{"id":33073,"date":"2019-10-31T21:50:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-rabotaet-blokirovka-dostupa-k-stranitsam-rasprostranyayushhim-zapreshhennyj-kontent-teper-rkn-proveryaet-i-poiskoviki\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:50:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:35","slug":"kak-rabotaet-blokirovka-dostupa-k-stranitsam-rasprostranyayushhim-zapreshhennyj-kontent-teper-rkn-proveryaet-i-poiskoviki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-rabotaet-blokirovka-dostupa-k-stranitsam-rasprostranyayushhim-zapreshhennyj-kontent-teper-rkn-proveryaet-i-poiskoviki","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguje blokace p\u0159\u00edstupu na str\u00e1nky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah (nyn\u00ed RKN kontroluje i vyhled\u00e1va\u010de)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrahabr.ru\/company\/cloud4y\/blog\/347964\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak funguje blokace p\u0159\u00edstupu na str\u00e1nky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah (nyn\u00ed RKN kontroluje i vyhled\u00e1va\u010de)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/ebde45e6db873a913ec334d16f2ca236.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e p\u0159ejdeme k popisu syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu oper\u00e1tory mobiln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, je t\u0159eba zm\u00ednit, \u017ee nyn\u00ed se Rusk\u00e1 feder\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eba pro dohled nad komunikac\u00ed, informa\u010dn\u00edmi technologiemi a hromadn\u00fdmi sd\u011blen\u00edmi (Roskomnadzor) ujme tak\u00e9 kontroly nad \u010dinnost\u00ed vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f. <\/p>\n<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku byl schv\u00e1len po\u0159\u00e1dek kontroly a seznam opat\u0159en\u00ed pro dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f na ukon\u010den\u00ed poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o internetov\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup je omezen na \u00fazem\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 federace.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/publication.pravo.gov.ru\/Document\/View\/0001201801160014\">P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkaz<\/a><\/noindex> Roskomnadzoru ze 7. listopadu 2017 \u010d. 229 byl zaregistrov\u00e1n na Ministerstvu spravedlnosti Ruska.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkaz byl p\u0159ijat v r\u00e1mci realizace ustanoven\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku 15.8 feder\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1kona \u010d. 149-FZ ze dne 27.07.2006 \"O informac\u00edch, informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00edch a ochran\u011b informac\u00ed\", kter\u00fd stanovuje <b>povinnosti pro vlastn\u00edky VPN slu\u017eeb, \"anonymiz\u00e1tor\u016f\" a oper\u00e1tory vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f v oblasti omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k informac\u00edm<\/b>, jejich\u017e \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed je v Rusku zak\u00e1z\u00e1no.<\/p>\n<p>Kontroln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v m\u00edst\u011b p\u016fsoben\u00ed org\u00e1nu kontroly bez interakce s oper\u00e1tory vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak funguje blokace p\u0159\u00edstupu na str\u00e1nky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah (nyn\u00ed RKN kontroluje i vyhled\u00e1va\u010de)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/112eb8b85d9ece46b03ab037d6e5fa11.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se ch\u00e1pe jako st\u00e1tn\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m informa\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f informa\u010dn\u011b-telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup je omezen.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u010dinnosti se sestavuje protokol, kter\u00fd obsahuje mimo jin\u00e9 informace o softwaru pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9m k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto fakt\u016f, stejn\u011b jako \u00fadaje potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed str\u00e1nka (str\u00e1nky) webu byla v dob\u011b kontroly v\u00edce ne\u017e 24 hodin sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Protokol je zas\u00edl\u00e1n oper\u00e1torovi vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nesouhlasu s protokolem m\u016f\u017ee oper\u00e1tor ve lh\u016ft\u011b t\u0159\u00ed pracovn\u00edch dn\u016f p\u0159edlo\u017eit sv\u00e9 n\u00e1mitky Roskomnadzoru, kter\u00fd tak\u00e9 projedn\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1mitky do t\u0159\u00ed pracovn\u00edch dn\u016f. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f projedn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1mitek oper\u00e1tora p\u0159ijme vedouc\u00ed kontroln\u00edho org\u00e1nu nebo jeho z\u00e1stupce rozhodnut\u00ed o zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o spr\u00e1vn\u00edm deliktu.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak je nyn\u00ed zorganizov\u00e1n syst\u00e9m filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu pro oper\u00e1tory mobiln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>\nV Rusku plat\u00ed \u0159ada z\u00e1kon\u016f, kter\u00e9 ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed oper\u00e1tor\u016fm s\u00edt\u00ed povinnost filtrovat p\u0159\u00edstup na str\u00e1nky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 126 \u201eO komunikaci\u201c, novela v \u010dl\u00e1nku 46 \u2014 o povinnosti oper\u00e1tora omezit p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm (FSEM).<\/li>\n<li>\u201eJednotn\u00fd registr\u201c \u2014 usnesen\u00ed Rady vl\u00e1dy RF ze dne 26. \u0159\u00edjna 2012 \u010d. 1101 \u201eO jednotn\u00edm automatizovan\u00e9m informa\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu 'Jednotn\u00fd registr dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen, ukazatel\u016f str\u00e1nek web\u016f v informa\u010dn\u011b-telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti 'Internet' a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch adres, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed identifikaci web\u016f v informa\u010dn\u011b-telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edti 'Internet', obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch informace, jejich\u017e \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed je v Rusk\u00e9 federaci zak\u00e1z\u00e1no\u201c<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 436 \u201eO ochran\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed\u2026\u201c, kategorizace dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 3 \u201eO policii\u201c, \u010dl\u00e1nek 13, odst. 12 \u2014 o odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a podm\u00ednek, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k realizaci ohro\u017een\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti ob\u010dan\u016f a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 187 \u201eO zm\u011bn\u00e1ch v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch aktech RF t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se ochrany du\u0161evn\u00edch pr\u00e1v v informa\u010dn\u011b-telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch\u201c (\u201eantipiratsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u201c).<\/li>\n<li>Pln\u011bn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed soudn\u00edch instanc\u00ed a pokyn\u016f prokuratury.<\/li>\n<li>Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon ze dne 28. 7. 2012 \u010d. 139-FZ \u201eO zm\u011bn\u00e1ch feder\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1kona 'O ochran\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ed informacemi, kter\u00e9 mohou po\u0161kodit jejich zdrav\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj', a n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch aktech Rusk\u00e9 federace\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon ze dne 27. \u010dervence 2006 \u010d. 149-FZ \u201eO informac\u00edch, informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00edch a o ochran\u011b informac\u00ed\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPo\u017eadavky od Roskomnadzoru na blokaci obsahuj\u00ed aktualizovan\u00fd seznam po\u017eadavk\u016f poskytovatele, ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00e1pis z takov\u00e9ho po\u017eadavku obsahuje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>typ registru, podle kter\u00e9ho se omezen\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>\u010dasov\u00fd okam\u017eik, od kter\u00e9ho vznik\u00e1 pot\u0159eba omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu;<\/li>\n<li>typ nal\u00e9havosti reagov\u00e1n\u00ed (b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 nal\u00e9havost \u2013 do jednoho dne, vysok\u00e1 nal\u00e9havost \u2013 okam\u017eit\u00e9 reagov\u00e1n\u00ed);<\/li>\n<li>typ blokov\u00e1n\u00ed registru (podle URL nebo podle dom\u00e9nov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na);<\/li>\n<li>hash k\u00f3d registru (m\u011bn\u00ed se p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b obsahu z\u00e1pisu);<\/li>\n<li>\u00fadaje o rozhodnut\u00ed o pot\u0159eb\u011b omezit p\u0159\u00edstup;<\/li>\n<li>jeden nebo v\u00edce ukazatel\u016f str\u00e1nek web\u016f, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup by m\u011bl b\u00fdt omezen (ne nutn\u011b);<\/li>\n<li>jedno nebo v\u00edce dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen (nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9);<\/li>\n<li>jednu nebo n\u011bkolik IP adres (nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9);<\/li>\n<li>jednu nebo n\u011bkolik ip pods\u00edt\u00ed (nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPro efektivn\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed provozovatel\u016fm byla vytvo\u0159ena \u201eInforma\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m interakce Roskomnadzoru s poskytovateli slu\u017eeb\u201c. Je um\u00edst\u011bn spolu s pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi akty, instrukcemi a pozn\u00e1mkami pro provozovatele na specializovan\u00e9m port\u00e1lu:<\/p>\n<p><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/vigruzki.rkn.gov.ru\/\">vigruzki.rkn.gov.ru<\/a><\/noindex><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ze sv\u00e9 strany, pro kontrolu poskytovatel\u016f slu\u017eeb Roskomnadzor za\u010dal vyd\u00e1vat klienta AS \u201eRevizor\u201c. N\u00ed\u017ee je trochu o funk\u010dnosti agenta.<\/p>\n<p>Algoritmus prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kontroly dostupnosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho URL agentem. P\u0159i kontrole agent mus\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ur\u010dit IP adresy, na kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no kontrolovan\u00e9ho webu (dom\u00e9ny), nebo pou\u017e\u00edt IP <b>adresy poskytnut\u00e9 ve v\u00fdstupu<\/b>;<\/li>\n<li>pro ka\u017edou IP adresu z\u00edskanou od DNS server\u016f prov\u00e9st HTTP po\u017eadavek kontrolovan\u00e9ho URL. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee z kontrolovan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky obdr\u017e\u00ed HTTP p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, agent by m\u011bl zkontrolovat URL, na kter\u00e9 se p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed. Podporuje se minim\u00e1ln\u011b 5 po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch HTTP p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st HTTP po\u017eadavek (nen\u00ed stanoven TCP spojen\u00ed), agent by m\u011bl vyvodit z\u00e1v\u011br o blokaci IP adresy jako celku;<\/li>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho HTTP po\u017eadavku by agent m\u011bl zkontrolovat obdr\u017eenou odpov\u011b\u010f kontrolovan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky podle k\u00f3du HTTP odpov\u011bdi, HTTP hlavi\u010dek, HTTP obsahu (prvn\u00ed obdr\u017een\u00e1 data o velikosti a\u017e 10 kB). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b shody obdr\u017een\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi s vytvo\u0159en\u00fdmi v CU \u0161ablonami str\u00e1nek s v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fdm upozorn\u011bn\u00edm <b>by m\u011bl b\u00fdt vyvozen z\u00e1v\u011br o blokaci kontrolovan\u00e9ho URL<\/b>;<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kontroly URL, agent by m\u011bl prov\u00e9st kontrolu ustanoven\u00ed \u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed a ozna\u010dit zdroj;<\/li>\n<li>v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee z\u00edskan\u00e1 data Agenta se neshoduj\u00ed se \u0161ablonami str\u00e1nek-z\u00e1lo\u017eek nebo d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch p\u0159esm\u011brovac\u00edch str\u00e1nek, kter\u00e9 informuj\u00ed o blokaci zdroje, mus\u00ed Agent dosp\u011bt k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee URL na SDP oper\u00e1tora nebude blokov\u00e1n. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se informace o datech (HTTP odpov\u011bdi), kter\u00e9 Agent z\u00edskal, zapisuj\u00ed do zpr\u00e1vy (souboru protokolu kontroly). Administr\u00e1tor syst\u00e9mu m\u00e1 mo\u017enost vytvo\u0159it z t\u00e9to polo\u017eky \u0161ablonu nov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky-z\u00e1lo\u017eky, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo dal\u0161\u00edm myln\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm o absenci blokace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Seznam toho, co mus\u00ed Agent zajistit<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kontakt s CU pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9ho seznamu URL a re\u017eim\u016f blokace, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba otestovat;<\/li>\n<li>kontakt s CU pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed dat o kontroln\u00edch re\u017eimech. Podporovan\u00e9 re\u017eimy: pln\u00e1 jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 kontrola, pln\u00e1 periodick\u00e1 s dan\u00fdm intervalem, vzorkov\u00e1 jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 s u\u017eivatelsky zadan\u00fdm seznamem URL, periodick\u00e1 s dan\u00fdm intervalem kontrola seznamu URL (ur\u010dit\u00e9ho typu z\u00e1znam\u016f ER);<\/li>\n<li>pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ve vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zadan\u00fdch kontroln\u00edch procedur podle dostupn\u00e9ho seznamu URL, pokud nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat seznam URL z CU, a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f kontrol s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm na CU;<\/li>\n<li>\u00fapln\u00e9 proveden\u00ed zadan\u00fdch kontroln\u00edch procedur podle dostupn\u00fdch seznam\u016f URL, pokud nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat informace o kontroln\u00edch re\u017eimech z CU, a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f kontroly s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm na CU;<\/li>\n<li>uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed kontroly v\u00fdsledk\u016f blokace v souladu se stanoven\u00fdm re\u017eimem;<\/li>\n<li>odesl\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o proveden\u00e9 kontrole na CU (soubor protokolu kontroly);<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost kontroly funk\u010dnosti SDP oper\u00e1tora, t.j. kontrola dostupnosti seznamu zjevn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch str\u00e1nek;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost prov\u00e1d\u011bt kontrolu v\u00fdsledk\u016f blokace pomoc\u00ed proxy serveru;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho aktualizov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed diagnostick\u00fdch procedur na SDP (d\u00e9lka odezvy, cesta pr\u016fchodu paket\u016f, rychlost stahov\u00e1n\u00ed soubor\u016f z extern\u00edho zdroje, ur\u010den\u00ed IP adres pro dom\u00e9nov\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, rychlost p\u0159\u00edjmu informac\u00ed v opa\u010dn\u00e9m komunika\u010dn\u00edm kan\u00e1lu ve veden\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch, koeficient ztr\u00e1t paket\u016f, pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 doba zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu paket\u016f);<\/li>\n<li>v\u00fdkon testov\u00e1n\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b 10 URL za sekundu za p\u0159edpokladu dostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost opakovan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu agenta k zdroji (a\u017e 20kr\u00e1t), s m\u011bnitelnou periodicitou od 1 kr\u00e1t za sekundu a\u017e po 1 kr\u00e1t za minutu;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho po\u0159ad\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f seznamu, kter\u00fd se p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 k testov\u00e1n\u00ed, a nastaven\u00ed priority pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed str\u00e1nku webu na internetu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Obecn\u011b struktura vypad\u00e1 takto:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak funguje blokace p\u0159\u00edstupu na str\u00e1nky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah (nyn\u00ed RKN kontroluje i vyhled\u00e1va\u010de)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/929921c5bf30752239ab83a721a4dcd8.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Softwarov\u00e1 a softwarov\u011b-hardwarov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed internetov\u00e9ho provozu (DPI \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed) umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed oper\u00e1tor\u016fm blokovat provoz od u\u017eivatel\u016f na str\u00e1nky ze seznamu RKN. Kontroluje, zda je blokuj\u00ed nebo ne, klient A\u0421 Revizor. Automaticky zkontroluje dostupnost webu podle seznamu RKN.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad protokolu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed je k dispozici <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nag.ru\/upload\/article-files\/20161108-0001monitoring_protocol_15.pdf\">na odkazu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>V lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce Roskomnadzor za\u010dal testovat \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro blokaci, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee oper\u00e1tor aplikovat pro realizaci tohoto sch\u00e9matu. Uvedu citaci z v\u00fdsledk\u016f takov\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201ePozitivn\u00ed posudek Roskomnadzoru obdr\u017eela specializovan\u00e1 softwarov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u201eUBIC\u201c, \u201eEcoFilter\u201c, \u201e\u0421\u041a\u0410\u0422 DPI\u201c, \u201e\u0422\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u043d-\u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u201c, \u201eSkyDNS Zapret ISP\u201c a \u201eCarbon Reductor DPI\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u00e9 bylo obdr\u017eeno vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed Roskomnadzoru potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed softwaru \u201eZapretService\u201c oper\u00e1tory komunikace jako prost\u0159edku k omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k zak\u00e1zan\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm na internetu. V\u00fdsledky testov\u00e1n\u00ed uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee p\u0159i instalaci podle doporu\u010den\u00e9ho sch\u00e9matu p\u0159ipojen\u00ed \u201ev rozporu\u201c a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m nastaven\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b oper\u00e1tora komunikace nep\u0159ekra\u010duje po\u010det zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch poru\u0161en\u00ed v Jednotn\u00e9m registru zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch informac\u00ed 0,02%.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee oper\u00e1tor\u016fm komunikace byla d\u00e1na mo\u017enost vybrat si nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k zak\u00e1zan\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm, v\u010detn\u011b z nab\u00eddky softwarov\u00fdch produkt\u016f, kter\u00e9 obdr\u017eely pozitivn\u00ed posudek Roskomnadzoru.<\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwarov\u00e9ho produktu IdecoSelecta ISP n\u011bkter\u00fdm oper\u00e1tor\u016fm kv\u016fli dlouh\u00e9 procedu\u0159e jeho nasazen\u00ed a nastaven\u00ed nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 zah\u00e1jit testy ve stanoven\u00fdch lh\u016ft\u00e1ch. U v\u00edce ne\u017e poloviny oper\u00e1tor\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se na testov\u00e1n\u00ed pod\u00edleli, nep\u0159es\u00e1hl term\u00edn testovac\u00edho provozu Ideco Selecta ISP t\u00fdden. Vzhledem k mal\u00e9mu objemu z\u00edskan\u00fdch statistick\u00fdch dat a mal\u00e9mu po\u010dtu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed uvedl Roskomnadzor ve sv\u00e9m ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 u\u010dinit jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry o \u00fa\u010dinnosti produktu \u201eIdeco Selecta ISP\u201c jako prost\u0159edku omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k zak\u00e1zan\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm na internetu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Dopln\u00edm, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho softwarov\u00e9ho produktu se \u00fa\u010dastnilo a\u017e 27 telekomunika\u010dn\u00edch oper\u00e1tor\u016f s r\u016fzn\u00fdm po\u010dtem p\u0159edplatitel\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch feder\u00e1ln\u00edch okruh\u016f Rusk\u00e9 federace.<\/p>\n<p>S ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmi z\u00e1v\u011bry z v\u00fdsledk\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed se lze sezn\u00e1mit <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rkn.gov.ru\/communication\/p922\/\">zde<\/a><\/noindex>. V t\u011bchto z\u00e1v\u011brech je prakticky nulov\u00e9 technick\u00e9 informace. O produktu \u201eIdeco Selecta ISP\u201c si lze p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst, abyste v\u011bd\u011bli, jak to nem\u00e1 vypadat.<\/p>\n<p>Tento rok testov\u00e1n\u00ed bude pokra\u010dovat a podle novinek Roskomnadzoru bylo u\u017e vybr\u00e1no jedno produkt a dal\u0161\u00ed 2 jsou v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1nech.<\/p>\n<h3>Co kdy\u017e do\u0161lo k blokaci omylem?<\/h3>\n<p>\nNa z\u00e1v\u011br bych cht\u011bl p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee Roskomnadzor \u201ese nem\u00fdl\u00ed\u201c, co\u017e potvrzuje \u00dastavn\u00ed soud. <\/p>\n<p><i>Rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prakticky osvobozuje Roskomnadzor od odpov\u011bdnosti za chybn\u00e9 blokov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, bylo p\u0159ijato v r\u00e1mci projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti v \u00daS od \u0159editele asociace internetov\u00fdch vydavatel\u016f Vladimira Charitonova. V n\u00ed se uv\u00e1d\u011blo, \u017ee v prosinci 2012 Roskomnadzor omylem zablokoval jeho internetovou knihovnu digital-books.ru. Jak vysv\u011btloval pan Charitonov, jeho zdroj byl na stejn\u00e9 IP adrese jako port\u00e1l rastamantales(.)ru (nyn\u00ed rastamantales(.)com), kter\u00fd byl p\u016fvodn\u00edm objektem blokace. Vladimir Charitonov se pokusil soudn\u011b napadnout rozhodnut\u00ed Roskomnadzoru, ale v \u010dervnu 2013 Tagansk\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud potvrdil z\u00e1konnost blokov\u00e1n\u00ed, a v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2013 toto rozhodnut\u00ed potvrdil Moskevsk\u00fd m\u011bstsk\u00fd soud.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Odtud:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>V Roskomnadzoru prohl\u00e1sili, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00edm \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu byli spokojeni. \u201e\u00dastavn\u00ed soud potvrdil, \u017ee Roskomnadzor dodr\u017euje z\u00e1kon. Pokud oper\u00e1tor nem\u00e1 technickou mo\u017enost omezit p\u0159\u00edstup k ur\u010dit\u00e9 str\u00e1nce webu, a nikoli k jeho s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 adrese, je to odpov\u011bdnost oper\u00e1tora,\u201c \u0159ekl pro \u201e\u042a\u201c tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nTato ot\u00e1zka je tak\u00e9 aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pro cloudov\u00e9 poskytovatele a hostingov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, nebo\u0165 podobn\u00e9 incidenty se s nimi tak\u00e9 st\u00e1valy. V \u010dervnu 2016 byl v Rusku zablokov\u00e1n cloudov\u00fd servis Amazon S3, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e do registru byla na \u017e\u00e1dost Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby zanesena pouze str\u00e1nka pokrov\u00e9ho klubu 888poker, kter\u00e1 byla na jeho platform\u011b. Blokace cel\u00e9ho zdroje byla spojena pr\u00e1v\u011b s t\u00edm, \u017ee Amazon S3 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zabezpe\u010den\u00fd protokol https, kter\u00fd neumo\u017e\u0148uje blokovat jednotliv\u00e9 str\u00e1nky. A\u017e pot\u00e9, co Amazon s\u00e1m odstranil str\u00e1nku, k n\u00ed\u017e m\u011bly rusk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady n\u00e1mitky, byl zdroj z registru vy\u0159azen.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/cloud4y\/blog\/347964\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e 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