{"id":33708,"date":"2019-10-31T21:54:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:54:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:54:17","slug":"uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","title":{"rendered":"Zranitelnost Exchange: jak odhalit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na administra\u010dn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 dom\u00e9ny","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Detekovan\u00e1 v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce zranitelnost v Exchange<\/a><\/noindex> umo\u017e\u0148uje jak\u00e9mukoli u\u017eivateli dom\u00e9ny z\u00edskat pr\u00e1va administr\u00e1tora dom\u00e9ny a ohrozit Active Directory (AD) a dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00e9 hostitele. Dnes v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017eeme, jak tato \u00fatok funguje a jak ji odhalit. <\/p>\n

\"Zranitelnost
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n Takto funguje tento \u00fatok:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk z\u00edsk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup k \u00fa\u010dtu jak\u00e9hokoli u\u017eivatele dom\u00e9ny s aktivn\u00ed e-mailovou schr\u00e1nkou, aby se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil na funkci push-notifikac\u00ed od Exchange.<\/li>\n
  2. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 NTLM relay k podvodu serveru Exchange: v\u00fdsledek je, \u017ee server Exchange se p\u0159ipoj\u00ed k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di kompromitovan\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele pomoc\u00ed metody NTLM over HTTP, kterou pot\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k p\u0159echodu p\u0159es autentiza\u010dn\u00ed proceduru na ovl\u00e1dac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu dle LDAP s \u00fadaji o \u00fa\u010dtu Exchange.<\/li>\n
  3. Nakonec \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tyto pravomoce \u00fa\u010dtu Exchange k zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00fdch privilegi\u00ed. Tento posledn\u00ed krok m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 proveden administr\u00e1torem, kter\u00fd ji\u017e m\u00e1 leg\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, a m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st pot\u0159ebnou zm\u011bnu pr\u00e1v. Vytvo\u0159en\u00edm pravidla pro detekci t\u00e9to aktivity se ochr\u00e1n\u00edte p\u0159ed t\u00edmto a podobn\u00fdmi \u00fatoky.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nN\u00e1sledn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk nap\u0159\u00edklad spustit DCSync, aby z\u00edskal hashovan\u00e9 hesla v\u0161ech u\u017eivatel\u016f dom\u00e9ny. To mu umo\u017en\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy \u00fatok\u016f \u2014 od \u00fatok\u016f s golden ticket po p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed hashe.<\/p>\n

    V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm Varonis podrobn\u011b prozkoumal tento vektor \u00fatoku a p\u0159ipravil p\u0159\u00edru\u010dku pro na\u0161e klienty, aby ho odhalili a zkontrolovali, zda ji\u017e byli kompromitov\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n

    Detekce zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed privilegi\u00ed v dom\u00e9n\u011b<\/b><\/h2>\n

    \nV DatAlert<\/a><\/noindex> vytvo\u0159te vlastn\u00ed pravidlo pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn ur\u010dit\u00fdch opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na objektu. To se spust\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v a opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na zaj\u00edmav\u00fd objekt v dom\u00e9n\u011b:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Zadejte n\u00e1zev pravidla<\/li>\n
    2. Nastavte kategorii na 'Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed privilegi\u00ed' <\/li>\n
    3. Nastavte hodnotu pro typ zdroje 'V\u0161echny typy zdroj\u016f' <\/li>\n
    4. Souborn\u00fd server = DirectoryServices <\/li>\n
    5. Zadejte dom\u00e9nu, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s zaj\u00edm\u00e1, nap\u0159\u00edklad podle n\u00e1zvu <\/li>\n
    6. P\u0159idejte filtr pro p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na objektu AD <\/li>\n
    7. A nezapome\u0148te nechat vypnutou mo\u017enost 'Prohled\u00e1vat v pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch objektech' <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \n\"Zranitelnost
      \n<\/p>\n

      A nyn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va: odhalen\u00ed zm\u011bny pr\u00e1v na objektu dom\u00e9ny <\/b><\/h2>\n

      \nZm\u011bny opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na objektu AD jsou pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, a proto je t\u0159eba vy\u0161et\u0159it v\u0161e, co zp\u016fsobilo toto upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 by bylo dobr\u00e9 otestovat vzhled a obsah zpr\u00e1vy p\u0159ed nasazen\u00edm samotn\u00e9ho pravidla.<\/p>\n

      Tato zpr\u00e1va tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1\u017ee, zda jste ji\u017e byli touto \u00fatokem kompromitov\u00e1ni:<\/p>\n

      \"Zranitelnost
      \n
      \nPo aktivaci pravidla m\u016f\u017eete vy\u0161et\u0159it v\u0161echna ostatn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed webov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed DatAlert:<\/p>\n

      \"Zranitelnost
      \n
      \nPo nastaven\u00ed tohoto pravidla budete moci sledovat a chr\u00e1nit se p\u0159ed t\u011bmito a podobn\u00fdmi typy zranitelnost\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, vy\u0161et\u0159ovat ud\u00e1losti s objekty adres\u00e1\u0159ov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb AD a zkontrolovat, zda nejste vystaveni t\u00e9to kritick\u00e9 zranitelnosti.
      \n
      Zdroj:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Active Directory (AD) \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430: \u0417\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":25390,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Zranitelnost Exchange: jak odhalit zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed na \u00farove\u0148 spr\u00e1vce dom\u00e9ny | ProHoster","description":"Zranitelnost objeven\u00e1 letos v Exchange umo\u017e\u0148uje ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli dom\u00e9ny z\u00edskat.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c Exchange: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 Exchange \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uyazvimost-exchange-kak-obnaruzhit-povyshenie-privilegij-do-administratora-domena","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:54:17+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"33708","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 23:14:52","updated":"2026-01-21 16:23:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33708\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}