{"id":32209,"date":"2019-10-31T21:45:40","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:45:40","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:45:40","slug":"10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/10-sposobov-sekonomit-na-it-infrastrukture-dlya-vseh","title":{"rendered":"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Byl to rok 2013. P\u0159i\u0161el jsem pracovat do jedn\u00e9 ze spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyv\u00edj\u00ed software pro jednotlivce. \u0158\u00edkali mi r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci, ale nejm\u00e9n\u011b jsem o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee uvid\u00edm to, co jsem vid\u011bl: 32 nevyu\u017eit\u00fdch virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f na tehdy je\u0161t\u011b nesnesiteln\u011b drah\u00e9m VDS, t\u0159i \u201evoln\u00e9\u201c licence Photoshopu, 2 Corel licence, placen\u00fd a nevyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v\u00fdkon IP telefonie a dal\u0161\u00ed drobnosti. V prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci jsem sn\u00ed\u017eil n\u00e1klady na infrastrukturu o 230 tis\u00edc rubl\u016f, ve druh\u00e9m t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o 150 (tis\u00edc), pak hrdinstv\u00ed skon\u010dilo, za\u010daly optimalizace a nakonec jsme u\u0161et\u0159ili p\u016fl milionu za p\u016fl roku.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161e zku\u0161enost n\u00e1s inspirovala a za\u010dali jsme hledat nov\u00e9 cesty k \u00faspor\u00e1m. Nyn\u00ed pracuji jinde (uhodn\u011bte kde), tak\u017ee s \u010dist\u00fdm sv\u011bdom\u00edm mohu sd\u00edlet sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti se sv\u011btem. A vy se pod\u011blte, poj\u010fme ud\u011blat IT infrastrukturu levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed! <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/448926\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/c44c59082dda557becbab13cc18c6c9d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>\u201ePosledn\u00ed kousek tkaniny byl str\u017een z va\u0161ich n\u00e1klad\u016f na servery, licence, IT aktiva a outsourcing,\u201c - bru\u010del finan\u010dn\u00ed \u0159editel a po\u017eadoval pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/i><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>1. Bu\u010fte otravn\u00ed \u2014 pl\u00e1nujte a rozpo\u010dtujte.<\/h2>\n<p>\nPl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu IT prost\u0159ed\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti je pon\u011bkud nudn\u00e9, a jeho schvalov\u00e1n\u00ed je m\u00edsty dokonce nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Ale samotn\u00e1 existence rozpo\u010dtu v\u00e1s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezvratn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm n\u00e1klad\u016f na rozvoj hardwarov\u00e9ho a softwarov\u00e9ho parku (i kdy\u017e se mohou konat \u010dtvrtletn\u00ed optimalizace, tam se d\u00e1 obh\u00e1jit sv\u00e9 pozice).<\/li>\n<li>nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edho \u0159editele nebo \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed v dob\u011b n\u00e1kupu nebo pron\u00e1jmu nov\u00e9ho prvku infrastruktury.<\/li>\n<li>hn\u011bvem vedouc\u00edho kv\u016fli nepl\u00e1novan\u00fdm v\u00fddaj\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nRozpo\u010det by se m\u011bl vytv\u00e1\u0159et nejen ve velk\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech \u2014 doslova v jak\u00fdchkoli. Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bte po\u017eadavky na software a hardware ze v\u0161ech odd\u011blen\u00ed, vypo\u010d\u00edtejte pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 kapacity, zva\u017ete dynamiku zm\u011bn v po\u010dtu zam\u011bstnanc\u016f (nap\u0159. pokud m\u00e1te call centrum nebo podporu, kter\u00e1 se zvy\u0161uje v sez\u00f3n\u011b a sni\u017euje v klidn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed), zd\u016fvodn\u011bte v\u00fddaje a vypracujte rozpo\u010dtov\u00fd pl\u00e1n s rozd\u011blen\u00edm podle obdob\u00ed (ide\u00e1ln\u011b podle m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f). T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem budete p\u0159esn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bt, kolik pen\u011bz z\u00edsk\u00e1te pro sv\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fakoly a optimalizujete n\u00e1klady. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/9910d2f9a572d52f6eff0b7607ffbfb0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>2. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte rozpo\u010det spr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/h2>\n<p>\nJakmile je rozpo\u010det schv\u00e1len a podeps\u00e1n, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se pekeln\u00e1 poku\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159erozd\u011blovat n\u00e1klady a nap\u0159\u00edklad investovat cel\u00fd rozpo\u010det do drah\u00e9ho serveru, na kter\u00e9m lze nasadit cel\u00fd DevOps s monitorov\u00e1n\u00edm a br\u00e1nami \ud83d\ude42 V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se m\u016f\u017eete ocitnout v re\u017eimu nedostatku zdroj\u016f pro ostatn\u00ed \u00fakoly a z\u00edskat p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu. Proto se v\u017edy orientujte pouze na skute\u010dn\u00e9 pot\u0159eby a obchodn\u00ed \u00fakoly, pro jejich\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed zdroje. <\/p>\n<h2>3. Modernizujte servery v\u010das<\/h2>\n<p>\nZastaral\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 servery, stejn\u011b jako virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed, nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed organizaci \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos \u2014 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky v oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti, rychlosti a inteligence. Vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1te v\u00edce \u010dasu, energie a pen\u011bz na kompenzaci chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed funk\u010dnosti, na odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u00e1platy pro zrychlen\u00ed. Proto aktualizujte sv\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed zdroje \u2014 m\u016f\u017eete to ud\u011blat u\u017e te\u010f v r\u00e1mci na\u0161\u00ed akce. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/turbo_vps\">\u201eTurbo VPS\u201c<\/a><\/noindex>, ceny se neboj\u00ed zve\u0159ejnit na Habr. <\/p>\n<p>Mimochodem, n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t jsem se setkal se situacemi, kdy byl fyzick\u00fd server v kancel\u00e1\u0159i zcela neopodstatn\u011bn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm: v\u011bt\u0161ina mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch firem m\u016f\u017ee vy\u0159e\u0161it v\u0161echny \u00fakoly na virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch zdroj\u00edch a u\u0161et\u0159it spoustu pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/63373f6edc11b4b673a957eba74591fc.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>4. Optimalizujte pr\u00e1ci b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>\nNau\u010dte v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 u\u017eivatele \u0161et\u0159it elekt\u0159inou a pou\u017e\u00edvat infrastrukturu \u0161etrn\u011b. Zde jsou p\u0159\u00edklady typick\u00e9ho p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed na u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 stran\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Instalace zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed podle principu \u201epro cel\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed\u201c \u2014 u\u017eivatel\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed o instalaci softwaru jako u souseda, proto\u017ee je to pot\u0159eba, nebo se jednodu\u0161e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dost typu \u201e7 licenc\u00ed Photoshop pro designov\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed\u201c. P\u0159itom v designov\u00e9m odd\u011blen\u00ed pracuj\u00ed na Photoshopu \u010dty\u0159i, a ostatn\u00ed t\u0159i \u2014 kod\u00e9\u0159i, a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed to jednou za p\u016fl roku. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je lep\u0161\u00ed zakoupit 4 licence a 1-2 \u00fakoly ro\u010dn\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161it s pomoc\u00ed koleg\u016f. Ale \u010dasto se takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vyskytuje s kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm softwarem (zejm\u00e9na bal\u00ed\u010dkem MS Office, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed naprosto v\u0161ichni v pln\u00e9m rozsahu). Ve skute\u010dnosti m\u016f\u017ee drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina zam\u011bstnanc\u016f vysta\u010dit s open source editory nebo praktick\u00fdmi Google Docs. <\/li>\n<li>U\u017eivatel\u00e9 zab\u00edraj\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed zdroje a systematicky vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00fd pronajat\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad testova\u010di r\u00e1di vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje a zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed je alespo\u0148 vypnout, toho se ne\u0161t\u00edt\u00ed ani v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i. Recept je jednoduch\u00fd: kdy\u017e odch\u00e1z\u00edte, vypn\u011bte v\u0161echny \ud83d\ude42<\/li>\n<li>U\u017eivatel\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed servery spole\u010dnosti jako glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b: nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed fotografie (ve form\u00e1tu RAW), videa, uploaduj\u00ed gigabyty hudby, nejv\u00edce zap\u00e1len\u00ed mohou dokonce vytvo\u0159it mal\u00fd hern\u00ed server na pracovn\u00edch zdroj\u00edch (takov\u00e9 jsme kritizovali na firemn\u00edm port\u00e1lu v humorn\u00e9 form\u011b \u2013 opravdu to fungovalo skv\u011ble).<\/li>\n<li>Draz\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci v\u0161ech smysl\u016f nos\u00ed do pr\u00e1ce pir\u00e1tsk\u00fd software, a tak p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed pokuty, probl\u00e9my s polici\u00ed a dodavateli. Pracujte s p\u0159\u00edstupy a politikami, proto\u017ee p\u0159ece jen nosit budou, i kdy\u017e budete pron\u00e1\u0161et dojemn\u00e9 projevy v firemn\u00ed j\u00eddeln\u011b a ps\u00e1t motiva\u010dn\u00ed plak\u00e1ty. <\/li>\n<li>U\u017eivatel\u00e9 se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo \u017e\u00e1dat jak\u00fdkoliv pohodln\u00fd n\u00e1stroj. Tak jsem m\u011bl ve sv\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu pron\u00e1jmy Trello, Asana, Wrike, Basecamp a Bitrix24. Proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd projektov\u00fd mana\u017eer vyb\u00edral pro sv\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed pohodln\u00fd nebo obvykl\u00fd produkt. V\u00fdsledkem bylo 5 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na podpo\u0159e, 5 r\u016fzn\u00fdch cen, 5 faktur, 5 r\u016fzn\u00fdch marketingov\u00fdch platforem a lad\u011bn\u00ed atd. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 integrace, unifikace a komplexn\u00ed automatizace \u2013 sam\u00e9 cerebr\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Nakonec jsem po domluv\u011b s gener\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159editelem zav\u0159el obchody, vybral Asanu, pomohl migrovat data a s\u00e1m pro\u0161kolil ne\u00faprosn\u00e9 kolegy a docela dob\u0159e u\u0161et\u0159il, v\u010detn\u011b s\u00edly a nerv\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV z\u00e1sad\u011b se domluvte s u\u017eivateli, \u0161kolte je, prov\u00e1d\u011bjte vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed akce a sna\u017ete se usnadnit pr\u00e1ci sob\u011b i jim. Nakonec v\u00e1m budou vd\u011b\u010dn\u00ed za po\u0159\u00e1dek ve v\u011bcech, a \u0159editel\u00e9 za sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f. A snad jste, moji draz\u00ed prof\u00edci z Habra, zaznamenali, \u017ee \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed uveden\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Za to pat\u0159\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00edky administr\u00e1torovi (s\u00e1m sebe nepochv\u00e1l\u00ed\u0161\u2026).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/b69d186b2be480d39634e6626024de7a.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>5. Kombinujte cloudov\u00e1 a desktopov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>\nObecn\u011b, vych\u00e1zeje z toho, \u017ee pracuji u poskytovatele hostingu a na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku m\u00e1m chu\u0165 v\u00e1m vypr\u00e1v\u011bt o skv\u011bl\u00e9 akci na servery pro firmy v\u0161ech velikost\u00ed, m\u011bl bych m\u00e1vat vlajkou a k\u0159i\u010det \"V\u0161ichni do cloudu!\". Ale t\u00edm bych se provinil proti sv\u00e9 in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 kvalifikaci a vypadal jako marketingov\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk. Proto v\u00e1s vyz\u00fdv\u00e1m, abyste k ot\u00e1zce p\u0159istupovali rozumn\u011b a kombinovali cloudov\u00e1 a desktopov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad si m\u016f\u017eete pronajmout cloudov\u00fd CRM syst\u00e9m jako slu\u017ebu (SaaS), a ten podle bro\u017eury stoj\u00ed 1000 K\u010d na u\u017eivatele m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b \u2014 to jsou sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pen\u00edze (nebudu se zab\u00fdvat implementac\u00ed, o tom u\u017e se psalo na Habru). Tak\u017ee za t\u0159i roky za 10 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f utrat\u00edte 360 000 K\u010d, za 4 \u2014 480 000, za 5 \u2014 600 000 atd. P\u0159itom si m\u016f\u017eete implementovat desktopovou CRM, zaplatit konkuren\u010dn\u00ed licence (+100 k \u00faspo\u0159e) p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b za 250 tis\u00edc K\u010d a spravovat ji jako Photoshop. N\u011bkdy je zisk v obdob\u00ed 2-5 let opravdu ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/6811c336422c639046c65d521d2ecb42.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Naopak, cloudov\u00e9 technologie v\u00e1m \u010dasto umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed \u0161et\u0159it na hardware, platech in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f, ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch ochrany dat (ale rozhodn\u011b na nich ne\u0161et\u0159ete!), \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed. Cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby se snadno p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed a odpojuj\u00ed, n\u00e1klady na cloud nepadnou do kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f firmy \u2014 celkov\u011b je mnoho v\u00fdhod. Zvolte cloudov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kdy je to opodstatn\u011bn\u00e9 z hlediska \u0161k\u00e1lovatelnosti, rychlosti a flexibility. <\/p>\n<p>Po\u010d\u00edtejte, kombinujte a vyb\u00edrejte v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 kombinace \u2014 ned\u00e1m v\u00e1m univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed recept, v\u0161echny jsou specifick\u00e9 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed: n\u011bkdo se zcela vzd\u00e1v\u00e1 cloud\u016f, n\u011bkdo na cloudech stav\u00ed cel\u00e9 sv\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Mimochodem, nikdy se nevzd\u00e1vejte aktualizac\u00ed softwaru (ani placen\u00fdch) \u2014 obvykle v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i aplika\u010dn\u00edho softwaru pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a funk\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze.<\/p>\n<p>A je\u0161t\u011b jedno pravidlo pro software: zbavte se star\u00e9ho softwaru, kter\u00fd p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b, ne\u017e spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 na \u00fadr\u017ebu a podporu. Na trhu u\u017e ur\u010dit\u011b existuje alternativa.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Vyhn\u011bte se duplikaci softwaru<\/h2>\n<p>\nU\u017e jsem hovo\u0159il o p\u011bti syst\u00e9mech spr\u00e1vy projekt\u016f v m\u00e9 IT zoologick\u00e9 zahrad\u011b, ale vy\u010dlen\u00edm to do samostatn\u00e9ho bodu. Pokud jste se vzdali ur\u010dit\u00e9ho softwaru a vybrali jste nov\u00fd, nezapome\u0148te p\u0159estat platit za star\u00fd, a pokud jste na\u0161li nov\u00e9 hostingov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, ukon\u010dete smlouvu se star\u00fdm poskytovatelem, pokud nem\u00e1te speci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fvody. Sledujte profily vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru zam\u011bstnanci a zbavte se nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho a duplicitn\u00edho softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je, kdy\u017e m\u00e1te syst\u00e9m monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdzy nainstalovan\u00e9ho softwaru \u2014 tak budete m\u00edt p\u0159ehled o pracovn\u00edch duplik\u00e1tech a probl\u00e9mech automaticky. Mimochodem, takov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce pom\u00e1h\u00e1 spole\u010dnosti vyhnout se duplicit\u011b a opakov\u00e1n\u00ed dat \u2014 n\u011bkdy hled\u00e1n\u00ed toho, kdo ud\u011blal chybu, zabere p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10 zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak u\u0161et\u0159it na IT infrastruktu\u0159e pro v\u0161echny\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/94b86dd9009c2a40d446e9e00d0e7415.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>7. Upravte aplika\u010dn\u00ed infrastrukturu a periferie <\/h2>\n<p>\nKdo se v\u016fbec zab\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u011bmito spot\u0159ebn\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly: kazetami, flashkami, pap\u00edrem, nab\u00edje\u010dkami, UPS a dal\u0161\u00edmi disky a trubkami. A to je \u0161koda. Za\u010dn\u011bte s pap\u00edrem a tisk\u00e1rnami \u2014 analyzujte profily tisku a vytvo\u0159te s\u00ed\u0165 tisk\u00e1ren nebo MFP s ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem, p\u0159ekvap\u00ed v\u00e1s, kolik pap\u00edru a kazet u\u0161et\u0159\u00edte a jak se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1klady na tisk jednoho listu. A ne, to nen\u00ed \u0161krta\u0159stv\u00ed, to je optimalizace d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho procesu. Nikdo nebr\u00e1n\u00ed tisku semin\u00e1rn\u00edch prac\u00ed a refer\u00e1t\u016f na kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 technice, ale tisk knih, kter\u00e9 je \u0161koda koupit nebo na kter\u00e9 se nechce d\u00edvat na obrazovce, to je u\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161. <\/p>\n<p>D\u00e1le \u2014 v\u017edy m\u011bjte z\u00e1sobu spot\u0159ebn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd nakupujete od dodavatel\u016f se slevou, abyste v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b technick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f nemuseli kupovat za p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 ceny v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm technick\u00e9m obchod\u011b. Sledujte amortizaci a opot\u0159eben\u00ed, vedete evidenci a vytv\u00e1\u0159ejte n\u00e1hradn\u00ed fond \u2014 mimochodem, nen\u00ed \u0161patn\u00e9 m\u00edt n\u00e1hradn\u00ed fond i pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159skou techniku. Jen proto, \u017ee za prostoje v pr\u00e1ci v\u00e1s nepochv\u00e1l\u00ed, to je tak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ta pen\u011bz, zejm\u00e9na v obchodn\u00edch a servisn\u00edch spole\u010dnostech.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jde o aplikovanou infrastrukturu, existuj\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed polo\u017eky n\u00e1klad\u016f: internet a komunikace. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru poskytovatele se zam\u011b\u0159te na bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e1 nab\u00eddky, \u010dt\u011bte pozn\u00e1mky u tarif\u016f, v\u011bnujte pozornost kvalit\u011b spojen\u00ed a SLA. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed administr\u00e1to\u0159i se rozhodnou to ne\u0159e\u0161it a zakoup\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad IP telefonii v bal\u00ed\u010dku s placenou virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed PBX, na kterou se tak\u00e9 uzav\u00edr\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edplatn\u00e9. Neodhazujte p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, kupujte pouze data a nau\u010dte se pracovat s Asteriskem \u2014 je to nejlep\u0161\u00ed ze v\u0161eho, co bylo v oblasti PBX vytvo\u0159eno a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro obchodn\u00ed \u00fakoly mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch podnik\u016f (pokud m\u00e1te \u0161ikovn\u00e9 ruce).<\/p>\n<h2>8. Dokumentujte a vytv\u00e1\u0159ejte pokyny pro zam\u011bstnance<\/h2>\n<p>\nTo je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a m\u011blo by to b\u00fdt. Za prv\u00e9, usnadn\u00edte si pr\u00e1ci, za druh\u00e9, adaptace nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016f bude bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e1. Nakonec sami budete v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee va\u0161e infrastruktura je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, celistv\u00e1 a v dobr\u00e9m stavu. Sestavujte bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pokyny, kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 manu\u00e1ly pro u\u017eivatele, FAQ, popisujte pravidla a normy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 techniky. Fyzicky existuj\u00edc\u00ed pokyn je mnohem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e slova, na n\u011bj se v\u017edy m\u016f\u017eete odvolat. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017eete zas\u00edlat odkaz na dokument p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 relevantn\u00ed ot\u00e1zce a neakceptovat argument \u201eNebyl jsem varov\u00e1n\u201c. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem v\u00fdznamn\u011b u\u0161et\u0159\u00edte na odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Vyu\u017e\u00edvejte slu\u017eby outsourcer\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>\nI kdy\u017e m\u00e1te ve spole\u010dnosti cel\u00fd IT t\u00fdm nebo naopak malou infrastrukturu, nen\u00ed hanbou vyu\u017e\u00edvat slu\u017eby outsourcer\u016f. Pro\u010d nez\u00edskat slu\u017eby skv\u011bl\u00fdch profesion\u00e1l\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se specializuj\u00ed na n\u011bco slo\u017eit\u00e9ho, za m\u00e1lo pen\u011bz, tedy ani\u017e byste museli kupovat takov\u00e9ho specialistu do stavu? P\u0159ed\u00e1vejte na outsourcing \u010d\u00e1st DevOps, spr\u00e1vu tisku, administraci zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho webu, pokud takov\u00fd m\u00e1te, podporu a call centrum. Va\u0161e hodnota t\u00edm nesn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, naopak, z\u00edsk\u00e1te dodate\u010dnou odbornost v oblasti kontakt\u016f se t\u0159et\u00edmi dodavateli.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud v\u00e1\u0161 nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd pova\u017euje outsourcing za drah\u00fd, jednodu\u0161e mu vysv\u011btlete, kolik bude muset zaplatit vyhrazen\u00e9mu specialistovi. Opravu to funguje.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Nezapl\u00e9tejte se do open source a vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdvoje<\/h2>\n<p>\nJsem in\u017een\u00fdr, b\u00fdval\u00fd v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 a pevn\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b open source zachra\u0148uje sv\u011bt \u2014 jak\u00e9 hodnoty maj\u00ed knihovny, monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my, syst\u00e9my pro spr\u00e1vu server\u016f atd. Pokud v\u0161ak va\u0161e firma rozhodne koupit open source CRM, ERP, ECM atd. nebo \u0161\u00e9f na sch\u016fzce k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00edte vytvo\u0159it sv\u016fj billing na kolen\u011b, zachra\u0148te lo\u010f, jde na \u00fates. Zde jsou argumenty, na kter\u00fdch byste m\u011bli st\u00e1t p\u0159ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nad\u0161en\u00e9ho vedouc\u00edho se z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fdma o\u010dima:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>open source je \u0161patn\u011b podporov\u00e1no, pokud jde o ve\u0159ejn\u00fd repozit\u00e1\u0159, nebo je velmi drah\u00e9 na \u00fadr\u017ebu, pokud jde o open source od firem (DB, kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky atd.) \u2014 budete platit doslova za ka\u017ed\u00fd dotaz, po\u017eadavek a tiket;<\/li>\n<li>intern\u00ed specialista pro nasazen\u00ed intern\u00edho open source produktu bude velmi drah\u00fd kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 jedine\u010dnosti;<\/li>\n<li>vylep\u0161en\u00ed open source mohou b\u00fdt zna\u010dn\u011b omezeny znalostmi, dovednostmi nebo dokonce licencov\u00e1n\u00edm;<\/li>\n<li>s open source se velmi dlouho neza\u010dnete a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slo\u017eit\u011b ho p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00edte sv\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm proces\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nStoj\u00ed za to \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj je velmi \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd a drah\u00fd proces? Z vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m, \u017ee na funguj\u00edc\u00ed prototyp, kter\u00fd spl\u0148uje obchodn\u00ed po\u017eadavky a umo\u017e\u0148uje v n\u011bm pracovat u\u017eivatel\u016fm, pot\u0159ebujete od t\u0159\u00ed let. A to v\u0161e, pokud m\u00e1te dobrou skupinu program\u00e1tor\u016f (platy si m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout na 'M\u00e9m kruhu' \u2014 z\u00e1v\u011bry se nab\u00edzej\u00ed samy).<\/p>\n<p>Tak budu ban\u00e1ln\u00ed a zopakuji se: porovn\u00e1vejte v\u0161echny mo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee shrnu kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry, abych se ujistil, \u017ee jsem nic nezapomn\u011bl:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>po\u010d\u00edtejte pen\u00edze \u2014 porovn\u00e1vejte r\u016fzn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, zva\u017eujte faktory, srovn\u00e1vejte;<\/li>\n<li>usilujte o zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby \u00fadr\u017eby a \u0161kolen\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f, sni\u017eujte riziko 'nekompetentn\u00edho z\u00e1sahu';<\/li>\n<li>sna\u017ete se konsolidovat a integrovat technologie \u2014 \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e1 architektura a pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 automatizace to vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed; <\/li>\n<li>investujte do rozvoje IT, ne\u017eijte se zastaral\u00fdmi technologiemi \u2014 ty v\u00e1m vysaj\u00ed pen\u00edze;<\/li>\n<li>porovnejte popt\u00e1vku a spot\u0159ebu IT zdroj\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nM\u016f\u017eete se zeptat \u2014 a pro\u010d \u0161et\u0159it ciz\u00ed pen\u00edze, kdy\u017e firma plat\u00ed? Logick\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka! Ale va\u0161e schopnost optimalizovat n\u00e1klady a efektivn\u011b \u0159\u00eddit IT aktiva je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm va\u0161e zku\u0161enost a va\u0161e charakteristika jako profesion\u00e1la. V\u0161ichni um\u00edme ud\u011blat z\u00e1zrak z dostupn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p>\nV <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/turbo_vps\/\">RUVDS jednodu\u0161e WOW akce<\/a><\/noindex> jako skv\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro aktualizaci virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch kapacit. P\u0159ij\u010fte, pod\u00edvejte se, vyb\u00edrejte \u2013 do 30. dubna zb\u00fdv\u00e1 u\u017e jen m\u00e1lo \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<p>Pro ostatn\u00ed \u2013 tradi\u010dn\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub#order\">sleva<\/a><\/noindex> za 10% s promo k\u00f3dem habrahabr10.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/448926\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b 2013 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u042f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b: 32 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c VDS, \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00bb \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 Photoshop, 2 Corel, \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c IP-\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438. \u0412 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":24036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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