{"id":31672,"date":"2019-10-31T21:42:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:42:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:29","slug":"proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-netbsd-razvivaet-novyj-gipervizor-nvmm","title":{"rendered":"Projekt NetBSD vyv\u00edj\u00ed nov\u00fd hypervisor NVMM","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i projektu NetBSD ozn\u00e1mili<\/a><\/noindex> vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho hypervisoru a souvisej\u00edc\u00edho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho stacku, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e zahrnuty ve experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011btvi NetBSD-current a budou nab\u00edzeny v stabiln\u00ed verzi NetBSD 9. NVMM zat\u00edm podporuje pouze architekturu x86_64 a poskytuje dva backendy pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed hardwarov\u00fdch mechanism\u016f virtualizace: x86-SVM s podporou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed virtualizace CPU AMD a x86-VMX pro CPU Intel. V aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 spustit na jednom hostiteli a\u017e 128 virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159id\u011bleno a\u017e 256 virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch procesorov\u00fdch jader (VCPU) a 128 GB RAM. <\/p>\n

NVMM zahrnuje ovlada\u010d, kter\u00fd pracuje na \u00farovni j\u00e1dra syst\u00e9mu a koordinuje p\u0159\u00edstup k hardwarov\u00fdm mechanism\u016fm virtualizace, a stack Libnvmm, vykon\u00e1van\u00fd v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m prostoru. Interakce mezi komponenty j\u00e1dra a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru se prov\u00e1d\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm IOCTL. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed NVMM, kter\u00e1 ho odli\u0161uje od hypervisor\u016f jako KVM, HAXM<\/a><\/noindex> a Bhyve, je to, \u017ee na \u00farovni j\u00e1dra se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pouze minim\u00e1ln\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 sada obal\u016f kolem hardwarov\u00fdch mechanism\u016f virtualizace, zat\u00edmco cel\u00fd k\u00f3d emulace hardwaru je p\u0159esunut z j\u00e1dra do u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit objem k\u00f3du vykon\u00e1van\u00e9ho s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00edmi a sni\u017euje riziko kompromitace cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fatok\u016f na zranitelnosti v hypervisoru. Nav\u00edc se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zjednodu\u0161uje lad\u011bn\u00ed a fuzzingov\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed projektu. <\/p>\n

Libnvmm s\u00e1m o sob\u011b neobsahuje emula\u010dn\u00ed funkce, pouze poskytuje API, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje integrovat podporu NVMM do existuj\u00edc\u00edch emul\u00e1tor\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad do QEMU. API zahrnuje funkce jako vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho stroje, p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011bti hostitelsk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu a rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed VCPU. Pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch vektor\u016f \u00fatok\u016f libnvmm poskytuje pouze v\u00fdslovn\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00e9 funkce \u2014 ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 zpracovatele nejsou automaticky vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1ny a mohou b\u00fdt zcela vynech\u00e1ny, pokud se bez nich lze obej\u00edt. NVMM se sna\u017e\u00ed vyh\u00fdbat slo\u017eit\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm a umo\u017e\u0148uje \u0159\u00eddit co nejv\u00edce aspekt\u016f provozu.<\/p>\n

\"Projekt<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

J\u00e1dro NVMM je t\u011bsn\u011b integrov\u00e1no s j\u00e1drem NetBSD a umo\u017e\u0148uje zlep\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu t\u00edm, \u017ee se sni\u017euje po\u010det p\u0159epnut\u00ed kontextu mezi hostitelsk\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm a virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Na stran\u011b u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru se knihovna libnvmm sna\u017e\u00ed agregovat b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 operace vstupu a v\u00fdstupu a bez nutnosti se neobracet na syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m spr\u00e1vy pam\u011bti je zalo\u017een na subsyst\u00e9mu pmap, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhled\u00e1vat str\u00e1nky pam\u011bti hostuj\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f na str\u00e1nkovac\u00ed odd\u00edl v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nedostatku pam\u011bti v syst\u00e9mu. NVMM se zbavuje glob\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1mk\u016f a dob\u0159e se \u0161k\u00e1luje, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch jader CPU pro provoz r\u016fzn\u00fdch hostuj\u00edc\u00edch virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f. <\/p>\n

Na b\u00e1zi QEMU bylo p\u0159ipraveno \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 NVMM pro aktivaci hardwarov\u00fdch mechanism\u016f virtualizace. Pracuje se na zahrnut\u00ed p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch patch\u016f do hlavn\u00edho j\u00e1dra QEMU. Propojen\u00ed QEMU+NVMM ji\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b spou\u0161t\u011bt hostitelsk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my s FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Linux, Windows XP\/7\/8.1\/10 a dal\u0161\u00edmi syst\u00e9my na architektur\u00e1ch x86_64 s procesory AMD a Intel (NVMM nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1n na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed architekturu, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i vytvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho backendu m\u016f\u017ee fungovat i na syst\u00e9mech ARM64). V oblastech dal\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed NVMM se tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje sandboxov\u00e1 izolace jednotliv\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Projekt<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 NetBSD \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 NetBSD-current \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0435 NetBSD 9. 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