{"id":33659,"date":"2019-10-31T21:53:59","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/predstavlen-novyj-klass-uyazvimostej-v-protsessorah-intel\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:53:59","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:53:59","slug":"predstavlen-novyj-klass-uyazvimostej-v-protsessorah-intel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-novyj-klass-uyazvimostej-v-protsessorah-intel","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edstaven nov\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda zranitelnost\u00ed v procesorech Intel","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Intel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/security-center\/advisory\/intel-sa-00233.html\">publikovala<\/a><\/noindex> informace o nov\u00e9m <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/mds.html\">druhu zranitelnost\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> v jejich procesorech &#8212; <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mdsattacks.com\/\">MDS<\/a><\/noindex> (Microarchitectural Data Sampling). Stejn\u011b jako p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u00fatoky t\u0159\u00eddy Spectre mohou nov\u00e9 probl\u00e9my v\u00e9st k \u00faniku citliv\u00fdch dat opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f a ciz\u00edch proces\u016f. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee probl\u00e9my byly nejprve odhaleny zam\u011bstnanci a partnery spole\u010dnosti Intel b\u011bhem intern\u00edho auditu, po \u010dem\u017e byla informace o podobn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mech ve spole\u010dnosti Intel p\u0159ed\u00e1na nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky. Procesory AMD a ARM t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem nejsou posti\u017eeny.<\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b odhalen\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky z Technick\u00e9 univerzity Graz (Rakousko) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpu.fail\/\">bylo vyvinuto<\/a><\/noindex> n\u011bkolik praktick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm bo\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/zombieloadattack.com\/\">ZombieLoad<\/a><\/noindex>  (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/zombieloadattack.com\/zombieload.pdf\">PDF<\/a><\/noindex>) &#8212; umo\u017e\u0148uje extrakci citliv\u00fdch informac\u00ed z jin\u00fdch proces\u016f, opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch enclave (TEE, Trusted Execution Environment). Nap\u0159\u00edklad byla demonstrov\u00e1na mo\u017enost zjistit historii otev\u0159en\u00ed str\u00e1nek v Tor browseru, spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9m v jin\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji, stejn\u011b jako ur\u010den\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v aplikac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f a hesel;\n<p><center><br \/>\n<video controls=\"\" style=\"width: 720px; max-width:100%\" poster=\"https:\/\/zombieloadattack.com\/public\/images\/demo.jpg\"  src=\"https:\/\/zombieloadattack.com\/public\/videos\/demo_720.mp4\"><source src=\"https:\/\/zombieloadattack.com\/public\/videos\/demo_720.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\" label=\"720p\"><\/video><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mdsattacks.com\/\">RIDL<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mdsattacks.com\/files\/ridl.pdf\">PDF<\/a><\/noindex>) &#8212; umo\u017e\u0148uje uspo\u0159\u00e1dat \u00fanik informac\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi izolovan\u00fdmi oblastmi v procesorech Intel, jako jsou vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti, pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 bufry a porty na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edklady proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku byly uk\u00e1z\u00e1ny pro organizaci \u00fanik\u016f z jin\u00fdch proces\u016f, opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch enclave. Nap\u0159\u00edklad bylo uk\u00e1z\u00e1no, jak zjistit obsah hashe hesla root z \/etc\/shadow p\u0159i periodick\u00fdch pokusech o autentizaci (\u00fatok trval 24 hodin);\n<p><center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"JXPebaGY8RA\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/JXPebaGY8RA\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho byl p\u0159edveden p\u0159\u00edklad \u00fatoku pomoc\u00ed JavaScript a WebAssembly p\u0159i otev\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9 str\u00e1nky v enginu SpiderMonkey (v modern\u00edch plnohodnotn\u00fdch prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u00edch je takov\u00fd \u00fatok nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd kv\u016fli omezen\u00ed p\u0159esnosti \u010dasova\u010de a opat\u0159en\u00edm proti Spectre);<\/p>\n<p><center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"KAgoDQmod1Y\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/KAgoDQmod1Y\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mdsattacks.com\/\">Fallout<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/mdsattacks.com\/files\/fallout.pdf\">PDF<\/a><\/noindex>) &#8212; d\u00e1v\u00e1 mo\u017enost \u010d\u00edst data ned\u00e1vno zapsan\u00e1 opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem a ur\u010dovat rozlo\u017een\u00ed pam\u011bti OS pro usnadn\u011bn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fatok\u016f;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpu.fail\/store_to_leak_forwarding.pdf\">Store-To-Leak Forwarding<\/a><\/noindex> &#8212; vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 optimalizace CPU pro pr\u00e1ci s pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdm bufferem a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eita k obch\u00e1zen\u00ed mechanismu randomizace adresov\u00e9ho prostoru j\u00e1dra (KASLR), pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu nebo pro <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cyberus-technology.de\/posts\/2019-05-14-zombieload.html\">organizaci<\/a><\/noindex> \u00faniky v kombinaci s gadgety na b\u00e1zi metod Spectre.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Byly odhaleny <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/software.intel.com\/security-software-guidance\/software-guidance\/microarchitectural-data-sampling\">zranitelnosti<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2018-12126 &#8212; MSBDS (Microarchitectural Store Buffer Data Sampling), obnoven\u00ed obsahu pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch buffer\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v \u00fatoku Fallout. Stupe\u0148 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed byl stanoven na 6.5 bod\u016f (CVSS);\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2018-12127 &#8212; MLPDS (Microarchitectural Load Port Data Sampling), obnoven\u00ed obsahu na\u010d\u00edtac\u00edch port\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v \u00fatoku RIDL. CVSS 6.5;\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2018-12130 &#8212; MFBDS (Microarchitectural Fill Buffer Data Sampling), obnoven\u00ed obsahu vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edch pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch buffer\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v \u00fatoc\u00edch ZombieLoad a RIDL. CVSS 6.5;\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2019-11091 &#8212; MDSUM (Microarchitectural Data Sampling Uncacheable Memory), obnoven\u00ed obsahu nekaskulovateln\u00e9 pam\u011bti. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v \u00fatoku RIDL. CVSS 3.8.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/software.intel.com\/security-software-guidance\/insights\/deep-dive-intel-analysis-microarchitectural-data-sampling\">Podstata<\/a><\/noindex> Existuj\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9my v mo\u017enosti aplikace metod anal\u00fdzy p\u0159es vedlej\u0161\u00ed kan\u00e1ly na data v mikroarchitektonick\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ch, k nim\u017e aplikace nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Mluv\u00edme o takov\u00fdch n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ch, jako jsou vypl\u0148ovac\u00ed buffery (Line Fill Buffer), \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 buffery (Store Buffer) a na\u010d\u00edtac\u00ed porty (Load Port), kter\u00e9 jsou men\u0161\u00edmi komponenty ne\u017e vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 prvn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b (L1D), vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed dat (RDCL) nebo L1TF (L1 Terminal Fault), a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem obsahuj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b informac\u00ed a jsou intenzivn\u011bji aktualizov\u00e1ny.<br \/>\n<center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u0159edstaven nov\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda zranitelnost\u00ed v procesorech Intel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/205ff034e070b8b057f01c02d6381c2a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u00datoky p\u0159es vedlej\u0161\u00ed kan\u00e1ly na mikroarchitektonick\u00e9 struktury jsou podstatn\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na proveden\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s metodami obnovy obsahu cache a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdzu zna\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed dat k ur\u010den\u00ed jejich vztahu k ur\u010dit\u00fdm adres\u00e1m v pam\u011bti (v podstat\u011b \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk nem\u016f\u017ee c\u00edlen\u011b zachytit ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00fadaje, ale m\u016f\u017ee po del\u0161\u00ed dobu shroma\u017e\u010fovat \u00faniky a pou\u017e\u00edvat statistick\u00e9 metody k rekonstrukci ur\u010dit\u00fdch typ\u016f dat). Krom\u011b toho \u00fatok zasahuje pouze do dat na stejn\u00e9m fyzick\u00e9m j\u00e1dru CPU jako k\u00f3d \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka.<\/p>\n<p>Navr\u017een\u00e9 metody ur\u010den\u00ed obsahu mikroarchitektonick\u00fdch struktur se zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed na tom, \u017ee tyto struktury jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny b\u011bhem spekula\u010dn\u00edho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimek (fault) nebo operac\u00ed na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed.<br \/>\nP\u0159i spekula\u010dn\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed je obsah vnit\u0159n\u00edch struktur p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n k zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v registrech nebo cache. Spekula\u010dn\u00ed operace nedokon\u010duj\u00ed a v\u00fdsledek je zahoden, ale p\u0159esm\u011brovan\u00fd obsah lze ur\u010dit metodami anal\u00fdzy cache p\u0159es vedlej\u0161\u00ed kan\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed porty se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed procesorem k z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat z pam\u011bti nebo subsyst\u00e9mu vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto informac\u00ed do registr\u016f CPU. V d\u016fsledku specifik implementace z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed data ze star\u0161\u00edch operac\u00ed na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed v portech, dokud nejsou p\u0159eps\u00e1na nov\u00fdmi daty, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 ur\u010den\u00ed stavu dat v z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edm portu pomoc\u00ed manipulac\u00ed s v\u00fdjimkami (fault) a instrukcemi SSE\/AVX\/AVX-512, kter\u00e9 na\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 64 bit\u016f dat. V takov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch operace na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed spekulativn\u011b osv\u011btluj\u00ed zastaral\u00e9 hodnoty dat z vnit\u0159n\u00edch struktur v z\u00e1visl\u00fdch operac\u00edch. Podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00faniku p\u0159es vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k urychlen\u00ed z\u00e1pisu do mezipam\u011bti CPU a zahrnuje tabulku adres, hodnot a p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159es vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 vypln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 obsahuje data, kter\u00e1 zat\u00edm nejsou v mezipam\u011bti L1 (cache-miss), po dobu jejich na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed z mezipam\u011bt\u00ed jin\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/pics_base\/0_1557869220.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"P\u0159edstaven nov\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda zranitelnost\u00ed v procesorech Intel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/1f8bf290cd6ecbec5a5f17cc3103010d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/engineering-new-protections-into-hardware.html\">ovliv\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> procesorov\u00e9 modely Intel, vyd\u00e1van\u00e9 od roku 2011 (od 6. generace). P\u0159itom jsou hardwarov\u00e9 zranitelnosti blokov\u00e1ny od ur\u010dit\u00fdch model\u016f 8. a 9. generace Intel Core a 2. generace Intel Xeon Scalable (lze ov\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed bitu ARCH_CAP_MDS_NO v MSR IA32_ARCH_CAPABILITIES). Zranitelnosti jsou ji\u017e tak\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/mds.html\">odstran\u011bny<\/a><\/noindex> na \u00farovni firmwaru, mikrok\u00f3du a opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Podle odhad\u016f Intel ztr\u00e1ta v\u00fdkonu po aktivaci opravy pro v\u011bt\u0161inu u\u017eivatel\u016f <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/mds.html\">nep\u0159esahuje<\/a><\/noindex> 3 %. P\u0159i deaktivaci technologie Hyper-Threading m\u016f\u017ee pokles v\u00fdkonu dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e 9 % u testu SPECint_rate_base, a\u017e 11 % p\u0159i aktivn\u00edch celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech a a\u017e 19 % p\u0159i provozu serverov\u00fdch Java aplikac\u00ed (p\u0159i zapnut\u00e9m HT je pokles v\u00fdkonu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nesignifikantn\u00ed). Opravy prakticky nemaj\u00ed vliv na v\u00fdkon operac\u00ed spojen\u00fdch se vstupem\/v\u00fdstupem.<\/p>\n<p>V j\u00e1dru Linuxu existuje ochrana proti MDS <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=fa4bff165070dc40a3de35b78e4f8da8e8d85ec5\">byla p\u0159id\u00e1na<\/a><\/noindex> v dne\u0161n\u00edch <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/\">aktualizac\u00edch<\/a><\/noindex>  \t5.1.2, 5.0.16,<br \/>\n4.19.43, 4.14.119 a 4.9.176. Metoda ochrany <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/x86\/mds.html#mds\">je zalo\u017eena<\/a><\/noindex> na vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed obsahu mikroarchitektonick\u00fdch vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edch pam\u011bt\u00ed v okam\u017eiku n\u00e1vratu z j\u00e1dra do u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho prostoru nebo p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly hostitelsk\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu, k \u010demu\u017e se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 instrukce VERW. Pro funkci t\u00e9to ochrany je nutn\u00e1 podpora re\u017eimu MD_CLEAR, implementovan\u00e9ho v nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aktualizaci mikrok\u00f3du. Pro \u00faplnou ochranu se tak\u00e9 doporu\u010duje deaktivovat Hyper Threading. Pro kontrolu zranitelnosti syst\u00e9mu v j\u00e1dru Linux. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/admin-guide\/hw-vuln\/mds.html\">p\u0159id\u00e1n<\/a><\/noindex> zpracovatel &#171; \/sys\/devices\/system\/cpu\/vulnerabilities\/mds &#187;. Pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed aktivace r\u016fzn\u00fdch re\u017eim\u016f blokov\u00e1n\u00ed zranitelnosti byl do j\u00e1dra p\u0159id\u00e1n parametr &#171; mds= &#187;, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edmat hodnoty &#171; full &#187;, &#171; full,nosmt &#187; (vypnut\u00ed Hyper-Threading), &#171; vmwerv &#187; a &#171; off &#187;.<\/p>\n<p> Aktualizace bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f ji\u017e byly vyd\u00e1ny pro <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-12127\">RHEL<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/people.canonical.com\/~ubuntu-security\/cve\/2018\/CVE-2018-12127.html\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, ale zat\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nedostupn\u00e9 pro <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2018-12130\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/bodhi.fedoraproject.org\/updates\/?releases=F30&#038;type=security\">Fedora<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.suse.com\/security\/cve\/CVE-2018-12127\/\">SUSE<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\nOprava pro blokov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fanik\u016f dat z virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f tak\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/xenbits.xen.org\/xsa\/advisory-297.html\">vytvo\u0159eno<\/a><\/noindex> pro hypervizor Xen. Pro ochranu syst\u00e9m\u016f virtualizace, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz L1D_FLUSH p\u0159ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jin\u00e9mu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmu stroji, a pro ochranu enclaves Intel SGX sta\u010d\u00ed aktualizace mikroprogramu.  <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50684\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Intel \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 &#8212; MDS (Microarchitectural Data Sampling). \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 Spectre \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0447\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u0423\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0451\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Intel \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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