{"id":33222,"date":"2019-10-31T21:51:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:51:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/10-check-point-getting-started-r80-20-identity-awareness\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:51:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:51:25","slug":"10-check-point-getting-started-r80-20-identity-awareness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/10-check-point-getting-started-r80-20-identity-awareness","title":{"rendered":"10. Check Point Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me s R80.20. Identitn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"10. Check Point Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me s R80.20. Identitn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/d02cb12971142bfe4ca1cb67c6466a95.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV\u00edtejte na jubilejn\u00edm \u2014 10. lekci. Dnes budeme hovo\u0159it o dal\u0161\u00edm bled\u011b Check Point \u2014 <b>Identitn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed<\/b>. Ji\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku, p\u0159i popisu NGFW, jsme definovali, \u017ee je nezbytn\u00e9 m\u00edt mo\u017enost regulovat p\u0159\u00edstup na z\u00e1klad\u011b u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, nikoli IP adres. To je prim\u00e1rn\u011b spojeno se zv\u00fd\u0161enou mobilitou u\u017eivatel\u016f a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm modelu BYOD \u2014 p\u0159ineste si sv\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Ve spole\u010dnosti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt spousta lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed p\u0159es Wi-Fi, z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed dynamick\u00e9 IP a nav\u00edc z r\u016fzn\u00fdch segment\u016f s\u00edt\u011b. Sestavit p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9 seznamy na z\u00e1klad\u011b IP adres by bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Zde se bez identifikace u\u017eivatel\u016f neobejdeme. A pr\u00e1v\u011b bled\u011b Identitn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed n\u00e1m s t\u00edm pom\u016f\u017ee.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Ale nejprve se pod\u00edvejme, k \u010demu se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 identifikace u\u017eivatel\u016f?<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>K omezen\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu na z\u00e1klad\u011b u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, nikoli IP adres. P\u0159\u00edstup m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt regulov\u00e1n jak k internetu, tak i do jak\u00fdchkoli jin\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch segment\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad DMZ.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edstup na <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"34\">VPN<\/a>. Souhlas\u00edte, \u017ee je pro u\u017eivatele mnohem pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat sv\u016fj dom\u00e9nov\u00fd \u00fa\u010det pro autorizaci, ne\u017e vym\u00fd\u0161let dal\u0161\u00ed heslo.<\/li>\n<li>Pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Check Pointu je tak\u00e9 nutn\u00fd u\u017eivatelsk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>A nejp\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st \u2014 Reportov\u00e1n\u00ed. Je mnohem p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vid\u011bt v reportech konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed u\u017eivatele, ne\u017e jejich IP adresy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nP\u0159itom Check Point podporuje dva typy u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Intern\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9<\/b>. U\u017eivatel je vytvo\u0159en v m\u00edstn\u00ed datab\u00e1zi serveru pro spr\u00e1vu.<\/li>\n<li><b>Extern\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9<\/b>. Jako extern\u00ed u\u017eivatelskou datab\u00e1zi m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit Microsoft Active Directory nebo jak\u00fdkoli jin\u00fd LDAP server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nDnes budeme hovo\u0159it o s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu. Pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu, za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti Active Directory, se jako objekt (source nebo destination) pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 takzvan\u00e1 <b>P\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 role<\/b>, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edt t\u0159i parametry u\u017eivatele:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>S\u00ed\u0165<\/b> \u2014 tj. s\u00ed\u0165, ze kter\u00e9 se u\u017eivatel pokou\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipojit<\/li>\n<li><b>AD u\u017eivatel nebo u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 skupina<\/b> \u2014 tato data se vytahuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo ze serveru AD<\/li>\n<li><b>Stroj<\/b> \u2014 pracovn\u00ed stanice.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nP\u0159itom identifikace u\u017eivatel\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedena n\u011bkolika zp\u016fsoby:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Dotaz AD<\/b>. Check Point \u010dte logy AD serveru ohledn\u011b autentizovan\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f a jejich IP adres. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00e9 jsou v AD dom\u00e9n\u011b, jsou automaticky identifikov\u00e1ny.<\/li>\n<li><b>Autentizace p\u0159es prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d<\/b>. Identifikace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de (Captive Portal nebo Transparent Kerberos). Nej\u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nejsou v dom\u00e9n\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><b>Termin\u00e1lov\u00e9 servery<\/b>. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je identifikace prov\u00e1d\u011bna pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho termin\u00e1lov\u00e9ho agenta (instaluje se na termin\u00e1lov\u00fd server).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nto jsou t\u0159i nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianty, ale existuj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Identitn\u00ed agenty<\/b>. Na po\u010d\u00edta\u010de u\u017eivatel\u016f se instaluje speci\u00e1ln\u00ed agent.<\/li>\n<li><b>Identitn\u00ed sb\u011bratel<\/b>. Samostatn\u00e1 utilita, kter\u00e1 se instaluje na Windows Server a shroma\u017e\u010fuje logy autentizace m\u00edsto br\u00e1ny. Fakticky nezbytn\u00e1 varianta p\u0159i velk\u00e9m po\u010dtu u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><b>RADIUS \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed<\/b>. A kam bychom se dostali bez star\u00e9ho dobr\u00e9ho RADIUS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV t\u00e9to lekci uk\u00e1\u017eu druhou variantu \u2014 autentizaci p\u0159es prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee teorie sta\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159ejd\u011bme u\u017e k praxi.<\/p>\n<h3>Video lekce<\/h3>\n<p>\n<center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"Ud0i8rHEoJ0\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/Ud0i8rHEoJ0\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Z\u016fsta\u0148te nalad\u011bni na dal\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159ipojte se k na\u0161emu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCKOESE8nBWQPuQmi994_YMA\">YouTube kan\u00e1lu<\/a><\/noindex> \ud83d\ude42<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/tssolution\/blog\/450526\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u2014 10-\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a. \u0418 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0435 Check Point \u2014 Identity Awareness. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 NGFW, \u043c\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":24959,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/10-check-point-getting-started-r80-20-identity-awareness\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd4710. 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