{"id":31677,"date":"2019-10-31T21:42:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novaya-statya-geforce-rtx-bolshe-ne-nuzhen-testy-trassirovki-luchej-na-uskoritelyah-geforce-gtx-10-i-16\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:42:30","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:30","slug":"novaya-statya-geforce-rtx-bolshe-ne-nuzhen-testy-trassirovki-luchej-na-uskoritelyah-geforce-gtx-10-i-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/novaya-statya-geforce-rtx-bolshe-ne-nuzhen-testy-trassirovki-luchej-na-uskoritelyah-geforce-gtx-10-i-16","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek: GeForce RTX u\u017e nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba? Testy ray tracingu na akceler\u00e1torech GeForce GTX 10 a 16","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Jakmile NVIDIA demonstrovala real-time ray tracing na grafick\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch s\u00e9rie GeForce RTX, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 pochybovat o tom, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tato technologie (v rozumn\u00e9 kombinaci s algoritmem rastraci) p\u0159edstavuje budoucnost po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch her. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b grafick\u00e9 procesory zalo\u017een\u00e9 na architektu\u0159e Turing se specializovan\u00fdmi RT j\u00e1dry byly a\u017e doned\u00e1vna pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za jedinou kategorii diskr\u00e9tn\u00edch GPU, kter\u00e1 disponuje vhodn\u00fdm v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm v\u00fdkonem.<\/p>\n

Jak uk\u00e1zaly testy prvn\u00edch her, kter\u00e9 osvojily Ray Tracing (Battlefield V, Metro Exodus a Shadow of the Tomb Raider), i grafick\u00e9 akceler\u00e1tory GeForce RTX (zejm\u00e9na ten nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, RTX 2060) vykazuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd pokles sn\u00edmkov\u00e9 frekvence p\u0159i hybridn\u00edm renderov\u00e1n\u00ed. Navzdory prvn\u00edm \u00fasp\u011bch\u016fm nelze technologie re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho \u010dasu s ray tracingem pova\u017eovat za zral\u00e9. Teprve a\u017e nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed a nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 grafick\u00e9 karty st\u0159edn\u00ed cenov\u00e9 kategorie dos\u00e1hnou p\u0159edchoz\u00edch standard\u016f v\u00fdkonu v nov\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch, bude mo\u017en\u00e9 prohl\u00e1sit, \u017ee zm\u011bna paradigmatu, kterou zah\u00e1jil Jensen Huang, se kone\u010dn\u011b uskute\u010dnila.<\/p>\n

\"Nov\u00fd<\/p>\n

Ray tracing na Pascalu \u2014 pro a proti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ale u\u017e nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e je\u0161t\u011b nebylo \u0159e\u010deno ani slovo o budouc\u00edm n\u00e1stupci architektury Turing, se NVIDIA rozhodla podpo\u0159it pokrok. Na akci GPU Technology Conference minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc t\u00fdm zelen\u00e9 barvy ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee akceler\u00e1tory na \u010dipech Pascal, jako\u017e i mlad\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 rodiny Turing (\u0159ada GeForce GTX 16) z\u00edskaj\u00ed funkci re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho \u010dasu ray tracingu na \u00farovni produkt\u016f zna\u010dky RTX. Dnes je sl\u00edben\u00fd ovlada\u010d ji\u017e k dispozici ke sta\u017een\u00ed na ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch NVIDIA a seznam za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zahrnuje modely rodiny GeForce 10, po\u010d\u00ednaje GeForce GTX 1060 (verze 6 GB), profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed akceler\u00e1tor TITAN V na \u010dipu Volta, a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nov\u00e9 modely st\u0159edn\u00ed cenov\u00e9 kategorie na \u010dipu TU116 \u2014 GeForce GTX 1660 a GTX 1660 Ti. Aktualizace se tak\u00e9 dotkla notebook\u016f s odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi GPU.<\/p>\n

Z technick\u00e9ho hlediska zde nen\u00ed nic nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9ho. Grafick\u00e9 procesory s unifikovan\u00fdmi shaderov\u00fdmi bloky mohly vykon\u00e1vat Ray Tracing d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem architektury Turing, i kdy\u017e v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nem\u011bly dostate\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon, aby byla tato mo\u017enost \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e1 v hr\u00e1ch. Krom\u011b toho chyb\u011bl jednotn\u00fd standard programov\u00fdch metod krom\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00fdch API, jako je propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed NVIDIA OptiX. Nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e existuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed DXR pro Direct3D 12 a podobn\u00e9 knihovny v programovac\u00edm rozhran\u00ed Vulkan, m\u016f\u017ee hern\u00ed engine k nim p\u0159istupovat bez ohledu na to, zda je grafick\u00fd procesor vybaven specializovanou logikou \u2014 sta\u010d\u00ed, aby ovlada\u010d tuto mo\u017enost poskytoval. \u010cipy Turing maj\u00ed pro tento \u00fa\u010del odd\u011blen\u00e1 RT-j\u00e1dra, a u GPU architektury Pascal a procesoru TU116 je ray tracing realizov\u00e1n ve form\u00e1tu v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f obecn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010delu na poli shaderov\u00fdch ALU.<\/p>\n

\"Nov\u00fd<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u0161echno, co v\u00edme o architektu\u0159e Turing podle samotn\u00e9 NVIDIA, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Pascal nen\u00ed vhodn\u00fd pro aplikace s podporou DXR. Na lo\u0148sk\u00e9 prezentaci zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na vlajkov\u00e9 lod\u011b rodiny Turing \u2014 GeForce RTX 2080 a RTX 2080 Ti \u2014 in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i p\u0159edlo\u017eili n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fadaje. Pokud by byly v\u0161echny zdroje nejlep\u0161\u00ed z spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fdch grafick\u00fdch karet minul\u00e9ho generace \u2014 GeForce GTX 1080 Ti \u2014 investov\u00e1ny do v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f ray tracingu, kone\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnost by nep\u0159ekro\u010dila 11 % z toho, co je teoreticky mo\u017en\u00e9 s RTX 2080 Ti. Nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee voln\u00e1 CUDA-j\u00e1dra \u010dipu Turing mohou b\u00fdt z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pro paraleln\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch komponent obrazu \u2014 vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed shaderov\u00fdch program\u016f, frontu negrafick\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f Direct3D p\u0159i asynchronn\u00edm vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n

\"Nov\u00fd<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dn\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch je situace slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nebo\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i na sou\u010dasn\u00e9m hardwaru selektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed funkce DXR, zat\u00edmco velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee st\u00e1le poch\u00e1z\u00ed z rastrov\u00e1n\u00ed a shaderov\u00fdch instrukc\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho \u010d\u00e1st r\u016fzn\u00fdch efekt\u016f vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch pomoc\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed paprsk\u016f se tak\u00e9 dob\u0159e vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 na CUDA j\u00e1drech \u010dip\u016f Pascal. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zrcadlov\u00e9 povrchy v Battlefield V neimplikuj\u00ed sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed odrazy paprsk\u016f, a tud\u00ed\u017e p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnutelnou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 grafick\u00e9 karty posledn\u00edch generac\u00ed. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro st\u00edny ve h\u0159e Shadow of the Tomb Raider, i kdy\u017e renderov\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch st\u00edn\u016f vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch n\u011bkolika zdroji sv\u011btla p\u0159edstavuje ji\u017e v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvu. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed v Metro Exodus se t\u011b\u017eko zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 i pro \u201eTuring\u201c a u Pascala nelze o\u010dek\u00e1vat v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m ohledu srovnateln\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n

A\u0165 se na to d\u00edv\u00e1me jakkoli, jde o mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v teoretick\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu mezi p\u0159edstaviteli architektury Turing a jejich nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edmi analogi\u00ed na k\u0159em\u00edku Pascal. P\u0159itom ve prosp\u011bch Turingu hraje nejen p\u0159\u00edtomnost RT jader, ale tak\u00e9 \u0159ada obecn\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch vylep\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou vlastn\u00ed akceler\u00e1tor\u016fm nov\u00e9 generace. \u010cipy Turing dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt operace paraleln\u011b na re\u00e1ln\u00fdch (FP32) a celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch (INT) datech, maj\u00ed vysokou kapacitu lok\u00e1ln\u00ed cache pam\u011bti a jednotliv\u00e1 CUDA j\u00e1dra pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost\u00ed (FP16). To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Turing nejen l\u00e9pe zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 shaderov\u00e9 programy, ale tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee relativn\u011b efektivn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt ray tracing bez specializovan\u00fdch blok\u016f. Nejde jen o to, \u017ee takto n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd rendering pomoc\u00ed Ray Tracingu zp\u016fsobuje hled\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk\u016f mezi paprsky a geometrick\u00fdmi prvky (co\u017e za\u0159izuj\u00ed RT j\u00e1dra), ale hlavn\u011b v\u00fdpo\u010det barvy v bod\u011b pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edku (shading). A mimochodem, uveden\u00e9 v\u00fdhody architektury Turing se pln\u011b t\u00fdkaj\u00ed GeForce GTX 1660 a GTX 1660 Ti, a\u010dkoli \u010dip TU116 nem\u00e1 RT j\u00e1dra, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee testy t\u011bchto grafick\u00fdch karet s programov\u00fdm ray tracingem p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed z\u00e1jem.<\/p>\n

Ale dost teorie, proto\u017ee jsme ji\u017e shrom\u00e1\u017edili data o v\u00fdkonu \u201ePascala\u201c (a tak\u00e9 ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u201eTuring\u016f\u201c) v Battlefield V, Metro Exodus a Shadow of the Tomb Raider na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastn\u00edch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. V\u0161imn\u011bte si, \u017ee ani ovlada\u010d, ani samotn\u00e9 hry neupravuj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed paprsk\u016f, aby sn\u00ed\u017eily z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na GPU bez RT jader, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kvalita efekt\u016f na GeForce GTX a GeForce RTX by m\u011bla b\u00fdt stejn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Testovac\u00ed stanice, metodika testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Testovac\u00ed stanice<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
CPU<\/td>\nIntel Core i9-9900K (4,9 GHz, 4,8 GHz v AVX, fixn\u00ed frekvence)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed deska<\/td>\nASUS MAXIMUS XI APEX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Opera\u010dn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165<\/td>\nG.Skill Trident Z RGB F4-3200C14D-16GTZR, 2 x 8 GB (3200 MHz, CL14)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SSD<\/td>\nIntel SSD 760p, 1024 GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroj<\/td>\nCorsair AX1200i, 1200 W<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Syst\u00e9m chlazen\u00ed CPU<\/td>\nCorsair Hydro Series H115i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Korpus<\/td>\nCoolerMaster Test Bench V1.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Monitor<\/td>\nNEC EA244UHD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/td>\nWindows 10 Pro x64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Software pro GPU NVIDIA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 20<\/td>\nNVIDIA GeForce Game Ready Driver 419.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 10\/16<\/td>\nNVIDIA GeForce Game Ready Driver 425.31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hern\u00ed testy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Hra<\/td>\nAPI<\/td>\nNastaven\u00ed, metoda testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\nCeloplo\u0161n\u00e9 vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1920 \u00d7 1080 \/ 2560 \u00d7 1440<\/td>\n3840 \u00d7 2160<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Battlefield V<\/td>\nDirectX 12<\/td>\nOCAT, mise Liberte. Max. kvalita grafiky<\/td>\nTAA Vysok\u00fd<\/td>\nTAA Vysok\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Metro Exodus<\/td>\nDirectX 12<\/td>\nVestav\u011bn\u00fd benchmark. Profil kvality grafiky Ultra<\/td>\nTAA<\/td>\nTAA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Shadow of the Tomb Raider<\/td>\nDirectX 12<\/td>\nVestav\u011bn\u00fd benchmark. Max. kvalita grafiky<\/td>\nSMAA 4x<\/td>\nVypnuto.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hodnoty pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00edmkov\u00e9 frekvence jsou vyvozeny z pole \u010das\u016f vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f, kter\u00e9 zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 vestav\u011bn\u00fd benchmark (Metro Exodus, Shadow of the Tomb Raider) nebo n\u00e1stroj OCAT, pokud ve h\u0159e nen\u00ed (Battlefield V).<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 sn\u00edmkov\u00e1 frekvence na grafech je obr\u00e1cenou hodnotou pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho \u010dasu sn\u00edmku. Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det minim\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00edmkov\u00e9 frekvence se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 po\u010det sn\u00edmk\u016f vygenerovan\u00fdch v ka\u017ed\u00e9 sekund\u011b testu. Z tohoto pole \u010d\u00edsel je vybr\u00e1na hodnota odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed 1. percentilu rozd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

V testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu se zapojily n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed grafick\u00e9 karty:<\/p>\n