpov\u00edd\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm a \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Teprve pot\u00e9 prob\u00edh\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed pro v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme na byznys, na koncov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, ale p\u0159itom nezapom\u00edn\u00e1me na technologie<\/strong>. Na kvalit\u011b produktu tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed technologie. Pokud budeme m\u00edt \u0161patnou architekturu, nebudeme moci rychle uvol\u0148ovat funkce a spl\u0148ovat o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Mohou se objevit mnoh\u00e9 chyby p\u0159i pokusu o \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo p\u0159i pokusu o refactoring n\u011bco m\u016f\u017eeme rozb\u00edt. To v\u0161echno ovlivn\u00ed spokojenost z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

Z tohoto hlediska by architektura m\u011bla b\u00fdt takov\u00e1, abychom mohli ps\u00e1t \u010dist\u00fd k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed rychl\u00e9 zm\u011bny a strachovat se o to, \u017ee v\u0161echno rozbijeme. Aby iterace vylep\u0161en\u00ed nebyly rozta\u017eeny na n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f jen proto, \u017ee m\u00e1me tolik legacy a je pot\u0159eba prov\u00e1d\u011bt dlouh\u00e9 testovac\u00ed f\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n

\u2014 A u\u017e jsou zapojeni v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, architekti, produktov\u00ed mana\u017ee\u0159i, sami teste\u0159i. Kdo dal\u0161\u00ed je zapojen do procesu zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee jsme ji\u017e doru\u010dili funkci klientovi. Je samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee je t\u0159eba sledovat kvalitu produktu, i kdy\u017e je ji\u017e v produkci. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se mohou objevit situace s nejasn\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, takzvan\u00e9 chyby.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka je, jak pracujeme s t\u011bmito chybami pot\u00e9, co jsme produkt ji\u017e vydali? Jak nap\u0159\u00edklad reagujeme na z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e? Klient nebude p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 spokojen, pokud se str\u00e1nka na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e 30 sekund.<\/p>\n

Zde vstupuje do hry provoz, nebo jak se nyn\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, DevOps<\/strong>. Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou to lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed za provoz produktu, kdy\u017e u\u017e je na produkci. Sem spadaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Existuje dokonce podtyp testov\u00e1n\u00ed - testov\u00e1n\u00ed v produkci, kdy si dovolujeme n\u011bco netestovat p\u0159ed nasazen\u00edm a testujeme to p\u0159\u00edmo v produkci. Jedn\u00e1 se o \u0159adu opat\u0159en\u00ed z pohledu organizace infrastruktury, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed rychle reagovat na incident, ovlivnit ho a opravit.<\/p>\n

Infrastruktura je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. \u010casto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee b\u011bhem testu nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee m\u00e1me skute\u010dn\u011b to, co bychom cht\u011bli d\u00e1t klientovi. Nasad\u00edme na produkci a za\u010dneme chytat nejasn\u00e9 situace. A to v\u0161echno proto, \u017ee infrastruktura v testu neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 infrastruktu\u0159e na produkci. Odtud vznik\u00e1 nov\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed - testov\u00e1n\u00ed infrastruktury<\/strong>. To zahrnuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 konfigurace, nastaven\u00ed, migraci datab\u00e1z\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n

Odtud vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka - mo\u017en\u00e1 by t\u00fdm m\u011bl pou\u017e\u00edt infrastrukturu jako k\u00f3d.<\/p>\n

V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee infrastruktura v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu produktu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nDouf\u00e1m, \u017ee na konferenci bude p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka s re\u00e1ln\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Napi\u0161te n\u00e1m, pokud jste ochotni sd\u00edlet zku\u0161enosti o tom, jak infrastruktura jako k\u00f3d ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu. Infrastruktura jako k\u00f3d umo\u017e\u0148uje snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontrolu v\u0161ech nastaven\u00ed a testov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co jinak nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9. Proto se do procesu v\u00fdvoje kvalitn\u00edho produktu zapojuje tak\u00e9 provoz.<\/p>\n

\u2014 A co analytika a dokumentace?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: To se v\u00edce t\u00fdk\u00e1 enterprise syst\u00e9m\u016f. Kdy\u017e mluv\u00edme o enterprise, hned n\u00e1s napadnou lid\u00e9 jako analytici a syst\u00e9mov\u00ed analytici. N\u011bkdy se jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 technick\u00e9 spisovatel\u00e9. Dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fakol na seps\u00e1n\u00ed specifikace a pln\u00ed ho, nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n

Bylo opakovan\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed takov\u00e9 dokumentace vede k velmi dlouh\u00fdm iterac\u00edm v\u00fdvoje a dal\u0161\u00edm dlouh\u00fdm iterac\u00edm \u00faprav, proto\u017ee b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed se objevuj\u00ed chyby, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba vracet. V d\u016fsledku toho se objevuje spousta smy\u010dek, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdvoj. Nav\u00edc to m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k zranitelnostem. Jakoby jsme napsali referen\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3d, ale n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zm\u011bny mohou rozb\u00edt dokonale promy\u0161lenou architekturu.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkem je tedy produkt, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed zcela kvalitn\u00ed, proto\u017ee v architektu\u0159e se ji\u017e objevily z\u00e1platy, k\u00f3d nen\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech dostate\u010dn\u011b pokryt testy, proto\u017ee se tla\u010d\u00ed na \u010das, je pot\u0159eba rychle vy\u0159e\u0161it v\u0161echny chyby. A to v\u0161echno proto, \u017ee v p\u016fvodn\u00ed specifikaci nebyly br\u00e1ny v \u00favahu v\u0161echny aspekty, kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 realizovat.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i nejsou \u0161k\u016fdci a nep\u00ed\u0161ou \u00famysln\u011b chybov\u00fd k\u00f3d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nKdybychom p\u016fvodn\u011b promysleli specifikaci, kter\u00e1 by pokryla v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 aspekty, realizovali bychom v\u0161e tak, jak je pot\u0159eba. Ale to je utopie.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 je nemo\u017en\u00e9 napsat ide\u00e1ln\u00ed specifikaci na 100 stran\u00e1ch. Proto je t\u0159eba p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o alternativn\u00edch zp\u016fsobech psan\u00ed dokumentace<\/strong>, specifikov\u00e1n\u00ed, formulov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f, kter\u00e9 by n\u00e1s p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eily k tomu, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 d\u011blal p\u0159esn\u011b to, co je pot\u0159eba.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na mysl p\u0159\u00edstupy z Agile \u2013 u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy s akcepta\u010dn\u00edmi krit\u00e9rii. To je v\u00edce aplikovateln\u00e9 pro t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 postupuj\u00ed mal\u00fdmi iteracemi.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Co se t\u00fd\u010de testov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017eitelnosti, komfortu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed produktu, designu?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: To je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd moment, proto\u017ee v t\u00fdmu jsou design\u00e9\u0159i. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se design\u00e9r\u016fm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako slu\u017eby \u2013 bu\u010f design\u00e9rsk\u00fd t\u00fdm, nebo design\u00e9r na outsourcingu. \u010casto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee design\u00e9r vyslechne produktov\u00e9ho mana\u017eera a ud\u011bl\u00e1 to, co pochopil. Ale kdy\u017e p\u0159ijdeme k iteraci, uk\u00e1\u017ee se, \u017ee ve skute\u010dnosti nebylo ud\u011bl\u00e1no to, co jsme o\u010dek\u00e1vali: design\u00e9r na n\u011bco zapomn\u011bl, nedokonale promyslel chov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee nen\u00ed v t\u00fdmu a nem\u00e1 kontext, nebo front-end v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 nepochopil jeho n\u00e1vrh. Mo\u017en\u00e1 bude pot\u0159eba n\u011bkolik iterac\u00ed jen kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee je probl\u00e9m s pochopen\u00edm designu front-end v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em.<\/p>\n

Existuje tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m. V sou\u010dasnosti z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed na popularit\u011b designov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Jsou v kurzu, ale p\u0159\u00ednosy z nich nejsou zcela z\u0159ejm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Setk\u00e1v\u00e1m se s n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee designov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b usnad\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u0161ak kladou mnoho omezen\u00ed na rozhran\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nNakonec nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme takovou funkci, kterou si klient p\u0159eje, ale takovou, kter\u00e1 je pohodln\u00e1 pro n\u00e1s, proto\u017ee ji\u017e m\u00e1me ur\u010dit\u00e9 bloky, ze kter\u00fdch ji m\u016f\u017eeme vytvo\u0159it.<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee by st\u00e1lo za to zamyslet se nad t\u00edm, zda si skute\u010dn\u011b v \u00fasil\u00ed o zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1ce na designu odstra\u0148ujeme bolest klienta.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Vznik\u00e1 p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b hodn\u011b t\u00e9mat t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality. Existuje v Rusku konference, kde se o nich v\u0161echno m\u016f\u017ee prodiskutovat?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Existuje nejstar\u0161\u00ed konference o testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se letos kon\u00e1 po 25. a naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se jednodu\u0161e \u2013 Konference o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality SQA Days. Hlavn\u011b se na n\u00ed diskutuj\u00ed n\u00e1stroje a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy k testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro funk\u010dn\u00ed testery. Obvykle se na SQA Days hloub\u011bji zkoum\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed oblasti v r\u00e1mci odpov\u011bdnosti samotn\u00fdch tester\u016f, ale nikoli komplexn\u00ed akce.<\/p>\n

To opravdu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 porozum\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00fdm n\u00e1stroj\u016fm a p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm, jak testovat datab\u00e1ze, API atd. Ale na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b to nemotivuje zapojit do vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho produktu nejen testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Na druhou stranu se teste\u0159i nest\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00edce zapojen\u00fdmi do procesu, aby p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm c\u00edli produktu a jeho obchodn\u00ed slo\u017ece.<\/p>\n

Vedou velk\u00fd t\u00fdm, vedu mnoho pohovor\u016f, kter\u00e9 v podstat\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edstavit stav odv\u011btv\u00ed. Obvykle na\u0161i lid\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed v enterprise a maj\u00ed jasnou z\u00f3nu odpov\u011bdnosti. Kolegov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pracuj\u00ed na zahrani\u010dn\u00edch projektech, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy testov\u00e1n\u00ed: mohou prov\u00e1d\u011bt z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed, testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu a dokonce i ob\u010das testov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed t\u00fdmu zajistit kvalitn\u00ed produkt.<\/p>\n

R\u00e1d bych, aby se i na\u0161i lid\u00e9 v Rusku za\u010dali zam\u00fd\u0161let nad t\u00edm, \u017ee na funk\u010dn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Pro to jsme uspo\u0159\u00e1dali novou konferenci QualityConf, kter\u00e1 se v\u011bnuje kvalit\u011b jako celkov\u00e9 discipl\u00edn\u011b. M\u016f\u017ee\u0161 podrobn\u011bji popsat, o co jde, jak\u00fd je hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl konference?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Chceme vytvo\u0159it komunitu lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem vyv\u00edjet kvalitn\u00ed produkty. Poskytnout prostor, kam mohou p\u0159ij\u00edt, poslechnout si p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a po konferenci odej\u00edt s konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm pochopen\u00edm toho, co je t\u0159eba zm\u011bnit ve sv\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality.<\/p>\n

\u010casto nyn\u00ed sly\u0161\u00edm dotazy od konzultant\u016f, co d\u011blat, kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed probl\u00e9my s testov\u00e1n\u00edm a kvalitou. Kdy\u017e za\u010dnete komunikovat s t\u00fdmy, vid\u00edte, \u017ee probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed ve samotn\u00fdch testerech, ale v tom, jak je proces nastaven. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i pova\u017euj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou odpov\u011bdn\u00ed pouze za psan\u00ed k\u00f3du, jejich odpov\u011bdnost kon\u010d\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b v okam\u017eiku, kdy p\u0159edali \u00fakol k testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ne v\u0161ichni p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed o tom, \u017ee \u0161patn\u011b napsan\u00fd nekvalitn\u00ed k\u00f3d se \u0161patnou architekturou hroz\u00ed velk\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my pro projekt. Nerozva\u017euj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na chyby, to, \u017ee chyby, kter\u00e9 se dostanou do produkce, mohou zp\u016fsobit zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady pro spole\u010dnost a t\u00fdm. Neexistuje kultura zab\u00fdvat se t\u00edmto. Chci, aby na konferenci jsme za\u010dali tuto kulturu \u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1pu, \u017ee to nen\u00ed novinka. Edward Deming, autor 14 postul\u00e1t\u016f kvality, psal o n\u00e1kladech na chybu u\u017e v minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed. Tento princip je z\u00e1kladem Quality Assurance jako discipl\u00edny, ale, bohu\u017eel, sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj na to zapom\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u2014 A pl\u00e1nujete tak\u00e9 se dotknout t\u00e9mat p\u0159\u00edmo souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s testov\u00e1n\u00edm a n\u00e1stroji?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee budou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky o n\u00e1stroj\u00edch. Existuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00fdch mohou spole\u010dnosti a t\u00fdmy ovlivnit produkt.<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky budou glob\u00e1ln\u011b spojeny jednou spole\u010dnou mis\u00ed: p\u0159edat publiku, \u017ee pomoc\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu, n\u00e1stroje, metody, procesu nebo typu testov\u00e1n\u00ed jsme ovlivnili kvalitu produktu a zlep\u0161ili \u017eivot klienta.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nUr\u010dit\u011b nebudeme m\u00edt p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky o n\u00e1stroji pro n\u00e1stroj. V\u0161echny p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, kter\u00e9 se dostanou do programu, budou spojeny spole\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kdo by m\u011bl z\u00e1jem o to, o \u010dem mluv\u00ed\u0161, koho vid\u00ed\u0161 jako hosty konference?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Na na\u0161\u00ed konferenci budou prezentace pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fdm nen\u00ed lhostejn\u00fd osud jejich projektu, produktu nebo syst\u00e9mu. Bude to zaj\u00edmat tak\u00e9 testery a zejm\u00e9na mana\u017eery. Pod mana\u017eery m\u00e1m na mysli ty, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed a mohou ovlivnit osud a rozvoj produktu, syst\u00e9mu \u010di t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

Jsou to lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed si kladou ot\u00e1zku, jak zv\u00fd\u0161it kvalitu produktu a syst\u00e9mu. Na na\u0161\u00ed konferenci se dozv\u011bd\u00ed o r\u016fzn\u00fdch souborech aktivit a budou moci pochopit, co maj\u00ed nyn\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b, co je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit.<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee hlavn\u00edm krit\u00e9riem je uv\u011bdomit si, \u017ee s kvalitou nen\u00ed n\u011bco v po\u0159\u00e1dku, a cht\u00edt na to m\u00edt vliv. Asi se n\u00e1m nepoda\u0159\u00ed oslovit lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee to takhle sta\u010d\u00ed, na poprv\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Jak si mysl\u00ed\u0161, je u\u017e odv\u011btv\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00e9 na to, abychom hovo\u0159ili nejen o testov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale o kultu\u0159e kvality?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anastasia<\/strong>: Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee u\u017e je. Mnoho firem nyn\u00ed odch\u00e1z\u00ed od tradi\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu Waterfall sm\u011brem k Agile. Je kladen d\u016fraz na z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a lid\u00e9 v t\u00fdmech skute\u010dn\u011b za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o tom, jak vytvo\u0159it kvalitn\u00ed produkt. I ve velk\u00fdch podnic\u00edch prob\u00edh\u00e1 p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed na zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality.<\/p>\n

Soud\u011b podle mno\u017estv\u00ed dotaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed ve spole\u010denstv\u00ed, si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee u\u017e je na \u010dase. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b si nejsem jista, \u017ee to bude rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 revoluce, ale r\u00e1da bych, aby k t\u00e9to zm\u011bn\u011b v mysl\u00edch do\u0161lo.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Dohodnuto! Budeme \u0161\u00ed\u0159it kulturu a m\u011bnit my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Konference o kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdvoji IT produkt\u016f QualityConf<\/a><\/noindex> se uskute\u010dn\u00ed v Moskv\u011b 7. \u010dervna<\/strong>. V\u00edte, z jak\u00fdch etap se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 kvalitn\u00ed produkt, m\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edpady \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho boje s chybami na produkci, a na vlastn\u00ed praxi jsme otestovali popul\u00e1rn\u00ed metody \u2014 pot\u0159ebujeme va\u0161e zku\u0161enosti. Pos\u00edlejte<\/a><\/noindex> sv\u00e9 p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161ky do 1. kv\u011btna<\/strong>, a Programov\u00fd v\u00fdbor pom\u016f\u017ee zam\u011b\u0159it t\u00e9ma pro celkovou soudr\u017enost konference.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipojte se k chatu<\/a><\/noindex>, kde diskutujeme ot\u00e1zky kvality a konferenci, p\u0159ihlaste se k odb\u011bru Telegramov\u00fd kan\u00e1l<\/a><\/noindex>, abyste byli v obraze o novink\u00e1ch programu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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